• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.4
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• pp.497-501
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• 2000

Twelve-year-old rootstocks of sycamore and sweetgum were coppiced at monthly intervals for one year. Sprout growth was measured three and five years after cutting. After three years, average dry weight of the sprouts cut in May, June and July was lower by 36% for sycamore and by 24% for sweetgum than those cut during the other months of the year. However, these differences were reduced to be 23% and 14%, respectively, after five years.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the absorbing and/or filtering capacity of woody landscape plants growing in urban and industrial regions of Seoul and Taejon. Korea. Total sulfur content and heavy metal content were analyzed in tree foliage of Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Ginkgo biloba. Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis. The total sulfur content in the leaves of woody landscape plants in Seoul and Taejon were remarkably higher than those of the tree leaves in Kwangreung. The total sulfur content of deciduous trees had 2.6 times more than that of coniferous trees. the former had better absorbing capacity of $SO_2$ gas. Especially Ginkgo biloba and Platanus occidentalis were recommanded as absorption trees of $SO_2$ because sulfur content levels of them were the highest among all species and increased until tall coloration. While coniferous trees showed no changes in total sulfur content between four seasons. deciduous trees increased in sulfur during the growing season. Pb content of all species in polluted area were higher than those in unpolluted area. In polluted area, while coniferous trees had higher absorption and accumulation of Pb, deciduous trees had higher absorption of Zn. The content of Pb, Zn and Cu in needle of Pinus koraiensis were more than those of Pinus densiflora, In Pinus koraiensis and Pinus densiflora, heavy metal content in the 2nd year needle were higher than thous in the current year needle. In Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis Liriodendron tulipifera and Platanus occidentalis there was a positive correlation between total sulfur and heavy metals [(Pb+Zn+Cu)/3] content.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2003

This study was carried out to examine the heavy metal concentrations in soils under roadside trees and tree ring layers, and to investigate the relationship between heavy metal concentrations and tree ring growth of roadside trees in Seoul. Soil samples at $0{\sim}20\;cm$ depth and tree line were collected from Platanus occidentalis and Ginkgo biloba at nine streets, and pH and heavy Metal concentrations were analyzed. Soil pH ranged from 6.62 to 8.01 and soil heavy metal concentrations under roadside trees were higher (Zn 109.03, Pb 26.49 and Cu 44.98 mg/kg) compared with those of the referred forest soils. Soils at Cheonggye2ga street showed the highest heavy metal concentrations, and seemed to be related to heavy traffic and dense hardware stores. Tree ring width significantly decreased from 1979 through 2000 for both species. There were positive correlations between Cr, Pb and Cu concentrations in soils and tree ring layers for P. occidentalis and Ni for G. biloba. However, there were negative correlations between Cr concentration in tree ring layers and tree ring width for P. occidentalis, and Ni and Cu for G. biloba. Also there were no significant correlations between climatic factors in Seoul and tree ring width.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2011

This study was conducted to provide on a basic information for maintenance of roadside trees and identify the links between environmental pollution and tree damages (Ginkgo biloba, Platanus occidentalis) in Daejeon City by analyzing photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll contents by the regions and plants. The investigations were conducted at Chungnam national university(CNU) considered as the least air-polluted area compared to other study sites, Daedeok science town(DS) which a new road with little traffic recently was built around, Daehwa industry complex(DIC) and Daejeon station(DS) which an old road with heavy is located around. The photosynthetic capacity of the two species were highest in CNU and lowest in the DS. However the water use efficiency was highest on the contrary to the photosynthetic capacity in DS. Chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll contents were highest in CNU and lowest in DS as the photosynthetic capacity. On all of the test, Ginkgo biloba shows the more favorable physiological responses than Platanus occidentalis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1993

The swollen tissue of wound origin formed after nailing ㄷ-shaped fastener to a stem of Platanus occidentalis L. was compared with normal tissue in the qualitative and quantitative anatomical aspects. The swollen tissue appeared to differ from normal tissue in irregular cell orientation, occurrence of tyloses in vessel element, less common appearance of pore multiples, narrower and shorter vessel element, lower vessel frequency, shorter and highly thick-walled wood fiber, greater number of bars per scalariform perforation plate in vessel element, larger ray frequency, larger ray width and lower ray height.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate sensitivity of woody plants growing in urban and industrial regions of Seoul and Taejon, Korea. Malondialdehyde(MDA) contents were analyzed in tree foliage of Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Ginkgo biloba, Liriodendron tulipifera and Platanus occidentalis. In addition, MDA contents were analyzed in the foliage of tree seedlings, i.e. Pinus densiflora. Pinus koraiensis, Ginkgo biloba and Liriodendron tulipifera, with the fumigation of $SO_2$ in gas chamber 4 hours a day for six days. MDA contents of leaves in Ginkgo biloba, Platanus occidentalis and Liriodendron tulipifera in polluted regions were higher than those in unpolluted region and among them Liriodendron tulipifera had the highest. MDA contents of Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis increased with the increase of needle age. MDA contents of Liriodendron tulipifera seedlings were increased with the higher concentrations of $SO_2$ but MDA contents in other seedlings showed no changes with $SO_2$ treatment concentrations. MDA contents in all species were increased with the passage of exposure day. Especially. Liriodendron tulipifera had higher MDA content than other species. In Liriodendron tulipifera the MDA production increased with the passage of exposure day until the fourth day after that decreased.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.58-69
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• 2018

This study investigated root damage characteristics and correlations between roadside trees and street furniture through the investigation of the root damage conditions and the current status of roadside trees and street furniture in Seo-gu, Daejeon City where the occurrence of pavement uplift is frequent. The study area was divided into six areas by species of trees as Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Platanus occidentalis focusing on the streets that were installed with trees chest height and 8cm round planted at the time of the development of the Dunsan-dong Housing Site Development in Seo-gu, Daejeon metropolitan city (1990~1994). The damage rate of roadside protection frames (95.3%) was higher than that of curbstones (19.7%) at the study site. Streets without a protective frame were more likely to have damaged pavement. In addition, the frequency of breakage of protective frames was lowered when a drinking water area was increased to more than a certain level. The frequency of the type of uplift in the sidewalk pavement surfaces is in the order of tail type > mounding type > irregular type, and the frequency of the uplift direction is the highest in Direction 1 ($0{\sim}44^{\circ}C$), Direction 2 ($45{\sim}89^{\circ}$), and Direction 3 ($95{\sim}134^{\circ}$) when $180^{\circ}$ of the street direction is based on $90^{\circ}$ parallel to the curbstone. The uplift length is about 31~60cm and it is most often at a height of 3~6cm. When comparing the results of uplift deformation, Metasequoia glyptostroboides was found to be higher than the deformation of Platanus occidentalis. In addition, it can be seen that the larger the length, width and height of the ridge, the larger the deformation becomes. The relationship between the diameter at breast height, the dimension of the pavement width, the frequency of the ridge phenomenon and the deformation amount is not necessarily proportional, and there seems to be a gap due to external factors such as soil humidity and planting base. Therefore there is a need for a multi-directional approach in reducing uplift.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2023

This study aimed to develop biomass allometric equations and estimate carbon emission factors, such as the wood density, biomass-expansion factor, and root-to-shoot ratio, for Platanus occidentalis and Metasequoia glyptostroboides planted in urban areas. Twenty M. glyptostroboides and 25 P. occidentalis trees were harvested, and the dry weights and stem volumes of stems, branches, leaves, and roots (>5 mm) were measured. The wood densities of M. glyptostroboides and P. occidentalis were 0.293 ± 0.008 g cm^-3 and 0.509 ± 0.018 g cm^-3, and the biomass-expansion factors were 1.738 ± 0.031 and 1.561 ± 0.035. The root-to-shoot ratios were 0.446 ± 0.009 and 0.402 ± 0.012. The uncertainty tests (coefficient of variation, %) gave 2.8% and 3.5% values for wood density, 1.8% and 2.3% for biomass-expansion factor, and 2.1% and 2.9% for root-to-shoot ratio, respectively. Among the developed allometric equations, Model I using the diameter at breast height (DBH) was suitable. The allometric equations of M. glyptostroboides and P. occidentalis above ground were y = 1.679 (DBH)^1.315 and y = 0.505 (DBH)^1.896, and the allometric equations of the root and total were y = 0.746 (DBH)^1.315, y = 0.301 (DBH)^1.751, y = 2.422 (DBH)^1.316, and y = 0.787 (DBH)^1.858. If the carbon-emission factors of this study and biomass allometric equations of the three developed models are used to estimate the carbon storage and biomass of urban forests, errors caused by not considering the use of fixed factors and the environmental differences can be reduced.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2006

In order to screen for the best species for mitigating air pollutants by plants at an industrial complex area, we investigated antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and nitrogen content in the leaves of 27 taxa of woody plants that are mostly utilized as roadside trees. Among 27 taxa, the highest value of antioxidant capacity was given by Cedrus deodara (91.4%) and the lowest one was by Firmiana simplex (56.9%). At lipid peroxidation level, little malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in Lagerstroemia indica and Ginkgo biloba, but Platanus occidentalis, Castanoposis cuspidata var, sieboldii, Machilus thunbergii and Juniperus chinensis showed high MDA content. Antioxidant capacity of the deciduous woody plants was not significantly different in comparison with that of the evergreen ones. But MDA content of the deciduous woody plants was lower than that of the evergreen ones. The 27 taxa of woody plants appeared to be classified into four types: those of high antioxidant capacity and low lipid peroxidation, those of high antioxidant capacity and high lipid peroxidation, those of low antioxidant capacity and low lipid peroxidation, and those of low antioxidant capacity and high lipid peroxidation. The taxa included in these types are 7 (first type), 6 (second one), 8 (third one) and 6 (fourth one) taxa. first or second type species which have a high antioxidant capacity represented low nitrogen content in their leaves. However, third or forth type species which have low antioxidant capacity showed high nitrogen content in their leaves. Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Platycarya strobilacra and P. occidentalis which belong to the first or second type had extraordinarily high antioxidant capacity and high nitrogen content. Thus, three species are considered to be good phytoremediators for an industrial complex area.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2016

The objective of this paper is to develop volume equation of street tree and its carbon stock for urban forest in Seoul. To develop the volume equation by major species in Seoul, data for street trees were obtained from four-species (e.g. Gingko biloba, Platanus occidentalis, Zelkova serrata, and Metasequoia glyptostroboides), which accounted for 79% all street trees in Seoul. This study used a variable based on diameter on breast height and four equation for calculating volume. The coefficient of determination, bias, and root mean square error were used to evaluate the precision of four equations. From these methods, the most suitable equations for Platanus occidentalis was aDb, the other was aD+bD2; coefficient of determination upper on 0.873. From the volume equation developed in this research, the estimated carbon stock were derived as about 33,760tC for four-species of urban forest in Seoul. The results of this paper offered volume equation and carbon stock that present growth information for street trees in urban forestry and these can be made available for evaluating the management for carbon in settlement.