• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2008

We have investigated the effect of the formation of an initial oxide layer on the fabrication of the porous aluminium oxide. The porous aluminium oxide was fabricated by two-step anodization process with a electropolished aluminium foil. Before the first anodization step, the initial oxide layer with thickness of 10 nm was formed under the applied voltage of 1 V and later the anodization was continued under 40 V using oxalic acid solution. With the formation of the initial oxide layer, the anodization process was stable and the anodization current was constant throughout the process. In case of the absence of the initial oxide layer, the anodization was very unstable and the continuous increase in the anodization current was observed. This indicates the formation of the initial oxide layer on the aluminium surface prevents the burning of the surface due to the nonuniform distribution of the applied electric field, and allows the stable anodization process required for the porous aluminium oxide.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.191-195
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• 2010

We have investigated the effect of the removal of an initial oxide layer and the anodization time on the growth of the porous alumina layer. The porous alumina layer was fabricated by two-step anodization process with phosphoric acid. We have observed the changes in the uniformity of the pore structure by varying the removing time of the initial oxide layer after the first anodization with phosphoric acid and chromic acid, and noted that its uniformity improves with the removing time. We have also determined the thickness of the alumina layer after the final anodization process and found that the thickness increases linearly with the anodization time. Under 150 V of anodization voltage with phosphoric acid, the growth rate of the porous alumina layer is determined to be 22.5 nm/min.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.90-94
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• 2007

We have fabricated porous aluminum oxide using flexible and thin aluminum foils with thickness of 0.025 and 0.2 mm. These foils were anodized with 0.3 M oxalic acid solution after being electropolished with ethanol/perchloric acid. During the anodization, the temperature of the electrolyte was maintained at $9^{\circ}C$ and the anodization voltage was varied between 0.4 and 40 V The surface of the anodized aluminum oxide was studied with a scanning electron microscope. From the scanning electron micrograph, we observed that when the voltage applied was above 1 V for a long period of time, due to a strong electrolysis reaction in electrolyte, the surface of the anodized oxide was destroyed. However, when the anodization voltage was less than 1 V, the anodization process was very stable and lasted much longer. Our results show that for a thin aluminum foil, unlike a thick plate, one requires small anodization voltage less than 1 V to form a porous aluminum oxide for long anodization time.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.212-217
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• 1999

Porous alumina membrane with asymmetrical structure was prepared by anodic oxidation under constant DC current mode in aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. In order to produce membrane with improved properties, the aluminium plate was pre-treated with thermal oxidation, chemical polishing and electrochemical polishing before anodic oxidation. The thickness and pore diameter of the membrane were controlled by current density and charge density, respectively. The upper layer of 20 nm under of pore diameter was produced under very low current density while the lower layer of 36 nm pore diameter was produced under higher current density. The thickness of the membrane was about $80{\sim}90{\mu}m$ and that of the upper layer was $6{\mu}m$. We found that the mechanism of gas permeation through the membrane depended on Knudsen diffusion.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.536-541
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• 1998

The porous size alumina membrane was prepared by anodic oxidation with current method in an aqueous solution of oxalic acid. The aluminum metal plate was pretreated with thermal oxidation, chemical polishing and electropolishing before anodic oxidation. Membrane thickness and pore size distribution were investigated with several anodizing conditions; reaction temperature, cumulative charge, electrolyte concentration and current density. The porous alumina membrane obtained was $55{\sim}75{\mu}m$ thick with straight micropore of 45~100nm. Also, the porous alumina membrane has an uniform pore diameter and pore distribution. It was inorganic ultrafiltration membrane as a kind of the ceramic membrane.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.126-129
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• 2013

We have fabricated an ordered Ni nanodot structure using an alumina mask prepared via 2-step anodization technique under phosphoric acid. We have formed a porous structure with average pore size of 279 nm on $2{\mu}m$ thick alumina film and the thermal deposition of thin Ni film though the mask led to the formation of ordered Ni nanodot structure with an average dot size of 293 nm, following the pore structure on the mask. We further investigated the magnetic properties of the nanodot structure by measuring the hysteresis curve at room temperature. When compared to the magnetic properties of a continuous Ni film, we observed the decrease in the squareness and the increase in coercivity along the magnetization easy axis, due to the isolated nanodot structure. Our study suggests that the ordered nanodot structure can be easiy fabricated with thin film deposition technique using anodized alumina mask as a mask.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 1998

The porous alumina membrane was prepared from aluminum metal(99.8%) by anodic oxidation using DC power supply of constant current mode in aqueous solution of sulfuric, oxalic, phosphoric and chromic acid. Pore size and distribution, membrane thickness, morphology and crystal structure were examined with several anodizing conditions : reaction temperature, electrolyte concentration, current density and electrolyte type. It was found that ultrafiltration membrane was fabricated in electrolyte of sulfuric, and oxalic acid. On the other hand, microfiltration membrane was fabricated in electrolyte of phosphoric, and chromic acid. Also, it was shown that crystal structure of porous alumina membrane prepared in sulfuric, oxalic, and phosphoric acid was amorphous, whereas porous alumina membrane prepared in chromic acid had ${\gamma}$ type of crystal structure.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.756-762
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• 1997

The experiment was carried out to fabricate alumina membrane which has a cylindrical pore structure by anodizing aluminium plate in sulfuric acid solution with the electrochemical technique. The aluminium plate for anodizing was prepared by the pretreatment process such as chemical, electro-polishing and thermal treatment. The pore size distribution and the film thickness of alumina membrane were investigated by the implementation of scanning electron microscope(SEM) and BET method. The results show that the oxide film has a geometrical structures like a Keller model and that the membrane has a uniform pore distribution. The pore size and the oxide film thickness are dependent on the anodizing process variables such as the electrolyte concentration, the reation temperature and the anodizing current density.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.274-274
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• 2015

양극산화를 통해 생기는 다공성 알루미나 산화막의 기공은 전해질과 적절한 온도 등 제작 조건에서 자기 조립하여 고도로 정렬된 (Highly ordered) 나노기공을 가지는 AAO (AnodicAluminum Oxide)를 제조하는데 주로 쓰이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 다단계 산화방법으로 빛의 파장에 무관하게 빛의 반사를 매우 효과적으로 줄이는 포물선 형태의 Moth-eye 구조를 가지는 템플릿을 제조하였다. SEM 측정을 통해 구조체 다공성 알루미늄 산화막의 표면적 변화를 알 수 있었고, 일정한 크기와 모양의 pore가 규칙적으로 형성된 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 제조된 템플릿 내부에 고분자를 채워 포물선 형태의 나노핀을 갖는 필름을 제조할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.923-928
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• 2010

Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanotemplates for nano electronic device applications have been attracting increasing interest because of ease of fabrication, low cost process, and possible fabrication in large area. The size and density of the nanostructured materials can be controlled by changing the pore diameter and the pole density of AAO nanotemplate. In this paper, nano porous alumina films AAO nanotemplate was fabricated by second anodization method using sputterd Al films. In addition, effects of electrolyte temperature and anodization voltate on the microstructure of porous alumina films were investigated. As the electrolyte temperature was increased from $8^{\circ}C$ to $20^{\circ}C$, the growth rate of nanoporous alumina films was increased from 86.2 nm/min to 179.5 nm/min. The AAO nanotemplate fabricated with optimal condition had the mean pore diameter of 70 nm and the pore depth of $1\;{\mu}m$.