• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2007

The water-soluble or ethanol-soluble materials extracted from fruit bodies and cultured products (mycelium and broth) of H. erinaceum were prepared, and their inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity from Electrophorous electricus was investigated. Inhibition of 75-85% for AChE activity at concentration of 10 mg/ml was obtained and the mechanism was due to general non-competitive inhibition. Especially, the supernatant of culture broth by ethanol treatment, exhibited a strong inhibition activity of 94% at 10 mg/ml. The samples from fruit body, mycelium and broth (supernatant and precipitate by ethanol treatment) which were extracted from H. erinaceum, were very effective to inhibit the initial stage oxidation of a linoleic acid at concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. The antioxidative activity of these samples were superior than rutin, vitamin C and tocopherol as antioxidative standards by FTC (ferric thiocyanate) method, and also showed the very strong antioxidative activity of 95% without significant difference of the samples by TBA-RS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance) method.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.369-374
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• 1997

Immature flower buds of 'Desio' carnation were cultured on MS agar medium supplemented with 1 ㎎/L 2,L-D. Embryogenic calli were formed from 5-10% of the buds less than 20 ㎜ in length, but only non-embryogenic calli were produced from explants of shoot apex leaf, internode, and flowere buds larger than 20 ㎜. The same method was applied to 16 cultivars of cut Sower carnation and embryogenic calli were obtained in 7 cultivars. Several embryogenic callus lines were selected and maintained through subcultures over 120 weeks without loss of embryogenic competence. The embryogenic cultures were also proliferated rapidly in liquid agitation cultures using MS medium supplemented with 1mg/L 2,4-D. Numerous embryos were formed on the periphery of the cell aggregates upon transfer to auxin-free MS agar medium. Plantlets were transplanted in potting soil and grown to bloom in six months.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2001

This study was carried out to get the basic information for the submerged culture and analyze the biochemical components of Naematoloma sublateritium mycelia. The optimal temperature, pH, agitation speed and cultural time for the mycelial growth of Naematoloma sublateritium were $25^{\circ}C$, 5.5, 150rpm and 20 days, respectively. The proximate composition of mycelia was as follows; carbohydrate 55.8% (total sugar 48.7%), crude protein 22.4%, fat 4.1 % and ash 4.7% respectively. Among the free amino acid contents, phenylalanine, alanine and lysine were predominant component. The linoleic acid and palmitic acid were found to be the highest among the free fatty acids. The biopolymer extracts of mycelia was identified to be protein-bounded polysaccharide by color reaction and sepharose CL-4B gel chromatography.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.135-140
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• 2001

A series of studies were carried out to establish micropropagation system, using airlift bioreactors (ebb $\varepsilon$ flood type, 5 L), of Lilium oriental hybrid 'Casa Blanca'. The bulblets with swollen basal plate were formed from bulb scales, then proliferated to bulblet clusters with swollen basal plate. Finally normal bulblets were formed from the sections. Bulblet formation and proliferation with swollen basal plate were not accomplished entirely in liquid culture of 5 L airlift bioreactors, but leafy bulb scales grew vigorously. Bulblet clusters with swollen basal plate were proliferated by periodic immersion culture. Bulblet proliferation was not affected by light, but scale leaves grew under light. MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.3 mg/L indole acetic acid (IAA) was favorable to the bulblet proliferation with swollen basal plate. In liquid culture of 5 L bioreactors, bulblets from bulblet sections with swollen basal plate grew vigorously on MS medium with 70 g/L sucrose. It was effective for bulblet growth to replace the new medium after 8 weeks in culture during 16 weeks of cultural period. 15 g injection of bulblet sections as a cultural material was suitable for bulblet growth in 5 L bioreactors.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.223-227
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• 1999

This study was carried out to establish improved techniques on organogenesis from callus culture of Gladiolus. Organogenesis from the callus was effective in the half strength of MS solid medium without 2,4-D at 15 $^{\circ}C$ under 24 hours of daylength. Formation of adventitious root was most effective in the liquid shaking culture, and adventitious shoot induction was effective in the liquid stationary culture. From these results, we could find optimal culture conditions for redifferentiation from callus, in addition, liquid shaking culture revealed as more useful when compared with that of solid culture method for the redifferentiation of callus in Gladiolus `Topaz'.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1402-1408
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• 2010

The effects of rice hull (RH) powder on the anticarcinogenic activity of submerged-liquid cultures of Agaricus blazei Murill (AB) were assessed for mouse ascites cancers induced by mouse Sarcoma S-180 (S-180) cancer cells. Optimal growth of AB mycelia in the basal liquid culture medium, containing soybean meal, was achieved by culturing at $25^{\circ}C$ for 5 days, when evaluated by $\beta$-glucan content, Brix, and mycelial weight, relative to other culture conditions. Hot-water extract (HWE) of the submergedliquid culture of AB mycelia grown at $25^{\circ}C$ for 5 days exhibited a stronger anticarcinogenic activity, relative to HWE from other culture conditions. No such effects were obtained from AB mycelial cultures by alternative temperature-controlling cultures. Both cytotoxicity for S-180 cells and anticarcinogenic potentials for mouse ascites cancer of the HWE from AB mycelia grown in the basal medium containing 1% RH powder for 5 days at $25^{\circ}C$ were significantly (p<0.05) enhanced, relative to HWE from the AB mycelia culture of the basal medium without RH powder. These results indicate that HWE of submerged-liquid culture of AB mycelia, incubated in media containing 1% RH powder at $25^{\circ}C$ for 5 days, enhanced anticarcinogenic activity against S-180 cell-induced mouse ascites cancer, and suggest that RH powder is an excellent ingredient for the improvement of the anticarcinogenic potentials of the submerged-liquid culture of mushroom mycelia.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.492-497
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• 2003

This study was carried out to get the basic data for the mycelial growth of Lentinus lepideus in liquid culture. The optimal temperature and initial pH of mycelial growth of Lentinus lepideus were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5, respectively. The optimal medium was YMG medium. Among the carbon sources tested, glucose was effected to the mycelial growth and optimal glucose concentration was 4% (w/v). As nitrogen sources, malt extract and yeast extract appeared to be favorable and optimal malt extract and yeast extract [ratio (w/w) of 1:1] concentration was 1.5% (w/v).

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.20 no.A
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• pp.45-50
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• 2000

A submerged cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum was carried out in an air-lift fermenter system, and the effects of different pH processes on extracellular branched ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan(EPS) production and mycelial growth(MDW) were investigated. The controlled pH process improved the production of branched ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan and biomass in comparison to the uncontrolled pH process. However, the maximum production of branched ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan were obtained by the bi-staged pH process. From these results, we confirmed that the bi-staged pH process was the most effective for improving the production of branched ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan from submerged culture of G. lucidum.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.118-122
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• 2000

This study was carried out to determine the optimal liquid medium composition of ginseng (Panax ginsengC.A. Meyer) root induced by growth regulators in order to improve the yield of saponin production. Submerged culture conditions were optimized using the fractional factorial design with 4 factors and 3 levels by a RSM computer program The effects of various pH values of medium, sucrose, nitrogen and phosphate concentration on the saponin content of the ginseng root were investigated. The optimum phosphate concentration determined by a partial differentiation of the model equation, pH of medium, sucrose and nitrogen concentration were phosphate 93 mg/L, pH 5.5, sucrose 5% and nitrogen 50 mg/L, respectively. Under these conditions, the predicted saponin content of ginseng root was estimated at 0.308%.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.58-63
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• 2000

To develop the production of ginseng root using plant tissue culture technology, submerged culture conditions were optimized by means of the fractional factorial design with 4 factors and 3 levels by a RSM computer program. The ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) roots induced by plant growth regulators were cultured on SH medium and the effects of various pH of medium, sucrose concentration, nitrogen concentration and phosphate concentration on fresh weight of the ginseng root were investigated. The fresh weight of ginseng root increased with a decrease in nitrogen concentration and fresh weight of ginseng root varied from 1.00 to 2.33g under various conditions. The optimum pH of medium and sucrose concentration determined by a partial differentiation of the model equation, nitrogen and phosphate concentration were pH 5.6, sucrose 3.8%, nitrogen 50 mg/L and phosphate 80.7 mg/L, respectively. Under these conditions, the predicted growth of ginseng root was estimated to be 2.36g.