• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 2013

This study employed inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR) to assess genetic variation among 189 individuals representing 10 populations (nine in Korea and one in Japan) of Millettia japonica, which has recently been lifted from the endangered species of Korea. The calculated Shannon's information index value (I = 0.2689) of the species was appreciable and was higher than other endangered leguminous woody taxa. Gochang (I = 0.2968), Namhae (I = 0.2951), and Mt. Toham (I = 0.2823) populations showed relatively high genetic diversity, whereas the Kyushu (in Japan) population (I = 0.2487) exhibited the lowest. The results of an analysis of molecular variance indicated that 86.49% of the diversity was attributed to within populations, and 13.51% to differences among populations, suggesting that M. japonica populations do not have significant geographic differentiation and that the gene flow between populations exists to some extent (Nm = 1.8446). Continuous habitat monitoring should be conducted to conserve genetic diversity of M. japonica, particularly for those populations with relatively high genetic diversity. Selection of many individuals from the populations in Gochang, Namhae, and Mt. Toham is thought to be an appropriate strategy for ex situ conservation of M. japonica in Korea.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.565-572
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• 2006

This study examined the decomposition of blades and culms of aquatic emergent plant species, Zizania latifolia, Phragmites communis and Typha angustata, which were the most frequent in Lake Paldang. The experiment was carried out from July to December, 2005 in fresh water of lake Paldang using litter bag method. The litter bags had 1.2 mm mesh size and were suspended at 1 m depth of water surface. Remaining mass of blades and culms of each species after 97 days was 21.2% and 22.6% of initial mass in Z. latifolia, 32.5% and 56.4% in P. communis and 44.7% and 38.1 % in T. angustata, respectively. The plant tissue having high N concentration and low C/N exhibited the faster decay rate than the others. However, the tissue of high content of lignin, cellulose, lignin:N, and cullulose:N showed a slow decomposition rate. Water temperature was the most effective environmental factor on the emergent macrophyte litter decomposition in aquatic ecosystems. According to the water temperature, DO, $NO_3^-$-N, and total phosphate concentration were changed in the linear way. The mass loss of plant tissue of emergent macrophytes showed positive relationship with P concentration in water. The experiments on the decomposition of the litter using different mesh sized litter bag did not show significant differences between them. The results suggest that the decomposition of emergent macrophytes in fresh water of lake Paldang, which showed features of lentic and lower part of a stream, was affected by microbial activities better than the micro-invertebrates such as shredders.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.2023-2027
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• 2009

본 연구는 현재와 과거의 하도 지형자료 분석을 통하여 만경강에서 나타나는 폐천(Abandoned channel)을 파악하고, 유형을 폐쇄형, 개방형, 육화형 폐천으로 구분하여 각각의 본류구간과 함께 식물상 및 식생분포 특성을 비교하였다. 만경강의 경우 1918년 하도 형태가 경지정리 및 치수사업에 따른 제방축조 등 인위적인 절단(Engineered cutoff)으로 8개소 이상의 구간에서 하도 선형이 크게 변경됨으로써 폐천이 형성되는 것으로 나타났다. 현재 폐천부지는 육화형태의 농지 이용 및 개방형 또는 폐쇄형의 습지로 유지되는 것으로 조사되었다. 폐천 유형에 따라 나타난 식물상은 폐쇄형 56종류, 개방형 31종류로 조사되었다. 육화형의 본류의 경우 보에 의한 영향으로 달뿌리풀 (Phragmites japonica)과 저수로 검정말(Hydrilla verticillata) 등의 수생식물이 우점하는 정체수역이 나타났다. 개방형 폐천은 갈수기에도 수심이 깊은 수역이 확보되어 본류에 비하여 출현종수가 높았다. 폐쇄형 폐천은 연꽃(Nelumbo nucifera), 애기부들(Typha angustifolia) 등의 다양한 수생식물이 출현하여 본류에 비해 안정된 습지 생태계를 유지하였다. 만경강의 개방형과 폐쇄형 폐천은 수생식물의 증가와 전형적인 습지생태계를 유지하고 있었으며 본류의 정체수역이 관찰되었다. 본래 하천의 연속성을 향상하기 위한 유수생태계의 복원은 하천의 건강성을 향상하기 위한 방안이 될 것이다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.865-874
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• 2003

Red sorrel, as one of exotic weeds in Korea, was introduced along with imported cereals for concentrate feed or within the seed for forage production. The plant was dominated in grassland and reduced the quality of forage. In particular, this weed cause severe problem in alpine grassland. This study was carried out to investigate the effect and response of red sorrel and forage crops by foliar and soil applied herbicide application. Mecoprop(MCPP) and pendimethaline were selected by pre-field experiment trials and applied to control the red sorrel in grassland. Herbicidal activity of MCPP was 77.2% at 500$m\ell$/10a level and 82.8% at 750$m\ell$/10a level. However, seeds of red sorrel from bare land formed after foliar applied herbicide treatment were germinated and covered bare land. Pendimethalin was not reduced the rhizome growth grown from red sorrel root but retarded seedling growth of germinated red sorrel. The herbicidal activity of pendimethalin to the red sorrel seedling was 83.0%. 2 times application of MCPP at the rate of 750$m\ell$/10a was effective to control of red sorrel regrown from root and herbicidal activity was 93.2%. MCPP and pendimethaline treatment was not reduced growth of grass and have no herbicidal injury to forage crop seedling. Amount of MCPP and pendimethalin remained in grass plant was decreased from 20 days after herbicide treatment and could not be problem in livestock feeding.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.258-260
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• 2004

4가지 중금속 중 카드뮴과 크롬은 환경부고시 오염물질 배출기준농도의 50배 이상 농도에서도 애기장대의 종자발아에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 구리는 오염물질 배출기준농도의 10배 이상, 납은 50배 이상에서 종자 발아에 치명적인 영향을 주어 발아가 전혀 일어나지 않았다. 종자 발아가 전혀 되지 않은 농도의 납(15, 20, 25 및 30 mg/L)과 발아율 10% 미만인 구리(15 및 20 mg/L)용액에 맥반석가루(3 g/30 ml)를 첨가하여 실온에서 24시간 처리한 용액에서는 100%의 종자 발아율을 나타내었다. 한편 100% 종자 발아가 된 증류수와 구리 5mg/L농도에 녹차(0.2 g/30 ml)를 첨가하였을 때에는 발아가 전혀 일어나지 않았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.411-413
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• 2006

애기장대에 카드뮴을 5가지 농도(1, 5, 15, 30, 50 mg/L)로 처리하였을 때 식물의 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 환경부고시 오염물질 배출기준농도(0.1 mg/L)의 50배 높은 카드뮴농도로 처리한 식물의 줄기 생장은 정상식물보다 어느 정도 촉진되었으나,오염물질 배출기준농도의 150배 이상의 높은 농도에서는 농도에 비례하여 생장이 감소되었다. 뿌리 생장에서는 줄기 생장과 유사한 경향을 나타냈지만 오염물질 배출기준농도의 50배 이상의 높은 카드뮴농도에서부터 뿌리생장이 점진적으로 감소하였다. 잎 생장에서는 줄기 생장과 비슷한 경향을 나타내어 오염물질 배출기준농도의 50배 높은 카드뮴농도까지는 엽신이 크고 표면적이 증가하여 생장이 정상식물보다 오히려 촉진되었으나 150배 이상의 높은 농도부터는 농도에 비례하여 생장이 감소되었다 카드뮴을 처리한 식물들의 생중량은 줄기와 잎 생장의 결과와 거의 유사한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.95-99
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• 2017

The morphological characteristics of the baculum were compared among Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Hypsugo alaschanicus, Vespertilio sinensis, and Murina hilgendorfi. Their bacula were located at the distal end but their shapes were differed among species. V. sinensis had the longest baculum (mean=7.27 mm), followed by R. ferrumequinum (mean=5.02 mm), H. alaschanicus (mean=2.60 mm) and M. hilgendorfi (mean=2.15 mm). The baculum of R. ferrumequinum was Y-shaped, with a pointed tip and that of V. sinensis was long and conical. However, the baculum of H. alaschanicus was I-shaped, with the widths of proximal and distal ends larger than that of the shaft. The baculum of M. hilgendorfi was small, and oval shaped. The shaft of the baculum of R. ferrumequinum and H. alaschanicus was linear in shape, whereas that of V. sinensis was curved towards the distal end, and that of M. hilgendorfi was bent upward. The results showed that the baculum morphology differed among these four species. These findings can be utilized as an identification key for these species, and they can be used as baseline data for studying the phyletic relationships of bats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2021

Oryzalin is a dinitroaniline herbicide that has been known to disrupt microtubules. Microtubules and microfilaments are components of cytoskeletons that are implicated in plant cell growth, which requires the synthesis of cellulose when cell walls elongate. In addition, microtubules are also involved in the sedimentation of statoliths, which regulate the perception of gravity in the columella cells of root tips. In this study, we investigated the effect of oryzalin on the growth and gravitropic response of Arabidopsis roots. The role of ethylene in oryzalin's effect was also examined using these roots. Treatment of oryzalin at a concentration of 10-4 M completely inhibited the roots' growth and gravitropic response. At a concentration of 10-6 M oryzalin, root growth was inhibited by 47% at 8 hr when compared to control. Gravitropic response was inhibited by about 38% compared to control in roots treated with 10-6 M oryzalin for 4 hr. To understand the role of oryzalin in the regulation of root growth and gravitropic response, we measured ethylene production in root segments treated with oryzalin. It was found that the addition of oryzalin stimulated ethylene production through the activation of ACC oxidase and ACC synthase genes, which are key components in the synthesis of ethylene. From these findings, it can be inferred that oryzalin inhibits the growth and gravitropic response of Arabidopsis roots by stimulating ethylene production. The increased ethylene alters the arrangement of the microtubules, which eventually interferes with the growth of the cell wall.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.188-195
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• 2013

The morphological characters and scientific names of Korean Artemisia sect. Absinthium were reviewed based on the type specimen, the original description, observation of the living materials and voucher specimens. The form of the habitat, the structure of underground, the leaf shape and capitulum features were valuable characters in identifying the taxa. The sect. Absinthium in Korea was classified as three taxa of A. sieversiana, A. lagocephala, A. fauriei. The illustration and description of each taxa were provided. Particularly, A. fauriei in this section with hair on receptacle and A. fukudo in sect. Abrotanum without hair on receptacle grow in mixed groups on the West shore of Korea. Two species with populations which grow in mixed groups, was observed as being putative hybrid individuals based on morphological characters.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.295-304
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• 2017

The Ramsar protected area in Ungok wetland, which has been designated since 2011, was described by syntaxonomy and synchorology. Phytocoenon was identified and named by a traditional method of the $Z{\ddot{u}}rich$-Montpellier School and Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. Habitat-based vegetation classification has identified into twelve syntaxa consisting of 88 taxa in seven vegetation types: Juncus effusus var. decipiens-Salix koreensis community, Caricis-Salicetum subfragilis, Galium spurium var. echinospermon-Phragmites japonica community, Phragmitetum australis, Scirpetum fluviatilis, Leersia japonica-Typha angustifolia community, Juncus diastrophanthus-Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Leersicetum japonicae, Nymphoido indicae-Trapetum japonicae (typicum, marsiletosum quadrifoliae subass. nova hoc loco, variante Euryale ferox), Nelumbo nucifera community, Utricularia tenuicaulis community, Potamogetonetum crispi. Actual vegetation map was made by using topographical map of scale 1 : 5,000. Habitat-based management on the Ungok wetland vegetation was required, in which there are composed of two major areas such as the back-swamp vegetation and the limnetic vegetation zone.