• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2002

거리 수학이 학교 수학에 통합되어 수학 교실에서 지도되고 있는 하나의 예로 어림을 들 수 있다. 학교수학에서 지도되는 지필 알고리즘과는 달리 어림은 대략적인 값을 구하며, 주로 암산으로 수행된다. 그러나 어림은 학생들의 수학 학습과 일상생활에서 많은 유용성을 가지고 있음에도 불구하고 지금까지 수학 교육과정에서는 간과되었으나 최근 들어 강조되고 있는 영역이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 학교 수학에서 지도되는 어림을 고찰함으로써 거리 수학을 학교 수학에 통합하려는 수학과 교수-학습에 시사점을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 목적을 실현하기 위해 거리 수학과 학교 수학을 규명하고, 거리 수학과 학교 수학을 연결하는 다리로서의 어림에 대해서 고찰하였다. 다음으로 초등학교 6학년 학생들을 대상으로 어림 능력 검사를 실시함으로써 초등학교 교육을 통해서 학생들에게 길러지는 어림 능력을 분석하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.237-244
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• 1989

The moor vegetation of Daeryong-po on Mt. Daeam, east-central Korea was investigated in July 26th-29th, 1989, It was classified into I community group, 4 communities and 5 subcommunities; Sanguisorba tenuifolia var. alba community group, Sphagnum palustre community. Typical subcommunity, Eleocharis mamillata var. cyclocarpa subcommunity, Carex canescense subcommunity, Carex dispalata community, Spiraea salicifolia community, Geranium eriiostemon var. megalanthum community, Arundinella hirta-Phragmites communis subcommunity, Angelica purpuraefolia subcommunity. According to this classification, the actual vegetation map was made. The distribution of vegetation in this moor was divided characteristically into two areas. One was a typical oligotrophic area characterized by S. palustre community. The other was an area having mesotrophic or eutrophic conditions where its original state was disturbed by inflow of soil particles and removal of peat. It this disturbed area, C. dispalata, S. sibiricus, G. eriostemon var. megalanthum, were invaded.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.189-194
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• 2009

Author has carried out to survey on the fungal diversity from Yongnup swamp land, Yanggu-gun, Kangwon-do during the fruiting season over five years. During this survey 45 species and 3 varieties were recorded. Among them, Hygrocybe turunda (Peck) Bon var. sphagnophila (Peck) Bon was confirmed as an unknown species and Hygrocybe cruenta (Hongo) Hongo, Hydropus floccipes (Fr.) Sing. and Rhodophyllus setuliforme Kim Y. S. & Seok, S. J. were also found as rare species in Korea based on the examination of sporocarps and through previous literatures. Additional three species and two variety in Myxomycota, Hemitricha serpular (Scop.) Rostaf., H. clavata var. calyculata (Speg.) Y. Yamam, Badhamia affinis var. affinis Rostaf., Acyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. and Metatricha vesparium (Batsch) Nann.-Bremk were also listed.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.20-24
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• 1970

In the moor of Mt. Dae-am, the following communities are seen in successive order ranging from the north to the south; the Sanguisorba Argutipens-Carex jaluensis community, the Carex jaluensis-Sanguisorba Argutipens-Sphagnum community, the Sphagnum cymbifolium-Carex jaluensis community, the Carex jaluensis-Sanguisorba Argutipens community and the Calamgrostis Langsdorfii-Ottelia alismoides community. The properties of the peats vary according to the community type, that is, nutrients such as organic matter, total nitrogen, exchangeable K and Mg in the soil tend to decrease as the plant communities shift from the north to the south. The pH range for eleven stations samples was 3.9 to 5.7, and the meadian is 4.6. The content of exchangeable Ca decreases from station to station successively towards the center which is poor in calcium. Presumably there appears to be a clear correlation of Sphagnum cymbifolium with the amount of exchangeable Ca and value of pH produced in bogs by the breakdown or organic residures. The nutrient content of the representative plants of the moor shows no definite relation with the station of their habitats.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.1 s.110
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

The environmental change of Yong-nup in Mt. Dae-Am, which is located at the northern part of Kangwon-Do, Korea, was assesed with peat sedimentary carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. The surface layer of the peat (0 ${\sim}$ 5 cm) was 190 year BP, and the middle layers (30 ${\sim}$ 35 cm and 50 ${\sim}$ 55 cm) were 870 year BP and 1900 year BP, respectively. Bulk sedimentation rate was estimated to be about 0.4 mm $year^{-1}$ for 0 cm to 30 cm and 0.15 mm $year^{-1}$ for 35 cm to 50 cm. The $^{14}C$ age of the bottom sediment (75 ${\sim}$ 80 cm) collected and measured in this study was about 1900 year BP, although it was measured that the $^{14}C$ of the lowest bottom sediment in Yong-nup was 4105 ${\pm}$ 175 year BP (GX-23200). Since the $^{14}C$ ages for 50 ${\sim}$ 55 cm and 75 ${\sim}$ 80 cm layers were almost the same as 1890 ${\pm}$ 80 fear BP (NUTA 5364) and 1850 ${\pm}$ 90 year BP (NUTA 5462), respectively, we have estimated that the deep layers (55 ${\sim}$ 80 cm) in the high moor were the original forest soil. The low organic C and N contents in the deeper layers supported the inference. The sediment of 50 ${\sim}$ 55 cm layer contains much sandy material and showed very low organic content, suggesting the erosion (flooding) from the surrounding area. In this context, the Yong-nup, high moor, of Mt. Dae-Am, might have developed to the sampling site at about 1900 year BP. The ${\delta}^{13}C$ values of organic carbon and the ${\delta}^{15}N$ values of total nitrogen in the peat sediments fluctuated with the depths. The profile of ${\delta}^{13}C$ may indicate that the Yong-nup of Mt. Dae-Am have experienced the dry-wet and cool-warm period cycles during the development of the high moor. The ${\delta}^{15}N$ may indicate that the nitrogen cycling in the Yong-nup have changed from the closed (regeneration depending) system to the open (rain $NO_3\;^-$ and $N_2$ fixation depending) system during the development of the high moor.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.419-433
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• 2016

A floristic study was conducted 23 times from March 2010 to May 2016 on Mt. Yongbongsan and Mt. Suamsan region of Chungcheongnam-do which lies across Sapgyo-eup, Deoksan-myeon Yesan-gun, and Hongbuk-myeon Hongseong-gun. Based on voucher speciemens, list of vascular plants found in this area were contained 532 taxa in total including 105 families, 312 genera, 468 species, 4 subspecies, 47 varieties, and 13 forma. The 8 taxa were Korean endemic plants such as Populus tomentiglandulosa T.B.Lee, Clematis brachyura Maxim, C. trichotoma Nakai, Indigofera koreana Ohwi, Forsythia koreana (Rehder) Nakai, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H.Bailey, Aster koraiensis Nakai. 4 taxa of rare plants designated by the Korea Forest Service such as Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zucc., Lithospermum arvense L., Allium senescens L., and Iris ensata var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai. Endangered plants designated by the Ministry of Environment was not found in this study. The 11 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants in 3^rd to 5^th degree were found. 68 taxa naturalized plants were found and the naturalized ratio was 12.8% while 21.2% of urbanized ratio which is regarded quite high.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2000

The flora and vegetaion of the high moor in Mt. Daeam($128^{\circ}07^{\prime}E$, $38^{\circ}13^{\prime}N$) was investigated by the phytosociological method of Braun-Blanquet's from 13 - 14th June to 7 - 8th August, 1998. The flora of plants recorded in high moor was 191 taxa belonging to 53 families, 131 genera, 160 species, 30 varieties, 1 formas. The high moor vegetation of Sanguisorba tenuifolia var. alba community group in this survey trip was classified into 11 communities as follows : Carex dispalata community and Sphagnum palustre community at the interior of moor, Carex biwensis community and Juncus papillosus community at the regenerated area and Malinia japonica community, Spiraea salicifolia community, Geranium eriosteman var. megalanthum - Calamagrostis langsdorffii community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Salix koreensis community, Caltha palustris var. membranacea community and Sparganium stoloniferum community at the margin of moor. As a result of this study, the change of plant communities on high moor was closely influenced by landization in relation to the disturbance of human since 1969.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.261-272
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• 2012

This study was conducted so as to examine which change tDCS (Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation) for improving working memory can make on the EEC of stroke patients. Among the patients who suffered for more than 6 months by hemiparalysis caused by stroke, 20 patients selected by MMSE and DST were randomly divided into I group (10 patients) fulfilled by only CCT and II group (10 patients) fulfilled by both tDCS and CCT for total 4 weeks, 30 minutes per a day, three times per a week. For examining EEC variation, the absolute spectrum power was calculated by three bands (${\theta}$; 4~8 Hz, lower ${\alpha}$; 8~10.5 Hz, upper ${\alpha}$;10.5~13 Hz) during the task of words, photos and mental calculation with EEC test, before the arbitration, after 2 weeks and after 4 weeks, so the rate of increase and decrease (%) for the reference EEC was obtained. As the results, the first, particular aspects different one another in three bands were detected according to the measuring period and task. The second, in the forth week, there was only a significant difference in lower ${\alpha}$-power of all tasks. Therefore, through the procedure measuring EEC of this study, the degree of working memory's damage can be expressed by numerical value and tDCS should be additionally helpful for brain damaged patients' perception rehabilitation.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.170-187
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide a basic datd for establishing a basic park management plan for Bulamsan Urban Nature Park. This research surveys very closely about the present condition of the natural ecosystem based on the examination and analysis of the present condition. This research suggests development and management methods for environment-friendly park by understanding damages on the ecosystem due to overuse, as well as park facilities and their effects on the surrounding environment, using quantative analysis. The three steps: researching the present condition research, ecosystem evaluation, and park management plan were taken in order. The present condition research is based on the general condition, natural environment, and natural ecosystem data. In the ecosystem evaluation, wildlife habitats evaluation, landscape evaluation, and biotope type research which is a materialized form of the plant ecosystem were excuted based on the present condition research data. In the park management plan step, 1) classified ecosystem and landscae preservation zone, ecosystem protection zone and ecosystem restoration zone as ecosystem and landscape preservation plan, 2) plannings for ecosystem, fine landscape preservation, damaged area restoration and recovery plan were established in order to suggest environment-friendly plan,

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 1998

The volcanic piles in the northern Yucheon Minor Basin area are the Hagbong basaltic rocks, the Chaeyaksan basaltic rocks, the Jusasan andesitic rocks, the Unmunsa rhyolitic rocks, and the Tertiary voicanics. Stratigraphically, from the lowermost, (1) the Hagbong basaltic rocks are composed mainly of basaltic tuff with two olivine basalt flows intercalated, (2) the Chaeyagsan basaltic rocks are predominantly in tuffs and agglomerate with 3 basaltic flow interlayers, (3) the Jusasan andesitic rocks consist of thick piles of alternated sequences of 4 andesite flows and 5 andesitic tuffs and tuffaceous sediments and (4) the Unmunsa rhyolitic rocks which embed some rhyolite and obsidian are dominant in tuffs such as ash flow and crystal welded tuff. These volcanics reveal distinguishable characteristics in petrochemistry. In discriminating by major elements, the Hagbong and the Chaeyagsan basaltic rocks are alkaline, whereas the latter is also spilitic. In comparison, the volcanic rocks of the Jusasan andesitic rocks and the Tertiary sequences are characteristically calc-alkaline although their distribution is spatially separated. On the other hand, the variations in immobile trace elements indicate that the Hagbong basaltic rocks range from alkaline to calc-alkaline and from WPB/VAB transition to VAB, whereas the Chaeyagsan basaltic rocks are calc-alkaline WPB/VAB transition type and the two others calc-alkaline VAB. In order to show such a variety in their rock series of the volcanic rocks, the environment during their magma generation, magma rising, and post-eruption alteration could be positively considered.