• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.44 no.3 s.140
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• pp.219-223
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• 2005

Torymus geranii was found to be a ectoparasitoid attacking the larvae of Dryocosmus kuriphilus. T. geranii has longevity of a $42.8{\pm}9.8$ days at $20^{\circ}C$ and $26.5{\pm}11.0$ day at $25^{\circ}C$ under conditions supplied with 100% honeydew. Oviposition numbers at 20 and $25^{\circ}C$ were $22.3{\pm}12.5$ and $42.2{\pm}18.4$, respectively. The eggs were oval in shape, measuring $0.56{\pm}0.33$ mm in length. The larvae, $2.94{\pm}0.18mm$ in length, was white and length of male and female pupae were $2.01{\pm}0.18mm$ and $2.73{\pm}0.09mm$, respectively. T. geranii had two generations with overwintering generation emerged on late May to early June at Chunchon, central part of Korea, however showed three generations with overwintering generation emerged on middle May to early June, the first one on late June to early July, and the second one on late July to earlyl August.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 1990

Status of intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections was surveyed in mestizo population living in rural parish of Palmar and its nearby recintos(villages) , Three of the surveyed villages were at the Pacific coast and 5 villages were in inner pasture land, located about 100 km west of Guayaquil, the second largest city in Ecuador. One stool sample was examined by one cellophane thick smear for helminth ova and one direct smear stained with Lugol's iodine solution for protozoan cysts. Of 325 persons examined, 66.1% were positive for any ova or cyst. The positive rates were: 18.1% for Ascaris lumbricoides, 19.4% for Trichuris trichiura, 0.6% for hookworm, 3.7% for Hyntenolepis nana, 1.8% for Taenia sp., 19.4% for Entnmoeba histolytica, 28.6% for Entamoeba coli, 5.5% for Endolimax nasa, 1.5% for ledamoeba buetschlii, 11.l% for eiardia lamblia and 0.6% for Chilomastix mesnili. Poor supply of potable water was considered the main cause of high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.343-348
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• 2012

Developmental period, mummification, pupal mortality, and sex ratio of Korean strain of Aphelinus varipes F$\ddot{o}$rster parasitizing the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae were studied at 20, 25, 30, and $35^{\circ}C$ in controlled climate cabinets. The plastic container with a leaf disc of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) was used as experimental units. Green peach aphids at different developmental stages were reared in four different temperatures and presented to A. varipes for 12 hours. A female adult of A. varipes was allowed to parasitize for 12 hours in each plastic petri dish. The periods from egg to adult of A. varipes were 18.3 days, 14.7 days, 10.4 days, and 9.3 days at $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. The pupal mortalities of A. varipes were 0%, 1.5%, 2.8%, and 10.2% at $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. The mummifications of A. varipes were significantly different in all developmental stages of the aphid. The mummification of A. varipes parasitizing green peach aphid was the highest at 1st and 2nd in $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, but the highest at 3rd (84.4-85.0%) in $30^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$. The host feedings of A. varipes were $20^{\circ}C$ (12.5%), $25^{\circ}C$ (17.3%), $30^{\circ}C$ (16%), and $35^{\circ}C$ (10.9%), respectively. The sex ratios of A. varipes female were $20^{\circ}C$ (49%), $25^{\circ}C$ (46%), $30^{\circ}C$ (69%), and $35^{\circ}C$ (60%), respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.435-445
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• 2008

Due to internal feeding behavior, the oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta ($Guen\acute{e}e$), infesting hot pepper has been regarded to be effectively controlled by targeting egg and neonate larval stages just before entering the fruits. This study aimed to develop an efficient biological control method focusing on these susceptible stages of H. assulta. An egg parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, was confirmed to parasitize the eggs of H. assulta. A mixture of Gram-positive soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, and Gram-negative entomopathogenic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila ANU101, could effectively kill neonate larvae of H. assulta. A sex pheromone trap monitored the occurrence of field H. assulta adults. The microbial insecticide mixture was proved to give no detrimental effects on immature development and adult survival of the wasp by both feeding and contact toxicity tests. A combined treatment of egg parasitoid and microbial pesticide was applied to hot pepper fields infested by H. assulta. The mixture treatment of both biological control agents significantly decreased the fruit damage, which was comparable to the chemical insecticide treatment, though either single biological control agent did not show any significant control efficacy. This study also provides morphological and genetic characters of T. evanescens.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2021

This study investigated the distribution and overwintering of Phanuromyia ricaniae(Hemiptera: Platygastroidea), an egg parasitoid of Ricania sublimata(Hemiptera: Ricaniidea), in order to acquire basic information for biological control. P. ricaniae is distributed in some areas of Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongnam provinces. P. ricaniae is highly prevalent in the southwestern plains, with a tendency to expand to the northeastern area of Korea in line with the dispersal of R. sublimata. The parasitism of P. ricaniae was 1-8% in the field, and the highest in Suncheon, followed by Gurye and Gongju. P. ricaniae overwintered inside the eggs of R. sublimata from September to June of the next year, and transformed into adults in June. The rapid cold-hardiness of P. ricaniae was the highest in the egg state.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.281-286
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• 2007

Two hymenopteran egg parasitoid species, Gryon japonicum (Ashmead) (Scelionidae) and Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii (Encyrtidae), were emerged from eggs of bean bug, Riptortus clavatus Thunberg (Heteroptera: Alydidae). The former parasitoid is first recorded in Korea. Brief morphological and biological characteristics, and parasitism on R. clavatus eggs are described.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 1993

In order to know the enzyme activities of Filbricola seouzenis, an intestinal trematode of human and rodent in Korea. the enzyme histochemical method is applicated. Activities of acid phosphatase (E.C.3.1.3.2) and non-specific esterase (E.C.3.1.1) were present in microvilli and glandular cells of trlbocytic organ and the epithelium of the caecum.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 1985

The infection stasus of the loaches, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, with the metacercariae of Echinostoma hortense, was studied in Korea. A total of 154 loaches purchased at 4 local markets (Seoul, Kimhae, Naju-gun and Kangjin-gun) were examined their infection rate as well as the density and location of the metacercariae in the fish body. The results are as follows: 1. The loaches carrying the metacerariae of E. hortense were 64 (41.6%) in total number and the metacercarial density ranged 1-29 per infected loach with an average value of 8.1. The highest infection rate and metacercarial density were obtained from the loaches purchased at Kangjin-gun, Jeonranam-do. 2. The metacercariae of E. hortense were chiefly distributed in the distal intestinal wall and the adjacent mesentery, the perianal tissues, and the head and gill of the loaches examined. From the results, it is concluded that the loach is one of the important second intermediate hosts of E. hortense in Korea, and their infection rate and metacercarial density are considerably high.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2010

In order to design small printed antenna restricted within narrow area of $30mm{\times}8mm$ for the Zigbee module and improve its return loss, meander slot antenna with a floating conductor as the parastic element has been proposed. The resonant frequency and bandwidth(VSWR${\leq}$2) of the antenna designed and fabricated in the present study is about 2.44GHz and 113MHz respectively. The radiation pattern is almost similar to that of dipole antenna within the operation frequency range. Also the radiation efficiency and gain of the proposed antenna is more than 60% and 2.7dBi respectively. It has been observed that the characteristics the proposed antenna mentioned above satisfy the specification required of the Zigbee application. In order to validate the proposed antenna, some simulated and measured results are presented and compared.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2008

Many kinds of environment friendly agricultural materials (EFAMs) were used for the plant protection, furthermore they support the growth of crops in the greenhouses and the kindly environment friendly farming. Natural enemies might be used for control of insect pest with EFAMs at the same space and time. For testing the toxicity of EFAMs against to natural enemies, 10 EFAMs were selected and tested in small greenhouses and farm's fields. In case of Harmonia axyridis larva, there was no predacious activity against cotton aphids in the block with EFAMMo L, EFAMPE D, EFAMME G and EFAMAE A, otherwise, aphid population was rapidly decreased in the control block without EFAMs. Both of Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Encarsia formosa population were slightly decreased in the block with EFAMs. There were significantly decreased in the block with IEFAM C, FEFAM D, EFAMSM Band EFAMPE D compared with control area. Especially, there was significantly maintained a very low population, both T. vaporariorum and E. formosa in the block with EFAMMo C. The parasitized ratio of Aphidius colemani is also very low in the block with EFAMs compared with control area. In the block with IEFAM C, FEFAM D, EFAMPE D and EFAMMo L, there were significantly different with control area in the number of mummies. Otherwise, in case of Diglyphus isaea and Liriomyza trifolii, there was no significantly different between blocks with and without EFAMs. In the block with EFAMMo C, Tetranychus urticae and Phytoseiulus persimilis populations were significantly maintained a very low level. However, the population of T. urticae was increased, but P. persimilis was decreased in the block with EFAMMo L.