• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.3-9
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• 2015

Under the maximum transmit power constraint and the minimum rate constraint, we propose the optimal number of transmit antennas and transmit power which maximize energy-efficiency (EE) in multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink system with the maximal ratio transmission (MRT) precoding. Because the optimization problem for the instantaneous channel is difficult to solve, we use independence of individual channel, average channel gain and path loss to approximate the objective function. Since the approximated EE optimization problem is two-dimensional search problem, we find the optimal number of transmit antennas and transmit power using Lagrange multipliers and our proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that the number of transmit antennas and power obtained by proposed algorithm are almost identical to the value by the exhaustive search.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.103-108
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• 2023

In this paper, a performance enhancement study of an AESA antenna that can be applied to a seeker that serves as the eye of a missile was conducted, and the performance of the antenna was verified through actual measurement. When designing an AESA antenna, the optimization of the active reflection coefficient must be considered during transmission due to the mutual coupling between radiators that inevitably occurs, and the selection of a radiator that can overcome the space limitation of the seeker with a small size/light weight is an important design consideration. Accordingly, optimization in terms of electrical performance and low-profile structure is required through research on array antennas for application to the AESA structure. The radiator designed and measured in this paper was designed as an SFN that can satisfy the low-profile structure while enhancing the performance of a general vivaldi antenna. Through this paper, it was confirmed that SFN has the same broadband characteristics as general vivaldi antennas and has optimized characteristics required for AESA antennas. The structure optimized through simulation confirmed the pattern characteristics and active reflection coefficient characteristics through the fabrication of actual proto-type antennas.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

We introduce an optimization of the number of base station antennas in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless powered communication network (WPCN). We use channel hardening property of massive MIMO system to approximate channel gain in terms of the number of base station antennas. Then, we find an optimal solution by partial differential and obtain a closed form solution by using Lambert-W function. The simulation results show that the approximation and the method of solving the optimization problem are reasonable, and the optimal solution of proposed scheme is almost identical to the optimal number of base station antennas by the exhaustive search method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.47-52
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• 2012

This paper is in regard to design and experiment about the radar's circular polarization antenna operating in the Ku band. By using the Post to manufacture the circular polarization antenna using the linear antenna, it could reduce the structural size of an antenna. 3 Posts were used in order to broaden the Axial ration Bandwidth of the circular polarization antenna. The distance and length between Posts and Post were appropriately selected for the axial ratio optimization and applied in the design. It was verified that the designed antenna has the impedence bandwidth of 12.7%, axial ratio performance less than 2dB and gain of 7.8dBi.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.354-358
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• 2000

T-모양의 급전구조를 갖는 마이크로스트립 슬롯 안테나는 정합을 쉽게 이룰 수 있고, 대역 폭이 기존의 슬롯을 가로지르는 급전구조에 비하여 넓었다. 본 논문에서는 역 L-형 마이크로스트립 급전구조를 제안하여 FDTD(Finite Difference Time Domain)법으로 해석하여 안테나를 최적화 설계하였다. 슬롯 폭이 16 mm일 때, 전압 정재파비가 2.0 이하인 조건에서 대역폭은 2.3 GHz를 중심으로 약 48 % 정도의 광대역 특성을 얻었다. 제안된 급전구조는 기존의 슬롯 가로지르는 급전구조의 복사 저항보다 매우 낮았다. 또한 역 L-형 급전구조의 대역폭 특성을 기존의 급전구조의 슬롯릇 안테나들과 비교하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.29-34
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• 2014

We introduce a number of antenna optimization problem for the zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) scheme to enhance energy-efficiency (EE) of the multiple-input-multiple-output broadcast channel. For proposed optimization problem, we assume an instantaneous channel gain of the ZFBF scheme as an average channel gain, given by $N_a-K+1$, in order to reduce a computational complexity of finding the number of active antennas $N_a$. Then, we convert a fractional-form objective function into a subtractive-form, and find a solution of $N_a$ and the maximum EE by an iterative process. Simulation results show that the maximum EE value obtained by proposed algorithm is almost identical to the optimal EE value by the exhaustive search method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.2265-2272
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• 2013

In this paper, a dual-band circular ring monopole antenna with stub and ground slot for is proposed WLAN(Wireless Local Area Networks) applications. The proposed antenna is based on a planar monopole design, and composed of one circular ring of radiating patches, and modified feed line, and rectangular slot in the ground plane for dual-band operation. To obtain the optimized parameters, we used the simulator, Ansoft's High Frequency Structure Simulator(HFSS) and found the parameters that effect antenna characteristics. Using the obtained parameters, the antenna is fabricated, and the return loss coefficient, gain, and radiation patterns are determined for WLAN application.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

We have investigated the optimal design of an aperiodic optical phased array (OPA) for use in light detection and ranging applications. Three optimization algorithms - particle-swarm optimization (PSO), a genetic algorithm (GA), and a pattern-search algorithm (PSA) - were employed to obtain the optimal arrangement of optical antennas comprising an OPA. The optimization was performed to obtain the minimal side-lobe level (SLL) of an aperiodic OPA at each steering angle, using the three optimization algorithms. It was found that PSO and GA exhibited similar results for the SLL of the optimized OPA, while the SLL obtained by PSA showed somewhat different features from those obtained by PSO and GA. For an OPA optimized at a steering angle <45°, the SLL value averaged over all steering angles increased as the angle of optimization decreased. However, when the angle of optimization was larger than 45°, low average SLL values of <13 dB were obtained for all three optimization algorithms. This implies that an OPA with high signal quality can be obtained when the arrangement of the optical antennas is optimized at a large steering angle.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.474-483
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• 2000

In this paper, the planar LTS and Vibaldi antenna operating at 28 GHz for LMDS is optimized by finite difference time domain(FDTD) method and then fabricated and measured. We designed LTS and Vivaldi antenna with corrugation structure for reducing sidelobe, then these antenna are optimized by FDTD, and then fabricated and measured. In a results of the measured values, sidelobe level of LTS and Vivaldi antenna with corrugation structure is 4 dB lower than that of LTS and Vivaldi antenna.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.129-132
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• 2022

In this paper, a technique for optimizing the sub-array system structure that can minimize the side lobe level of the phased-array antenna is proposed. Optimization of the proposed array antenna structure is to adjust the spacing between sub-arrays and sub-arrays by using a hexagonal array structure of one sub-array and a hexagonal sub-array for six hexagonal arrays, and thus the entire phased array antenna system of the radiation pattern was optimized. Compared to the 2-dimensional planar antenna system, the proposed technique maintains a gain of 24.3 dBi and a half-power beam-width of 8.46 degrees without change, and only reduces -3.4 dB and -6.5 dB in the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively.