• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.64-70
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• 2017

The concept of Hybrid Safety Injection Tank (Hybrid SIT) proposed by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has been introduced for the purpose of application to the Advanced Power Reactor Plus (APR+). In this study, the SBO situation of the APR+ was analyzed by using the MARS-KS code in order to evaluate whether the operation of the Hybrid SIT has an effect on the cooling performance of the Reactor Coolant System (RCS). According to the analysis, when the actuation valve on the pressure balancing line (PBL) is opened, the Hybrid SIT's pressure rises rapidly, forming equilibrium with the RCS pressure; subsequently, a flow is injected from the Hybrid SIT into the reactor vessel through the direct vessel injection (DVI) line. The analysis showed that it is possible to keep the core temperature below melting temperature during the operation of a Hybrid SIT.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Advanced SITs of the evolutionary PWRs have the advantage that they can passively control the ECC water discharge flow rate. Thus, the LPSI pumps can be eliminated from the safety injection system owing to the benefit of the advanced SITs. In the present study, a passive sealing plate was designed in order to overcome the shortcoming of the advanced SITs, i.e., the early nitrogen discharge through the stand pipe. The operating principle of the sealing plate depends only on the natural phenomena of buoyancy and gravity. The performance of the sealing plate was evaluated using the VAPER test facility, equipped with a full-scale SIT. It was verified that the passive sealing plate effectively prevented the air discharge during the entire duration of the ECC water discharge. Also, the major performance parameters of the advanced SIT were not changed with the installation of the sealing plate.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.72-78
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• 2010

KEPCO는 APR1000 원전을 개발 중에 있다. APR1000은 2루프 1000MWe급의 가압경수로로, 국내에 운영중이고 건설중인 검증된 OPR1000 설계를 기반으로 하고 있다. APR1000은 원전 수요자의 요구에 응하기 위해 안전성, 신뢰성 및 경제성을 설계에 고려하여 개발 중에 있다. APR1000의 대표적인 설계 특성으로는 60년 수명, 0.3g 내진 설계, MMICs, 저온 덮개 원자로(Cold Head Reactor), 안전 주입 탱크 내의 피동형 유량 조절 장치 등이 있다. 본고에서는 APR1000의 설계 요건과 안전 관련 설게 특징을 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2022

In order to verify the durability of the high-pressure hydrogen tank in the operating pressure range, a hydraulic rupture test should be performed. However, if the bubbles generated by the initial injection process of water are attached to the inner wall of the tank and remain, a sudden pressure change of the bubbles during the rupture of the pressurized tank may cause shock and noise. Therefore, in this study, the flow velocity required to remove the bubbles remaining on the inner wall of the tank was predicted through simplified formulas, and the shape of the injection nozzle to maintain the flow velocity was determined based on the shape of the hydrogen tank for the hydrogen bus. In addition, a numerical model was developed to predict the change in flow velocity according to the inlet pressure, and an experiment was performed through a model tank to prove the validity of the prediction result. As a result of the experiment, the flow velocity near the tank wall was similar to the predicted value of the analysis model, and when the inlet pressure was 1.5 to 5.5 bar, the minimum size of the removable bubble was predicted to be about 2.2 to 4.6 mm.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.104-108
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• 2014

The recent Fukushima nuclear power plant accidents shows that the core make up at high RCS pressure condition is very important to prevent core melting. The core make up flow at high pressure condition should be driven by gravity force or passive forces because the AC-powered safety features are not available during a Station Black Out (SBO) accident. The reactor Coolant System (RCS) mass inventory is continuously decreased by releasing steam through the pressurizer safety valves after reactor trip during a SBO accident. The core will be melted down within 2~3 hours without core make up action by active or passive mode. In the new design concept of a Hybrid Safety Injection Tank (Hybrid SIT) both for low and high RCS pressure conditions, the low pressure nitrogen gas serves as a charging pressure for a LBLOCA injection mode, while the PZR high pressure steam provides an equalizing pressure for a high pressure injection mode such as a SBO accident. After the pressure equalizing process by battery driven initiation valve at a high pressure SBO condition, the Hybrid SIT injection water will be passively injected into the reactor downcomer by gravity head. The SBO simulation by MARS code show that the core makeup injection flow through the Hybrid SIT continued up to the SIT empty condition, and the core heatup is delayed as much.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.337-337
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• 2010

하나로 반사체의 수직공 안에 설치된 냉중성자원 시설계통의 수조내기기는 원자로에서 생성되는 열중성자를 약 22K의 감속재로 감속시켜 0.1~10 meV 범위에서 높은 선속을 갖는 냉중성자를 생산한다. 냉중성자를 생산하기 위한 냉중성자원 시설계통의 구성은 감속재인 수소를 포함하고 있는 수소계통, 수소의 외부누출을 방지하기 위한 가스블랭킷계통, 극저온의 액체수소를 생산하기 위한 헬륨냉동계통, 극저온인 액체수소 층을 감속재용기 내에 유지하기 위한 진공계통 등으로 되어있다. 이들 계통 중 진공계통은 냉중성자원 시설계통의 정상운전 시 액체수소 열사이펀, 감속재용기 등의 냉중성자원 극저온 부품의 단열을 위하여 진공용기의 내부 진공도를 공정진공도 이하로 유지하기 위한 계통이다. 정상운전 시 진공계통으로부터 발생되는 배기 가스는 배기 수집탱크에 포집된다. 냉중성자원 시설계통으로부터 발생되는 배기가스는 배기수 집탱크를 통하여 수소의 누출여부를 확인한 후 원자로홀로 배기되도록 되어 있으며, 만일의 경우 탱크내부의 배기가스 수소 농도가 기준치인 3.5%이상일 때는 유입 원을 자동으로 차단하고, 희석용 가스인 고압의 질소를 주입하여 수소의 농도를 기준치 이하로 낮춘 후 원자로 홀로 자동 배출하도록 되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 냉중성자가 생산되는 냉중성자원 시설계통의 운전과정에서 진공계통으로부터 배출되는 배기가스를 배기수집탱크로 포집하고, 이 가스에 대해 수소가스의 농도를 분석하여 원자로 홀로 안전하게 배기할 수 있도록 수행된 수소가스 분석에 대해 기술하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.439-446
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• 1995

원자력 발전소 안전성 향상을 위한 노력으로 현재 안전계통의 단순화및 피동화에 대한 연구가 활발히 지속적으로 수행되고 있다. 개량형 중수로에서는 특수 안전계통의 하나인 비상노심냉각계통의 피동화 및 단순화 방안을 다각적으로 검토한 결과, 비상노심냉각계통의 압력이 열수송계통(Heat Transport System) 압력보다 일정 크기 이상일 때만 파열되는 일방향파열판(One-way Rupture Disc)을 개발하여, 계통에 도입함으로써 전기적인 신호와 힘에 의해 작동되는 밸브 갯수를 크게 줄일 수 있게 되었고 이로 인해 계통의 피동성이 향상되었으며, 계통구성 측면이나 운전 측면에서도 단순화를 이루었다. 또한 물보다 비중이 작고 가스주입 차단 기능이 뛰어난 볼(Floating Ball)을 고압용 비상노심냉각 물탱크 내부에 설치하여 종래의 차단밸브 기능을 수행하게 함으로써 전동식 차단밸브를 제거할 수 있게 되었다.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.425-432
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• 2001

Fluidic valve is adopted in APR1400 to control passively the flow rate of cooling water from the safety injection tank. It is necessary to establish independent evaluation guideline for the flow characteristics of fluidic valve in order to secure safety. Three dimensional numerical model for fluidic valve is developed and numerical results are compared with experimental data obtained at KAERI in order to verify numerical simulation. Also influence of the grid number and the turbulence model were investigated. In addition, variation of flow rate is investigated at various elapsed times after valve operating, and flow characteristics are analyzed at low and high flow rate conditions, respectively.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2014

This study aimed at assessing the analysis capability of thermal-hydraulic computer code, MARS for the behaviors of the core make-up tank (CMT). The sensitivity study on the nodalization to simulate the CMT was conducted, and the MARS calculations were compared with KAIST experimental data and RELAP5/MOD3.3 calculations. The 12-node model was fixed through a nodalization study to investigate the effect of the number of nodes in the CMT (2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-node). The sensitivity studies on various parameters, such as water subcooling of the CMT, steam pressure, and natural circulation flow were done. MARS calculations were reasonable in the injection time and the effects of several parameters on the CMT behaviors even though the mesh-dependency should be properly treated for reactor applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.161-165
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• 2012

It is one of the most important to protect the battery over charging for stable use and to extend the life of battery which occurs with repeated charging and discharging. Various research have been studied to know the state of health, and in this paper the terminal voltage of battery is measured to calculate the state of charge simply. The circuit used comparator is designed and built not to fall under the specific voltage of battery. The designed circuit board is attached to the automatic water sanitizer device with a solar power system. The system is located in the water tank where there is not water and electric service, and confirmed that the state of working is good.