• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.39-47
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• 2021

As domestic construction companies, which used to be concentrated in the Middle East, have expanded their overseas orders to new markets in Asia and Latin America, they have to cope with various conditions. The EPC plant project, which undertakes construction projects such as civil engineering and construction, design, purchase, construction and commissioning, has expanded its scope. As a result, it is important to collect Lessons Learned from the previous project, systematize it, and use it to respond to changes in the environment. However, many employees do not share their skills or experiences voluntarily. To do so, it is necessary to create and systematize a culture that shares experience and technology. In order to understand and analyze the current situation, a questionnaire was conducted on the EPC project-related departments of construction companies implementing the EPC plant project. About 74% of the participants said Lessons Learned's collection and utilization helped. About 53% of the people who collected and registered actual cases and 39% of the people who had experience in preventing problems using cases were identified as employees' perception and utilization of Lessons Learned systems. Detailed analysis showed differences in workplace, duties, and rank. Through this study, the current status of Lessons Learned collection and utilization of EPC plant projects is understood, and the research on collection and utilization improvement is being carried out.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.23-30
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• 2019

The development of content for language education using AR/VR technology is a necessary task to be pursued in line with commercialization of 5G. Research on service platform for systematic management and service is currently being carried out by global companies competitively, The unique language education service model for unique areas of culture has the right to pursue R & D jointly with Korea and China. In this study, we applied the developed "Korean language education service platform for Chinese people based on e-learning" to improve the acceptance of AR/VR contents and applied AR/VR technology to video-based language education contents. And to present a new paradigm of language education. Contents development is to develop AR-based vocabulary learning services, develop experiential learning contents for VR-based step-by-step situations, and gradually develop contents to enable beginner / intermediate / advanced language education services. The service platform enables management of learning management and learning contents, and complies with metadata attributes to complete a platform capable of accommodating large capacity AR/VR contents. In the future, systematic research will be carried out in order to develop as a portal for educational services through development of various contents using mixed reality technology.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.138-146
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of usage motivation of SNS emoticons in Northeast Asian culture regions, with the strong influence of normative society and to interpret these characteristics based on traditional humanistic thought. Since the mainstream SNS of each country is different, this study focused on China's WeChat. For the research, we found 38 motivations for the use of emoticons through literature research and interviews with 21 users, and we surveyed 209 participants for usage motivation. The results were as follows: First, six factors were derived from the motivation for use of emoticons, these factors were named emotional expressions, aesthetics, usability, impression management, entertainment, and sense of collectivism. Second, we explained how the ideas of 'Hwa(和)' and 'Ye(禮)' appeared in the use of emoticons, focusing on 'Impression management' and 'Sense of collectivism' among the motives of using emoticons. Hwa(和) is interpreted as a factor of 'sense of collectivism' which intends to strengthen the feeling of belonging in the chat room using emoticons and actively emphasize oneself and to be well integrated in the communication process. Ye (禮) is interpreted as a factor of 'impression management' which forms and maintains a better relationship with the moral code of ethics.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.117-142
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• 2020

This study aims to look for the main transport road of the ancient Silk Road and to add to the hidden history of silk, where little is known about the weaving technology of the beautiful silk of GoJoseon. The research was through the analysis of relics of empirical data and analyzed the secondary data collected from books, papers, and photos of artifacts. The research questions are as follows: First, investigates the environment of silk production for GoJoseon KyungGeum and the correlation between ancient Silk Road and the East region. Second, examines the advanced weaving technology of KyungGeum in GoJoseon. The findings of the study are as follows: It is possible to infer the production period of silk in GoJoseon through jade silkworms from the Hongsan Dong-Yi culture of 4500 BC. KyungGeum pieces were excavated in Louran, Astana and Niya of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region and Noin-Ula of Mongolia, and the oldest KyungGeum was found in JoYang, one of the capitals of GoJoseon near Balhae Bay. KyungGeum was invented in the 11th century BCE here. It became the brocade and damask of the West, which were delivered through steppe road before the 5~6th century BCE. The production of KyungGeum was possible through the advanced loom which is GoJoseon's horizontal square 'Jewharu' loom combined with a high level of weaving skill. This can't be made through the slant loom of China nor vertical loom of the West Asia. Based on these results, it is suggested to continue the research on the history of ancient silkroad.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.225-232
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• 2020

In This paper examines how "Kamishibai" was used for ideological education of children during the war. "Kamishibai" was proposed by the Ministry of Education as a methodology to "cultivate children's right concentricity. In particular, , which was produced based on a true story, highlights the father's love sent to children by obtaining chocolate wrappers from comrades, and the children's envy for chocolate. Kazuo's interview, saying, "I will succeed my father," showed that he has a continuous personality that comes with another sacrifice. After the Sino-Japanese War, the war situation intensified, and in 1940, a new edict decided to enact the "Army Support Corps". This is a measure to select eligible youth applicants from 15 to 17 years of age, after training for 4 years, and then appoint them to aviation soldiers and sergeants. This is a legal maintenance that can be put into the battlefield at any time according to the trend of the war. Just as Kazuo, a real character in "Chocolate and Soldiers", also became a "boy flight soldier" after his father's death, flying airplanes to boys at the time was also a dream that Japan's great citizens should have. In the , it is suggested that "the father enshrined in Yasukuni" is a great person, and that "I" will also grow and become a "good citizen". In particular, the two brothers in the work show the value of eternal sacrifices in Yasukuni as a typical model of the "great people".

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.53-82
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• 2018

The $14^{th}$ general election which should be held by August 2018 has been a dominant factor for Malaysian politics, economy, social changes and foreign policy in 2017. UMNO, the dominant party within the ruling governmental coalition, has focused on securing Malay support, voters which made them to sought political cooperation with PAS, Malaysia's Islamist opposition party. A consequent event followed by the strategic ties between the two parties is the rise of political Islam in Malaysia though PAS' 'Islamization' or 'desecularization' has never been adopted by UMNO. The rise of political Islam and Malay support have become the most important factor for the next election, which increasingly enhanced the role of 3R of Malaysia politics; Race, Religion, and Royalty. The Pakatan Harapan (PH), the newly formed opposition coalition without PAS, has elected Mahathir Mohamad, the former Prime Minister, as its candidate for prime minister. Malaysian economy and foreign policy seem to be subordinated to politics. Stabilizing ringgit and restoring economic growth enabled the Najib's government to reveal 'election budget' for 2018. Najib has spoken out Islam-related international issues including the Rohingya crisis and Jerusalem issue. It is to some extent the extension of domestic politics. The rise of political Islam will be a highly influential not only in the coming election but in the political and social development in the aftermath of the election.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.115-159
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• 2018

This paper situates 63 provinces of Vietnam on a two-dimensional governance space, according to their levels of both economic and political governance, and systematically explains the two-dimensional distribution of provincial governance. It presents three sets of explanatory factors: the amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) that each province has attracted, the combination of provincial urbanization and population density, and the North Central Coast region factor. Provinces that score high in both economic and political governance tend to have received a good amount of FDI and to be highly urbanized and densely populated whereas provinces that score low in both governance dimensions tend to have the opposite characteristics. Provinces that are high in economic governance but low in political governance are those that have received the greatest amount of FDI and tend to be highly urbanized yet relatively sparsely populated. Provinces that are high in political governance but low in economic governance are characterized by a relatively small amount of FDI, low urbanization, and high population density. Finally, provinces in the North Central Coast region tend to score very high in political governance.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.91-118
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• 2016

As all are aware, the results of the Malaysia 12th General Election (GE-12) in 2008 have surprised many. Not only the dominant parties Barisan Nasional (BN) were shocked by the loss of significant numbers of seats but for the first time in the history of Malaysia politics, vis-${\grave{a}}$-vis, electoral affairs, they were denied a two-thirds majority in the Parliament. Notwithstanding the opposition parties such as Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS), Democratic Action Party (DAP) and Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR: The People's Justice Party) that form the opposition coalition called Pakatan Rakyat (People's Alliance: PR), has come to a surprised with the GE-12 result, in which they not even think that were able to challenge hegemonic politics of BN, managed to capture and formed a government at the state level namely Kedah, Penang, Perak, and Selangor, except Kelantan which has been under the control of PAS since the 1990 general election. This article aims to analyze whether Sabah as a "fixed deposit"state is still relevant in understanding the continuity and survival of the BN political hegemony in the context of Malaysia political developments post-13th general election.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2022

Since the discovery of the inscriptions engraved with the "Chinese characters of Empress Wu(則天文字)" at 251 and 256-1, Seonjin-ri, Sacheon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do in 2003, researchers from the Gyeongnam Institute of Cultural Properties, Kwak Seung-Hoon, and Kim Chang-Gyeom have attempted to read and interpret the inscriptions. However, there are still different theories as to the origin of the "Chinese characters of Empress Wu" appearing in the inscriptions and the use of Idu(吏讀)-type notation. This study aims to clarify, this inscription was erected by the king of Silla in the late 7th and mid-8th centuries to commemorate his participation in the Sacheon and Jinju patrols and Buddhist activities, and it is revealed that the main character of the inscription is likely to be King Seongdeok who has visited southern countries. In addition, in the case of "上了言", which has been interpreted as a human name, it should be understood as an Idu-type notation or a 變體漢文 because of the use of the proposition 了, and it should be interpreted as a character that means the end of a specific act. Although it is not a religious text like 『Mugujeonggwangdaedaranigyeong (The Great Dharani Sutra)』, the reason why the "Chinese characters of Empress Wu(則天文字)" was used is that in the process of accepting the Huayan school, the royal family of Silla came into contact with the Buddhist scriptures of the period of the Empress Wu, which is closely related to the rise of the Huayan school in the Middle Ages, and it appears to have learned and used in this process.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-94
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• 2010

Even Faxian(法顯)'s Gaosengfaxianchuan (『高僧法顯傳』) and Iching(義淨)'s Nanhaijiguineifachuan (『南海寄歸內法傳』) are regarded as very important and useful documents to study the southeast asian buddhist culture, it is very difficult to grasp the contemporary state of those area because their descriptions are very brief and implicit. Therefore this essay aimed an in-depth reading their documents as original texts of modern understanding of those area, and tried to make a new views to approach the southeast asian buddhist culture by some more historically and concretely. At the early 5th century when Faxian(法顯) arrived, Buddhism was flourished in Sri Lanka. Because already a long time passed since the Saṇgha was schismatized into conservative and progressive at around the dominical year, he mentioned nothing about the conflict or disharmony of two orders. And the faith of Buddha tooth relic, which had been uprisen at 50 years ago from Faxian's visiting, was concretely established as a representative religion of Sri Lanka. According to his record, the carrying ritual of this Buddha tooth was performed very magnificently as similar with recent Korean Youngsan ceremony(靈山齋). In the mean time, it looks there were many sculptures of Buddha image made of precious stone of special product from Sri Lanka. The faith of Buddha-pāda(the Buddha's foot-prints) was also generalized at that time. The most famous monk of his contemporary Sir Lanka was Buddhaghosa, the author of Visuddhi-magga, but it is not sure that Faxian had met him. It can be suspected that the funeral in which Faxian participated could be belonged to him, or the Visuddhi-magga was writing at the peak during Faxian's staying. On the way to return to China, Faxian embarked an indigenous ship around Indonesia. It means there were no chinese trade ship which he can use. So the trade between china and southeast asia was advanced by south asian ships, and the chinese ships were not yet joined at that time so activity. And at least until that time, it looks there were no any remarkable buddhist movement in the southeast asian countries by where he stopped. In contrast, the southeast asian world which be seen by Iching had already experienced a lot of changes. He was impressed by the high quality buddhist culture of those area, and insisted to accept it to china. Further, he analyzed the sects of buddhism which were prevalent around the southeast asia in his contemporary time, and tried to make a good relationship with each native monks for learning from them. It looks the center of those exchanges may be Śrīvijaya of Indonesia. He also mentioned the situation of the late 7th century's Funan(扶南) in Cambodia. At that time, the buddhist Saṇgha was oppressed by newly rising Khmer(眞臘). On the other hand, he described the points of sameness and difference in detail between Indian and southeast asian buddhist culture in the field of ritual as like the practical use of garments, buddha images, and daily recited scriptures. There must be a lot of another aspects which this essay couldn't gather up or catch from these documents. Nevertheless, I hope this essay can help the researchers of this field and will wait for any advices and comments from them.