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A Study on the Ideology Education of Children during the Asian Pacific War

아시아태평양전쟁기 아동의 사상교육에 관한 연구

  • Kwon, Hee-Ju (KU China Institute, Konkuk University) ;
  • Sung, Yun-A (Division of Korean-Japanese Cultural Contents, Sangmyung University)
  • 권희주 (건국대학교 KU중국연구원) ;
  • 성윤아 (상명대학교 한일문화콘텐츠학과)
  • Received : 2020.11.03
  • Accepted : 2020.12.20
  • Published : 2020.12.28

Abstract

In This paper examines how "Kamishibai" was used for ideological education of children during the war. "Kamishibai" was proposed by the Ministry of Education as a methodology to "cultivate children's right concentricity. In particular, , which was produced based on a true story, highlights the father's love sent to children by obtaining chocolate wrappers from comrades, and the children's envy for chocolate. Kazuo's interview, saying, "I will succeed my father," showed that he has a continuous personality that comes with another sacrifice. After the Sino-Japanese War, the war situation intensified, and in 1940, a new edict decided to enact the "Army Support Corps". This is a measure to select eligible youth applicants from 15 to 17 years of age, after training for 4 years, and then appoint them to aviation soldiers and sergeants. This is a legal maintenance that can be put into the battlefield at any time according to the trend of the war. Just as Kazuo, a real character in "Chocolate and Soldiers", also became a "boy flight soldier" after his father's death, flying airplanes to boys at the time was also a dream that Japan's great citizens should have. In the , it is suggested that "the father enshrined in Yasukuni" is a great person, and that "I" will also grow and become a "good citizen". In particular, the two brothers in the work show the value of eternal sacrifices in Yasukuni as a typical model of the "great people".

본 논문은 중일전쟁 이후, 아동의 사상교육에 이용된 '가미시바이'의 특성을 살피는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 논문에서는 실화를 바탕으로 제작되어 다양한 미디어로 재생산된 <초콜릿과 병대>, 그리고 소년비행병을 주제로 한 <창공의 아이> 두 작품을 대상으로 전쟁이 아동의 일상에 스며드는 과정을 고찰하였다. <초콜릿과 병대>는 전쟁이라는 비참한 실상을 있는 그대로 비추기보다 아이들에 대한 아버지의 사랑, 아이들의 초콜릿에 대한 선망을 부각시켜 초콜릿과 병대를 아이들의 꿈으로 등가화시켰다고 할 수 있다. 또 "아버지의 뒤를 잇겠다."는 아들의 발언은 아버지의 희생이 일회적 성격이 아닌 다른 희생으로 이어지는 연속적인 성격을 나타낸다. 전황이 격심해지자 1940년 일본은 '육군지원병령'을 제정한다. 이는 15세 이상 17세 미만의 교육생도 '소년비행병'으로 채용, 바로 현역대우를 받게 한 조치이다. 일본교육 가미시바이협회에서 제작한 <창공의 아이>도 야스쿠니에 모셔졌기에 '나'의 아버지는 훌륭하며, '나'도 성장해 '훌륭한 국민'이 된다는 미래를 제시하여 소년비행병으로의 참전을 유도한 것으로 파악할 수 있다. 당시 소년들에게 비행기를 조종한다는 것은 일본의 훌륭한 국민으로서 당연히 가져야할, 또 부여된 꿈이기도 했다.

Keywords

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