• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.101-111
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• 2012

Soybean cyst nematode(SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) causes the greatest yield loss to soybean compared to any other pest worldwide. Yield loss due to SCN is estimated 7.6 million megagrams in the USA and nearly 9 million worldwide. SCN causes yield reductions by feeding on plant nutrients, retarding root growth, and inhibiting Bradyrhizpbium japonicum(Kirchner) Buchanan nodulation. The primary methods for controlling SCN include planting resistant cultivars and rotation with nonhost crops. Genetically diverse field populations of SCN combined with the limited germplasm base of commercial soybean for resistance could potentially leads to population shifts over time, and this makes controlling H. glycines more difficult. This paper reviewed the importance of soybean, soybean cyst nematode, researches on resistance to SCN, and prospects. Tremendous effort must still be endeavored for elucidating resistance mechanisms and managing H. glycines in the soybean field.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2013

Thirteen soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines) populations collected in Korea were examined in their HG type by their reproductivity on 7 Plant Introduction indicators for the identification of HG type. Six HG types were identified, HG type 0, 2, 5, 2.5, 1.2.7, and 2.5.7. HG type 2.5 was the most frequent (4 samples, 30.8%), followed by HG type 2.5.7 (3 samples, 23.0%). About 76.9% of SCN populations were reproduced on PI 88788, followed by PI 209332 (61.5%), PI 548316 ('Cloud') (30.8%), and PI 548402 ('Peking') (7.7%). No population could reproduce on PI 90763, PI 437654, thus, they could be used for resistant source for developing SCN resistant soybean in Korea.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.216-219
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• 2013

A total of 75 soybean cultivars developed in Korea was screened against soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines HG type 2.5. Cysts developed on soybean cultivars ranged from 104 to 624 cysts per pot. There was no resistant cultivar but 'Jangyeopkong', 'Saealkong', 'Miryangkong', and 'Mansukong' were moderately resistant; 33 cultivars were moderately susceptible and the other cultivars were susceptible. 'Jangyeopkong', 'Saealkong', 'Miryangkong', and 'Mansukong' could be recommended for soybean fields infested with SCN until developing SCN resistant soybean.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2019

Clover cyst nematode, Heterodera trifolii are one of the major pests that damage Chinese cabbage in high land cultivation area and have recently been distributed in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of temperature and inoculation density on the proliferation of clover cyst nematode. The clover cyst nematode was proliferated at $15-30^{\circ}C$ and the egg, female adult and cyst number was the highest at $20^{\circ}C$. As the inoculation density increased, the number of female cyst nematodes increased with the inoculation density and when 16 eggs were inoculated per gram of soil, the amount of growth, number of egg and cyst was the highest. Number of females and eggs were formed more in cabbage than in kale regardless of inoculation density. Chinese cabbage was a favorable host for clover cyst nematode growth than kale.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.249-253
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• 1999

To study races of Heterodera glycines in Korea, 21 soil samples were collected from eight provinces in 1995. Four races were found; race 3(48%) was a dominant race flowed by race 5(24%), race 1(19%), and race 6(9%). About 30~40% of H. glycines populations reproduced on Pickett and PI88788, while non reproduced on Peking or PI90763. Development of resistant soybean cultivar targeting to race 5 and 6 of H. glycines using PI90763 and PI88788 as a parent is recommended.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.339-345
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• 2018

The sugar beet cyst nematode (SBCN), Heterodera schachtii first detected in Taebaek, Gangwon-do in 2011, is one of the major plant parasitic nematodes that cause economic damage to the Chinese cabbage in highland regions. In addition, the distribution of clover cyst nematode (CCN), H. trifolii was confirmed in the highland Chinese cabbage cultivated regions in 2017. In order to investigate the spread of cyst nematodes, this study has been conducted since 2013 in the highland Chinese cabbage cultivation area. In addition, in 2017, the Real-Time PCR technique with the species-specific primer was used to investigate those two cyst nematodes and the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), H. glycines which is known for its distribution in Korea, focusing on the main production regions of highland Chinese cabbage cultivation. The number of infected fields in the Chinese cabbage plantation in highland increased every year to confirm distribution in Taebaek, Samcheok, Jeongseon and Gangneung in 2017, and the cumulative number of infection fields reached 245 by 2017. Of the 41 possible cyst nematode samples for PCR analysis, 61% were CCN, only 9.8% of the SBCN and 29.3% of the SCN were identified. Therefore, some of the previously known SBCN or CCN discoveries are likely to have been infected with SCN. It is believed that the CCN needs to be controlled in the future as CCN have been found to be dominant species in the highland Chinese cabbage plantation regions.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.459-463
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the plant-parasitic nematodes of ornamental foliage plants, citrus orchards, and tea plantations from July to December 2022. As a result of the investigation of plant-parasitic nematodes in 415 foliage plants, root-lesion nematodes were detected most frequently, followed by root-knot nematodes, pin nematodes, and other nematodes. In tea plantations, spiral nematodes, cyst nematodes, and root-knot nematodes were detected. Citrus nematodes, ring nematodes, and root-knot nematodes were discovered in citrus orchards. In foliage plants, tea plantations, and citrus orchards, the detection rate of plant-parasitic nematodes was not high, but root-lesion nematodes were detected. Therefore, it is necessary to apply appropriate control methods to manage root-lesion nematodes during the cultivation of foliage, tea, and citrus plants.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.1 s.42
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• pp.31-34
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• 1980

In pot experiment, relations between soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, and growth and yield of soybean were followed. Soybean growth and nodule development in plots which inoculated more than 16 cysts were reduced greatly from two month after inoculation. Tolerance limit was about 20 cysts per 500g of soil at seeding period. There was $60\%$ loss of grain yield 낀hen nematode population was 1 cyst/g of soil at seeding period. Reproduction of soybean cyst :nematode was good when initial population had been low. So, the final population was no difference depend on inoculation density.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.361-369
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the effects of nematicidal materials (Burkholderia rinojensis, fluazaindolizine, fluopyram, fosthiazate, hydrogen peroxide, and imicyafos) on eggs and larvae of the sugar beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii and clover cyst nematode, H. trifolii, which have recently become problematic in highland Chinese cabbage cultivation areas in Korea. Comparison of the hatching rates according to the test materials showed differences between treatments. In the treatment with fluopyram, fosthiazate, and imicyafos, a very high hatching inhibitory effect of 99% was observed in both nematodes, and there was no difference in the efficacy of treatments between nematode species except for that with hydrogen peroxide. Regarding the nematocidal activity of treatments against hatched larvae, only the fluazaindolizine treatment, despite showing a high hatching inhibitory effect, showed a low nematicidal effect of less than 30% against both nematodes, whereas a mortality rate of more than 90% was observed in the other treatments. There was no difference between nematode species in the reactions of the 2nd instar juveniles to all nematicidal test materials after 24 and 48 h of treatment. Although there are limitations to the laboratory experiment, the reaction to the nematicidal materials of the two cyst nematodes that damage the same host was similar, and simultaneous control is suggested in the areas where the two nematodes occur together.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.329-335
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• 2021

Chinese cabbage fields have been damaged by cyst nematodes in highland of Gangwon province in Korea since the year 2011, and clover cyst nematode (CCN) is one of the most problematic cyst nematodes in the crop. To investigate the plant resources for breeding new Chinese cabbage cultivar, which is resistant to CCN, screening for resistance of fifty-seven Brassicaceae plant resources to CCN was conducted. Among the plant resources, fifty-four plant resources (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis, B. rapa, Brassica sp., B. juncea, B. carinata, B. rapa subsp. nipposinica, B. rapa subsp. narinosa, B. rapa var. perviridis, B. rapa var. perviridis, B. napus var. napobrassica, and Eruca sativa) were very susceptible to CCN and the number of females on roots was more than 300. Two plant resources (B. carinata and B. tournefortii) with more than 100 females on roots were susceptible to CCN. However, African mustard (B. tournefortii, Korean Genebank accession no. IT218058) was resistant to CCN because of the small number of females (4±1.8) on roots. This study showed that African mustard (IT218058) was valuable as a breeding material for Chinese cabbage, which is resistant to CCN.