• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.209-214
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• 2005

수위, 우량, 유량, 유사량 등 수문자료중에서 유량자료는 가장 많은 쓰임새를 갖고 있음에도 불구하고 신뢰도가 낮은 이유로 인해 많은 문제점을 안고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이렇게 유량측정자료의 신뢰도가 낮은 이유는 크게 5가지로 들 수 있는데 1)측정 수행자의 잦은 교체 등에 따른 조사역량 부족, 2)수행자별 유량측정 및 분석방법 상이, 3)장비의 유속검정 등 관리미흡 및 성능 저하, 4)유량측정 상당시간 경과후 유량측정성과 정리로 오류 수정 곤란, 5)유량측정성과의 체계적인 관리 미흡 등이다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하고 현장에서의 유량측정 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위하여 (주)웹솔루스에서는 한국수자원공사의 용역을 통해 현장의 유량 측정 결과를 PDA를 이용하여 기록하고 이를 실시간으로 중앙의 서버로 전송하여 과거 자료의 분석을 통해 측정자료의 신뢰도를 검증함으로써 신뢰성 있는 유량측정자료를 측정하도록 지원하는 유량측정 신뢰도 향상 시스템을 개발하였고, 한국수자원공사와 공동으로 두개의 특허출원을 하였다(특허출원: 10-2002-0049188, 10-2005-11550). 현재 이 시스템은 2002년 8월 착수를 시작으로 9개월이 지난 2003년 3월에 시험판의 개발을 완료하고, 용담댐 유역의 주천교 등 5개 지점에 시험 적용하면서 많은 개선과 보완을 거쳐 2005년 현재에는 한국수자원공사에서 운영하고 있는 13개의 댐과 1개의 국가하천에 대하여 총 59개의 관측지점에서 활용되고 있으며, 현재(2005. 2월 기준)까지 1,660여건 이상의 전자야장이 데이터베이스에 구축되었으며, 유량측정성과 DB는 웹시스템(http://river.kowaco.or.kr)을 통해 운영되고 있다. 본 시스템 도입을 통해 유량측정성과가 체계적으로 관리되고 있으며, 향후 시스템에 대한 지속적인 유지관리가 이루어진다면 오랜기간에 걸쳐 축적된 많은 양의 유량자료는 수자원관리에 큰 역할을 수행할 수 있을것으로 판단된다. 개발계획 및 유역의 특성 등을 조사하고, 시험유역의 선정기준을 수립하여 연구의 목적과 부합되는 지구를 시험유역으로 선정하였으며 선정된 시험유역에 대하여 수문$\cdot$수질 조사 계획을 수립하고, 계측시설을 설치하여 시험운영을 실시하고, 향후 시험유역의 수문계측 및 관리방안을 수립하고자 한다.1종이었다. 이 중 한국 고유종은 11종이었고, 외래 어종은 검정우럭과 2종이 조사되었으며, Zacco platypus(피라미), Zacco temmincki(갈겨니), Acheilongnathus koreanus(칼납자루), Odontobutis platycephala(동사리), Coreoleuciscus splendidus(쉬리) 순으로 분포하고 있었고, Acheilognathus signifer(묵납자루)는 댐 건설 전에는 많이 분포하였으나 현장조사에서 서식을 확인 할 수 언어 개체수의 큰 감소내지 멸종된 것으로 추정되었다.에서 동시에 시행하였다. 수술 후 1년 내 시행한 심초음파에서 모든 환아에서 단지 경등도 이하의 승모판 폐쇄 부전 소견을 보였다. 수술 후 조기 사망은 없었으며, 합병증으로는 유미흉이 한 명에서 있었다. 술 후 10개월째 허혈성 확장성 심근증이 호전되지 않아 Dor 술식을 시행한 후 사망한 예를 제외한 나머지 6명은 특이 증상 없이 정상 생활 중이다 결론: 좌관상동맥 페동맥이상 기시증은 드물기는 하나, 영유아기에 심근경색 및 허혈성 심근증 또는 선천성 승모판 폐쇄 부전등을 초래하는 심각한 선천성 심질환이다. 그러나 진단 즉시 직접 좌관상동맥-대동맥 이식술로 수술적 교정을 해줌으로써 좋은 성적을 기대할 수 있음을 보여주었다.특히 교사들이 중요하게 인식하는 해방적 행동에 대한 목표를 강조하여 적용할 필요가 있음을 시사하고 있다.교하여 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 HSP 환자군에서도 $IL1RN^{*}2$ allele 빈도와 carria

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.808-817
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• 2006

Although the generally used the velocity index of doppler effect is a very significant factor in the functional evaluation of the left ventricle, it depends on the subjective evaluation of an inspector. The objective data of the motility can be obtained from the gated myocardial SPECT images by quantitative analysis. However, it is difficult to image visual of the velocity of the motion. The aim of our study is to develop a new method for the imaging velocity using the gated myocardial SPECT images and use it as an evaluation index for analyzing motility. First we visualized left ventricle into 3 dimensions using the coordinates of the points which were obtained through a segmentation of myocardium. Each point was represented by the different colors, according to the velocity of each point. We performed a validation study using 7 normal subjects and 15 myocardial infarction patients. To analyze motility, we used the average of the moved distance and the velocity. In normal cases, the average of the moved distance was 4.3mm and the average of the velocity was 11.9mm. In patient cases, the average of the moved distance was 3.9mm and the average of the velocity was 10.5mm. These results show that the motility of normal subjects is higher than the abnormal subjects. We expect that our proposed method could become a way to improve the accuracy and reproducibility for the functional evaluation of myocardial wall.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.303-306
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• 2002

Patients with severe Ebstein's anomaly showing in the neonatal period, represent progressive cardiac enlargement with pulmonary hypoplasia and functional pulmonary atresia with patent ductus alteriosus-dependent pulmonary circulation. Biventricular repair in these patients had been mostly unsuccessful except for Starnes' procedure that converts the anatomy to single ventricle physiology for Fontan procedure. A 4-days old male was admitted with the diagnosis of severe Ebstein's anomaly with anatomic pulmonary atresia and severe cardiac enlargement. He successfully underwent biventricular repair with vertical plication method of atrialized right ventricle, tricupid annuloplasty, transannular right ventricular outflow tract reconstrulltion, atrial septal defect patch closure with fenestration, and right atrial reduction angioplasty Postoperatively, cardiothoracic ratio was significantly reduced and mild tricuspid regurgitation was remnant in echocardiography. The patient is currently 10 months old and is fully active without restrictions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1004-1008
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• 1998

We report a case of heart-lung transplantation in a 32 year-old female with Eisenmenger syndrome secondary to patent ductus arteriosus. She has been suffered from congestive heart failure since June 1996 and repeatedly treated at Intensive Care Unit with intravenous inotropic support since July 1997. Preoperative echocardiography showed a patent ductus arteriosus with right to left shunt, severe regurgitation of tricuspid valve and estimated right ventricular systolic pressure of 100mmHg. The brain-dead donor was an 18 year-old male with head trauma from traffic accident 3 days ago. Heart-lung block procurement was performed at another general hospital and was transported to the Seoul National University Hospital by ambulance. Total ischemic time of the transplanted heart and lung were 249 minutes and 270 minutes, respectively. The immunosuppressive therapy was commenced preoperatively with cyclosporine and azathioprine. Corticosteroid was not used until postoperative 3 weeks in order to avoid infection and delayed healing at the tracheal anastomotic site. The patient was discharged at 31st postoperative day, and has been regularly followed up at outpatient clinic without specific complication. The follow-up bronchoscopy, performed 2 weeks and 4 months after surgery, revealed no evidence of cellular rejection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1056-1062
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• 1998

Background: We prospectively investigated types, incidences, and risk factors for arrhythmias after open heart surgery in adults. Materials and methods: From June 1994 to May 1995, we performed 302 cases of adult cardiac surgery at our department. This study group consisted of 150 men and 152 women, with a mean age of 43.9±28.0(range 16 to 75)years. We included all the patients irrespective of their operative types or disease entities. Results: The overall incidence of arrhythmias after open heart surgery in adults was 58.3%. The incidence of postoperative arrhythmias for redo-valvular heart surgery was 77.8%, and those for simple valvular procedure, coronary artery bypass surgery, aortic surgery, and congenital heart disease were 70.8%, 45.3%, 40.0%, and 29.5%, respectively. Eight out of twelve risk factors showed statistical significance for the development of postoperative arrhythmias. They were preoperative history of arrhythmias, antiarrhythmic drug medication, previous cardiac surgery, larger left ventricular end-diastolic, end-systolic dimension, left atrial dimension on preoperative echocardiogram, longer cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross clamping time. Univariated analyses for age and types of cardioplegic solution did not show statistical significance. Conclusions: Prospective study on postoperative arrhythmias occurrence, treatment and prevention of is warrauted to draw more clear conclusion.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.500-504
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• 2003

Purpose : To assess the clinical features and laboratory findings in Kawasaki patients with nonresponsibility to the acute antiinflammatory treatment, and identify the risk factors for the nonresponsibility, we reviewed the medical records of patients with Kawasaki disease. Methods : A retrospective study of 177 patients with Kawasaki disease at Wonkwang University Medical Center from June, 1997 to June, 2002, was performed. High dose intravenous immune globulin(IVIG) and aspirin were all used for the initial acute antiinflammatory treatment. Two groups, group A(n=19) of initial nonresponders and group B(n=158) of initial responders were compared clinically and laboratorically. Results : Nineteen(10.7%) of 177 patients hardly responded to the initial antiinflammatory treatment. Patients with failure to respond to initial treatment(group A) did not differ from the control group in terms of age, sex, WBC count, coronary abnormalities, and evidence of pyuria. Compared with initial responders(group B), the patients who were retreated(group A) had a significantly shorter feveradmission interval(P=0.041), and a higher level of both AST/ALT(P=0.011) and ASO titier(P=0.000). Conclusion : Among Kawasaki disease patients studied, retreatment group with initial nonresponders had significantly shorter fever-admission interval, and higher both AST/ALT level and ASO titer, than the initial response group.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 1998

From February 1996 to May 1997, 18 patients underwent mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation. There were 9 male and 9 female patients aged from 19 to 68 years(mean, 53). Thirteen patients were in New York Heart Association(NYHA) class III and IV. The cause of mitral regurgitation was degenerative in 12 patients, rheumatic in 5 patients and infective in 1 patient. Fifteen patients were in Carpentier's functional classification II, 2 patients in Carpentier's class III and 1 patient in Carpentier's class I. Surgical procedures included prosthetic ring annuloplasty(16 cases), rectangular resection of posterior leaflet(15 cases), chordal shortening(5 cases), triangular resection of anterior leaflet(2 cases), commissurotomy(2 cases), partial transposition of posterior leaflet(1 case). These procedures were combined in most patients. There was no operative death. These patients have been followed from 1 to 15 months, mean of 6.7 months. There was one late death resulted from low cardiac output following mitral valve replacement. The function of the repaired valve in other 17 patients has remained satisfactory during the observed interval. We consider that mitral valve repair is highly satisfactory in patients with mitral regurgitation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 1996

Between May 1991 and September 1995, 7 patients underwent surgical repair of ventricular septal defect (VSD) complicated with myocardial infarction in Asan Medical Center. The patients included two male and five female. The ages of patients were ranged from 54 years to 76 years with a mean of 65 years. The sites of postinfarction ventricular septal defect were consist of anterior septal defect in 6 patients and anteroposterior septal defect in 1 patient. Preoperative 2D-echocardiography & angiography were performed in all patients in order to measure ventricular function and evaluate the extent of coronary artery disease. The operations were delayed till mean 24 $\pm$ 12days after myocardial infarction. All patients underwent infarctectomy and Teflon patch closures through the area of the left ventricle infarction or aneurysm in the anterior or apical aspect of postinfarction ventricular septal defect. The ventricular septal defect repaired simultaneously with coronary artery b pass graft in 3 patients, with ventricular aneurysmectomy in 5 patients, and with left ventricular thrombectomy in 1 patient. Patch fixation in the left side of interventricular septum by tracts-septal interrupted pledget suture reduced the recurrence rate of VSD. There were 2 postoperative complications : One with pneumonia, 1 patient with the skin necrosis of left thigh. There was ilo early death. The 6 patients except for one emigrant were followed up postoperatively between 3 and 63 months(mean .28 months), without any sequelae and late death. They are in New York Heart Association functional class I-II.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.270-274
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• 1997

In recent years, the use of allograft conduits in repair of congenital cardiac disease is widely accepted. However, the supply of homograft. is currently limiting their increased clinical application, especially small cryopreserved homografts for use in neonates and inf'ants. We used a technique to surgically reduce the size of the more readily available large-diameter allografts, making them suitable for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in small infants and children. From December 1994 to March 1996, a total of 11 patients ranging in age from 10 months to 6 years (mean age, 27.3 months) and ranging in weight from 5.6 to 18.5 kg (mean 11.5 kg) underwent reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract using this surgical technique (pulmo ary atresia with ventricular septal defect, 9 cases ; tetralogy of Falloff, 2 cases). The diameter after downsizing ranged from 14 to 19 mm with a mean of 16.8 mm. There was one operative death due to rupture of the infected homograft. Evaluation of these patients between 2 and 15 months (mean 6.9 months) after homograft implantation reveals excellent clinical and echocardiographic results. There were no significant homograft insufficiency and RVOT obstructions. Although a longer follow-up is certainly required to evaluate the long term fate of the surgically modified bicuspid homografts, we believe that this technique may represent a valuable therapeutic alternative, at least in the short term, to the use of synthetic grafts when an appropriately sized homograft is not available.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.444-448
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• 1996

Hemolytic anemia due to tiny prosthetic paravalvular leakage is one of a complication of prosthetic valve replacement. Mild Hemolysls usually occurs after aortic valve replacement with mechanical valve but rarely occurs in mitral valve position especially in case of tissue valve. Cardiac valves fabricated from biologic material are associated with a reduced incidence of hemolytic anemia. Hemolysis was reported in patients with an lonescu-Shiley bovine pericardial xenograft prosthesis in the aortic position but not in the mitral site. A 41-year-old female patient was admitted due to sudden development dark colored urine. About 10 years ago the patient was underwent MVR (Mitral Valve Re lacement) with fTmm lonescu-Shiley valve due to MR (Mitral regurgitation). Echocardiographic examination showed mild degree of mitral regurgitation with valvular thickening. However, there was no definitive evidence of paravalvular leakage. The peripheral blood smear showed nomochromic normocytic anemia, but the hematologic and urinary examination revealed severe hemolytic evidence. Mitral valve replacement with St. Jude Medical valve (27mm) was done and intraoperatively, a tiny paravalvular leakage was found which was regarded as the point of hemolysis. The hemolytic evidence completely disappeared. We are reporting a case of severe hemolytic anemia due to tiny prosthetic paravalvular leakage with a review of the literature.