• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.23-39
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• 2019

The purpose of the study was to analyze the home economics education experts' and teachers' perception of ways to align instruction with evaluation, based on the 2015 revised technology and home economics curriculum for the purpose of developing the independent living competencies, and to provide examples of alignment in practice. The analysis is based on the data from a Delphi study (10 experts) and a survey of technology and home economics teachers(n=422). The results of survey indicated that experts and teachers perceived the instruction-assessment alignment to be most appropriate for project learning-project assessment, followed by project learning-portfolio assessment, problem solving learning-portfolio assessment, and problem solving learning-project assessment, in order. Based on the survey results, a model of instruction-assessment alignment and a teaching-learing plan were presented, based on 'Development task of life cycle and Life plan' unit. This was considered to be a proper method of instructional alignment for the purpose of developing 'independent living competence' with project-learning/project-assessment. The model focuses on consistency between instruction and evaluation, unity in methods, and the availablility of feedbacks of assessment for the improvement of independent living competencies. In conclusion, this study contributes as foundational information for teaching and learning-assessment alignment. Diverse methods of instruction-evaluation alignment is expected for future research.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.99-108
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• 1999

The interior space in a passenger car is consisted with many partial elements, and the instrument panel is the most important part from all of them, which is designate the total image of the interior design and the space variation, drivability and safety of the interior space. ] The instrument panel of a passenger car in the early age had the concept of a wall between the engine room and the passenger cabin on which the instrument for the driver were fitted. Therefore the central mounting of the instruments was the typical feature regardless of the position of a driver seat. As the automobiles became more functional with many equipments, driver oriented instrument panel with energy absorbing materials had been developed, and that was the beginning of the various instrument panel design of these days. The recent instrument panels of passenger car have the tendency of going back to the central instrument mounting as it was at the past on a few cars for the strict safety regulation, a new production technology and for the enhanced drivability. It can be summarized into a few results as these with the analysis of a few recent instrument panels. -minimizing the total volume for the better frontal visibility. -energy absorbing and passive structures for the strict impact regulations. -revival of central instrument mounting for the convenience and safety through minimizing the difference of the focal length of a driver.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

FRP is a new material that is light, has high strength and high durability, and is emerging as a third construction material inside and outside of countries. However, very few studies have been done on curved FRP construction materials that can be used for tunnels or arched bridges. Because a small composite panel specimen is smaller than a full-size specimen, it can be used in a variety of experiments under different conditions. Therefore, in this study, experiments were performed on a void section, a solid section, a connected solid section, and a sand-coating solid section. The results of the experiment show that the connection of composite curved panels with longitudinal connections provides almost equivalent performance to that of a single panel. However, it is necessary to strengthen the connections, since the connections that are most susceptible to damage will break first.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2013

반도체, LCD, MEMs 등 미세 전자소자의 제작과 깊은 관련이 있는 IT 산업은 자동차 산업과 함께 세계 경제를 이끌고 있는 핵심 산업이며, 그 발전 가능성이 크다고 할 수 있다. 이 중 반도체, LCD 공정 기술에 관해서 대한민국은 세계를 선도하여 시장을 이끌어 나가고 있는 실정이다. 이들의 공정기술은 주로 높은 수율(yield)을 기반으로 한 대량 생산 기술에 초점이 맞추어져 있기 때문에, 현재와 같은 첨예한 가격 경쟁력이 요구되는 시대에서 공정 기술 개발을 통해 수율을 최대한으로 이끌어 내는 것이 현재 반도체를 비롯한 미세소자 산업이 직면하고 있는 하나의 중대한 과제라 할 수 있다. 특히 반도체공정에 있어 발전을 거듭하여 현재 20 nm 수준의 선폭을 갖는 소자들의 양산이 계획 있는데 이와 같은 나노미터급 선폭을 갖는 소자 양산과 관련된 CD (critical dimension)의 감소는 공차의 감소를 유발시키고 있으며, 패널의 양산에 있어서 생산 효율 증가를 위한 기판 크기의 대형화가 이루어지고 있다. 또한, 소자의 집적도를 높이기 위하여 높은 종횡비(aspect ratio)를 요구하는 공정이 일반화됨에 따라 단일 웨이퍼 내에서의 공정의 균일도(With in wafer uniformity, WIWU) 및 공정이 진행되는 시간에 따른 균일도(Wafer to wafer uniformity)의 변화 양상에 대한 파악을 통한 공정 진단에 대한 요구가 급증하고 있는 현실이다. 반도체 및 LCD 공정에 있어서 공정 균일도의 감시 및 향상을 위하여 박막, 증착, 식각의 주요 공정에 널리 사용되고 있는 플라즈마의 균일도(uniformity)를 파악하고 실시간으로 감시하는 것이 반드시 필요하며, 플라즈마의 균일도를 파악한다는 것은 플라즈마의 기판 상의 공간적 분포(radial direction)를 확인하여 보는 것을 의미한다. 현재까지 플라즈마의 공간적 분포를 진단하는 대표적인 방법으로는 랭뮤어 탐침(Langmuir Probe), 레이저 유도 형광법(Laser Induced Fluorescence, LIF) 그리고 광섬유를 이용한 발광분광법(Optical Emission Spectroscopy, OES)등이 있으나 랭뮤어 탐침은 플라즈마 본연의 상태에서 섭동(pertubation) 현상에 의한 교란, 이온에너지 측정의 한계로 인하여 공정의 실시간 감시에 적합하지 않으며, 레이저 유도 형광법은 측정 물질의 제한성 때문에 플라즈마 내부에 존재하는 다양한 종의 거동을 살필 수 없다는 단점 및 장치의 설치와 정렬(alignment)이 상대적으로 어려워 산업 현장에서 사용하기에 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 최소 50 cm에서 최대 400 cm까지 플라즈마 내 측정 거리에서 최대 20 mm 공간 분해가 가능한 광 수광 시스템 및 플라즈마 공정에서의 라디칼의 상태 변화를 분광학적 비접촉 방법으로 계측할 수 있는 발광 분광 분석기를 접목하여 플라즈마 챔버 내의 라디칼 공간 분포를 계측할 수 있는 진단 센서를 고안하고 이를 실 공정에 적용하여 보았다. 플라즈마 증착 및 식각 공정에서 형성된 박막의 두께 및 식각률과 공간 분해발광 분석법을 통하여 계측된 결과와의 매우 높은 상관관계를 확인하였다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.123-138
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• 2017

It is necessary to examine how operation and management of instruction in school field be affected by the curriculum. This study examines the actual conditions of instruction provided by teachers while expecting to be adjusted the curriculum with respect to the consideration given to individual student needs and regional specialization by focusing on the subject of mathematics. Ultimately, the purpose of this study is to assess and expect how well mathematics instruction would be being conducted in accordance with the goals of the curriculum. Furthermore, while reflecting the experimental result on teachers' opinions of the previous curriculum, this study suggests alternatives and supporting plans so that at the teacher level the curriculum might be successfully implemented.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.6 s.90
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• pp.908-918
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• 2005

The effects of adding Lithospermum erythrorhizon(gromwell) extract on the quality characteristics of Kangjung were examined to improve tunctionality of Kangjung and usage of gromwell extract. There was no significant difference of moisture quantity in the quality of Kangjung at 0, 0.25, $0.5\%$ level of added wild and cultivated gromwell extract, whereas there was a significant difference at $0.5\%$ addition level. Expansion rates of Kangjung were $25\%$ for control, $23\%$, and $19\%$ for $0.25\%$, and $0.5\%$ cultivated gromwell extract added groups, respectively, and $24\%$, and $24\%$ and for $0.25\%$and $0.5\%$ wild groinwell extract added groups, respectively. The rates were slightly decreased with increasing addition level. The hardness and crispness as determined by texture analyser were lower in Kangjung with added $0.5\%$ wild and cultivated gromwell extracts than in the others. The sensory characteristics such as appearance, tenderness, taste and overall acceptability of Kangjung prepared with $0.25\%$ gromwell extract showed no significant difference compared to the controlled group. However, there was significant difference in Kangjung with $0.5\%$ gromwell extract added(p<0.05).

• 재활복지
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.45-65
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to determine recent trends of domestic and international studies for primary progressive aphasia (PPA) patient group and to identify areas for future research. For these purposes, 171 studies on communication disorders of a PPA were chosen and sub-categories for research methods and contents were also analyzed. The sub-categories for research methods include types of research subject, research purpose and research field. As the research subject, 'agrammatism' was most frequently dealt with in both domestic and international studies; as the research purpose, 'characteristics study' accounted for the largest portion; and with respect to the research field, the international studies have covered evenly language, speech and others, while the domestic studies have handled only the field of 'language,' paying no attention to 'speech' and 'others.' In the international studies, apraxia of speech was added to the conventional three sub-types of PPA classification, so distinction between the four symptoms has been actively studied; however, patient cases were difficult to find in Korea, so the symptoms the patients had, although centering around communication disorders, have been rarely researched in the domestic studies. The results suggested that there have been extremely few studies related and their research field has lacked diversity. We suggested a direction for future research on communication disorders with PPA.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effects of indocyanine green (ICG) and near-infrared diode lasers on multispecies biofilms. Multispecies biofilms of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Candida albicans were treated with different irradiation time using photosensitizer ICG and 808 nm near-infrared diode laser. Colony forming unit (CFU) was measured, and qualitative evaluation of biofilm was performed with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Temperature measurement was conducted to evaluate photothermal effect. In the groups using ICG and diode laser, reduction in CFU was statistically significant, but the difference in antibacterial effect on L. casei and C. albicans with irradiation time was not significant, and similar results were confirmed with CLSM. Groups with ICG and diode laser showed higher temperature elevation than groups without ICG, and results of measured temperature were similar to the range of hyperthermia. In conclusion, ICG and near-infrared diode laser showed antibacterial effects on multispecies biofilms, but studies on protocol are necessary for clinical application.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.707-725
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• 2021

Energy management systems (EnMS) contribute to sustainable energy saving and greenhouse gas reduction by emphasizing the role of energy management in production-oriented economies. Although understanding the methods used to measure energy performance is a key factor in constructing successful EnMS, few attempts have been made to examine these methods, their applicability, and their utility in practice. To fill this research gap, this study aimed to deepen the understanding of energy performance measures by focusing on four energy performance indicators (EnPIs) proposed by ISO 50006, namely the measured energy value, ratio between measured values, linear regression model, and nonlinear regression model. This paper presents policy and managerial implications to facilitate the effective use of these measures. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis was conducted with 41 experts to analyze the preference for EnPIs and their key selection criteria by the industry sector, and organization and user type. The findings suggest that the most preferred EnPI is the ratio between the measured values followed by the measured energy value. The ease of use was considered to be most important while choosing EnPIs.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.59-66
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• 2021

Humans mainly recognize surrounding objects using visual and auditory information among the five senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste). Major research related to the latest object recognition mainly focuses on analysis using image sensor information. In this paper, after emitting various chirp audio signals into the observation space, collecting echoes through a 2-channel receiving sensor, converting them into spectral images, an object recognition experiment in 3D space was conducted using an image learning algorithm based on deep learning. Through this experiment, the experiment was conducted in a situation where there is noise and echo generated in a general indoor environment, not in the ideal condition of an anechoic room, and the object recognition through echo was able to estimate the position of the object with 83% accuracy. In addition, it was possible to obtain visual information through sound through learning of 3D sound by mapping the inference result to the observation space and the 3D sound spatial signal and outputting it as sound. This means that the use of various echo information along with image information is required for object recognition research, and it is thought that this technology can be used for augmented reality through 3D sound.