• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.187-194
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• 2020

This study presents the energy-saving sequential control algorithm to handle indoor CO₂ and PM2.5 for the improvement of the air quality of school classrooms. To solve indoor air quality (IAQ) problems, air cleaning and ventilation systems are mainly used for school classrooms. Although air cleaning is able to collect PM2.5, it is difficult to remove harmful gas substances. The ventilation system is suitable to tackle CO and CO₂, the volume ventilation, however, is relatively small. In this paper, to remove CO₂ and PM2.5, the pollutant balance equation for improving indoor air quality is reviewed. The sequential control algorithm of the ventilation and air cleaning system with four levels of criteria is introduced for the effective removal of pollutants. The proposed sequential control algorithm confirms that indoor CO₂ and PM2.5 can be properly controlled below the standard value. In addition, the sequential operation of air cleaning and ventilation systems has shown significant improvement in IAQ compared to the independent ventilation system operation. Particularly, such systems are efficient when outdoor PM2.5 is high.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.87-95
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• 2020

People with disabilities are an important part of society. The world has a huge population of disabled people. Therefore, it is important to study the establishment and improvement of the disability welfare law. To carry forward the humanitarian spirit and develop the cause of the disabled is a signㄴ of social civilization. Improving the welfare system for the disabled is conducive to social progress. Disabled people have the same right to pursue a happy life as non-disabled people. Now, South Korea, China and Japan all have disability welfare laws. But the content of welfare law is not the same. China's welfare law for the disabled is also very detailed, but there are many problems. Such as education, medical care and so on. Therefore, through this study, to understand the perfect disabled persons' system in other countries, will play a positive role in the development of China's disabled persons' welfare law in the future. By comparing the welfare laws of the three countries, we can learn from each other and make progress. To contribute to the development of the cause of the disabled.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.51-62
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• 2020

Article 6 of the Landscape Act stipulates that "the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport establishes a basic landscape policy plan every five years in order to create a beautiful and pleasant landscape, discover and support excellent landscapes." This is a comprehensive plan for landscape policy, a national plan that presents basic directions and strategies for the formation and continuous management of excellent national landscape. The basic landscape policy plan is a plan established every five years. It is an action plan that establishes a medium-term strategy for landscape policy and proposes specific implementation plans. Landscape-related policies are established in various fields, such as the central and local governments, and the private sector, and are based on mutual cooperation. Local cities voluntarily establish basic landscape plans, but in terms of integration, there are few cases in connection with urban regeneration. However, when the existing city establishes the basic landscape plan, the effect will be doubled if a new city is comprehensively constructed in relation to urban regeneration from the overall aspect of the city. Therefore, this study aims to provide data so that a master landscape plan can be established by analyzing and synthesizing the problems of the existing city centering on Jeonju, a representative local city.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.189-190
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• 2020

The importance of indoor air quality management has recently been highlighted due to environmental problems such as indoor air pollution. Among indoor air pollutants, carbon dioxide occurs in cooking, heating, burning, and causes forgetfulness, dementia and amnesia. Radon, which occurs in building materials, soil and ground, is a type 1 carcinogen that causes lung cancer in the body through breathing. These substances can be released from the room through ventilation, but there is a limit to reducing the amount of indoor activity due to reduced ventilation conditions due to increased indoor activity time. However, these substances can be removed from the gas by adsorption. The purpose of this study was to identify the properties of granular active and powdered active white soil and mix them to make cement-based active white soil adsorbent matrix for carbon dioxide, fine dust and radon gas adsorption, and to evaluate indoor air improvements according to the mixing scale. The results of the experiment showed that active carbon dioxide adsorption performance increased for carbon dioxide and radon as the exchange rate increased through physical adsorption. In particular, the higher the replacement rate of the granular active bag, the better adsorption performance was shown.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2024

This research suggests a novel visualization approach utilizing Generative AI to render photorealistic architectural alternatives images in the early design phase. Photorealistic rendering intuitively describes alternatives and facilitates clear communication between stakeholders. Nevertheless, the conventional rendering process, utilizing 3D modelling and rendering engines, demands sophisticate model and processing time. In this context, the paper suggests a rendering approach employing the text-to-image method aimed at generating a broader range of intuitive and relevant reference images. Additionally, it employs an Text-to-Image method focused on producing a diverse array of alternatives reflecting architects' styles when visualizing the exteriors of residential buildings from the mass model images. To achieve this, fine-tuning for architects' styles was conducted using the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) method. This approach, supported by fine-tuned models, allows not only single style-applied alternatives, but also the fusion of two or more styles to generate new alternatives. Using the proposed approach, we generated more than 15,000 meaningful images, with each image taking only about 5 seconds to produce. This demonstrates that the Generative AI-based visualization approach significantly reduces the labour and time required in conventional visualization processes, holding significant potential for transforming abstract ideas into tangible images, even in the early stages of design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2014

Professionalization of Korean interior design is not completed, considering the fact that accreditation and registration systems cannot be found in it. This study, initiated with this concern, analyzed the knowledge area of interior design and architecture in the United States while utilizing accreditation standards of CIDA and NAAB. The purpose of this study is to provide reference to consult for the professionalization of Korean interior design by showing the effects of standardized professional knowledge on professionalization. The utilized research method is a multiple case study, analyzing cases of interior design and architecture in the United States. The unit of analysis is accrediting criteria, including present and revised versions. Content analysis was conducted to interpretate qualitative data collected. The research results include that knowledge differences between interior design and architecture are not clear. This study concludes that standardized professional knowledge emphasizes the technicality elements of knowledge to protect the health, safety and welfare of the public instead of indeterminacy elements. The research results imply that knowledge standardization concerning HSW can be a critical step to professionalization because it can show a jurisdictional boundary as a unique profession.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.140-148
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to address Effective Learning Methodology by subjects to acquire National Certification which is an essential requirement to get employed. For this purpose, analysis was completed after conducting a survey on the class to obtain Interior Architecture Engineer Certification. 23 applicants were selected based on effectiveness of each subject, level of difficulty, degree of understanding, mentoring effect, self-driven learning, and group discussion. Results are as below. Upon the first written test, Interior Design Theory and Chromatics showed a high learning effectiveness in self-driven learning and mentoring. Ergonomics showed a high learning effectiveness in mentoring, self-driven learning and group discussion while Building Materials, Architecture Construction presented a high effectiveness only in mentoring and group discussion. Architecture Environment showed average learning effectiveness in mentoring and group discussion and showed a low effectiveness in self-driven learning. Upon the second practice test, Interior Architecture Construction and Planning/Management of Construction Materials presented an average learning effectiveness in mentoring and group discussion. Process Control and Adding Up(Supply Calculation) showed a low learning effectiveness in self-driven learning and presented an average to below average learning effectiveness in mentoring and group discussion. Lastly, Interior Design Plan, Interior Design Drawings presented average learning effectiveness in mentoring and group discussion however they showed a high effectiveness in self-driven learning.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.69-70
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• 2003

현대인은 실외에서 활동하는 시간보다 실내에서 거주하는 시간(80%)이 더 많고, 그로 인해 실외 대기오염보다 실내 공기 오염이 일반인의 건강에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 보고되고 있다. 국내에서도 1990년대 이후 실내에서의 일일 노출시간 증가, 한정된 공간에서의 오염된 공기의 지속적 순환, 에너지 절감 시스템에 의한 건물의 밀폐화에 따른 오염농도의 누적현상, 다양한 건축자재 및 생활 인테리어 용품의 사용으로 인한 실내 오염원의 존재 등으로 실내 공기질 악화에 따른 건강 영향에 대해 관심이 고조되기 시작하였다. (중략)

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.452-462
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• 1999

환기란 실내에 기류분포를 형성함으로써 발생된 오염물질을 제거하고 재실자에게 신선외기를 공급하기 위한 것이다. 실내의 오염농도는 오염 발생원의 특성과 실내의 환기상태에 의하여 결정되며 환기상태는 실내의 기류분포에 의하여 결정된다. 건축물에서 수행되고 있는 각종 오염물질에 대한 농도측정 실험은 환기의 결과로서 나타나는 실내오염의 정도를 파악하기 위한 것으로 환기의 성능 자체를 측정하기 위한 것이 아니다. 또한 실내의 기류속도 측정실험을 통하여 환기상태를 간접적으로 파악할 수 있으나 정량적인 환기 상태를 측정하지는 못한다. 단순히 기류속도가 크고 작음에 따라서 환기상태의 좋고 나쁨을 표현할 수 없기 때문이다. 그림 1은 이와 같은 환기실험에 관련된 3단계의 실험 종류와 이들 간의 상호 상관관계를 보이고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.355-374
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• 2022

Soil conditioning improves the performance of EPB (earth pressure balance) shield TBMs (tunnel boring machines) by reducing shear strength, enhancing workability of the excavated soil, and supporting the tunnel face during EPB tunnelling. The mechanical and rheological behavior of the excavated muck mixed with additives should be properly evaluated to determine the optimal additive injection condition corresponding to each ground type. In this study, the laboratory pressurized vane test apparatus equipped with a vane-shaped rheometer was developed to reproduce the pressurized condition in the TBM chamber and quantitively evaluate rheological properties of the soil specimens. A series of the pressurized vane tests were performed for an artificial sand soil by changing foam injection ratio (FIR) and polymer injection ratio (PIR), which are the injection parameters of the foam and the polymer, respectively. In addition, the workability of the conditioned soil was evaluated through the slump test. The peak and yield stresses of the conditioned soil with respect to the injection parameters were evaluated through the rheogram, which was derived from the measured torque data in the pressurized vane test. As FIR increased or PIR decreased, the workability of the conditioned soil increased, and the maximum torque, peak stress, and yield stress decreased. The peak stress and yield stress of the specimen from the laboratory pressurized vane test correspond to the workability evaluated by the slump tests, which implies the applicability of the proposed test for evaluating the rheological properties of excavated soil.