• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.745-749
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• 1994

Animal experiments were conducted to confirm the suppressive effect of green tea on the intestinal absorption and tissue accumulation of toxic heavy metals in rats. When drinking water contaminated with 500 and 5000 times level of water quality standard for lead or cadmium was administrated to rats for 3 weeks, feed intake and body weight gain were not significantly differrent among all groups except for high cadmium group. In the relative weights of target organs, kidney and femur showed a significant difference by heavy metal administration and green tea did not influence on the weights. Green tea showed a suppressing effect on the accumulation of heavy metals in target organs, in which the reducing effect in femur was $25{\sim}45%$ for lead, and 42% for cadmium. As calcium content of femur decreased by heavy metal administration was increased in green tea group, it was concluded that heavy metal accumulation in femur was interrupted by tea beverage.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2013

Perchlorate ($ClO{_4}^-$) is the material that is used as propellants of rockets and material of explosive as a form of ammonium perchlorate salts. Ammonium perchlorate solution of high concentration is recovered from expired rocket through demilitarization process by the water-jet method. If people take perchlorate in food and water, it interferes with adsorption of iodide which is the substance needed to synthesize thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland. It has an bad influence upon disturbing pregnancy and synthesis of growth hormone. So the effective method is necessary to remove perchlorate anion in water. By considering economic aspect, we studied effective desorption (regeneration) of perchlorate anion from adsorbent with studies on removal and adsorption of perchlorate anion. Desorption experiment was conducted as batch type. Depending on various conditions (concentration, pH, cation anion form) elution, we evaluated amount, efficiency of desorption(amount of adsorption/desorption ${\times}$ 100). Also, research confirmed the efficiency of mixed resins between anion exchange resin and activated carbon and expected synergic effect from advantages of both adsorbents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.150-150
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• 2002

40두 규모의 농장에서 사육된 홀스타인 종, 4개월령의 수컷 송아지에서 거세 후 고열, 식욕부진, 기침 등의 증상과 함께 전신 체표 림프절의 종대가 관찰되어 백혈병으로 잠정진단 하고 도태를 권유하였으나 축주가 치료를 원해 항생제와 해열제 및 기타 대증요법을 실시한 후 치료반응이 없어 폐사하여 부검을 실시하였다. 혈액 검사상 이상핵과 다형핵을 가진 다수의 림프구 및 백혈구, 호중구, 림프구 및 단핵구의 증가가 관찰되었다. 또한 백혈병 바이러스에 대한 분리 및 PCR 검사는 음성이었다. 부검 소견으로 체표 림프절, 슬관절 부위 및 비장과 간의 종대가 관찰되었으며 비장 중심에 12x11 cm의 종괴와 폐의 전엽부 유착 및 폐문, 종격동 림프절의 심한 종대가 관찰되었다. 견갑전 림프절을 비롯하여 대퇴골 전, 서혜, 폐문, 이하림프절 등 전신 림프절의 종대 및 소성의 연한 황색의 매끄러운 절단면을 보였다. 전지 관절의 종대와 관절강 내부는 증가된 농성 활액을 보였으며 고관절 강 내에 농성 활액의 증가와 공기 노출 후 젤리양 응고를 보였다. 심장은 장액성 위축과 함께 섬외막성 점상출혈이 나타났다. 병리조직학적 소견으로 비장은 지주 주변에 미성숙형의 세포들의 침윤이 보이며 유사분열상이 다수 관찰되었고 백색 수질에도 유사분열상의 증가와 함께 림프아구성 세포들이 다수 나타났다. 이들 주요한 비정상 세포들은 다형성의 큰 핵을 가진 다양한 림프아구의 형태를 지녔으며 핵내 공포가 인정되었다. 비장의 종괴 주변에는 증식된 섬유조직으로 둘러싸여 있었으며 미세농양 형성되어 있고, 일부 석회화가 진행된 부위도 있었다. 간소엽성 중심성 울혈과 가벼운 간세포내 지방침윤, 혈관 내 림프아구 형태의 세포와 소수의 호중구가 관찰되었다. 간삼조 주변에는 가볍거나 중등도의 단핵세포의 침윤이 미만성으로 관찰되었다. 폐에서는 중등도의 기관지 폐렴과 함께 일부는 무기폐가 관찰되었으며 폐포강과 세기관지내에는 염증성 삼출물이 다량 들어 있었다. 다병소성 미세농양과 함께 괴사가 있었고 실질의 섬유화가 진행되어 있었다. 또한 중등도의 간질성 신장염과 림프절은 지주 주변에 간극 내 비정상 림프구 세포의 형태는 비장의 그것과 유사하였으며 적수와 백수의 구이 힘들며 림프소절이 증가되어 있었다. 한 시야에서 유사분열상이 6-8 개로 그 지수가 매우 높으며 이와 더불어 큰 림프구가 전반에 걸쳐 침윤되어 있었다. 주변부 동(sinus)에는 많은 물질들이 침윤되어 있으며 렴프소절내 미만성의 성상현상이 관찰되었다. 회장은 파이어판내 심한 림프구 소실이 나타났다. 이상의 소견을 바탕으로 본 증례는 산재성 송아지 백혈병으로 진단되었다

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2004

Schinzel-Giedion syndrome is a rare, distinct dysmorphic syndrome characterized by congenital hydronephrosis, skeletal dysplasia, and severe developmental retardation, likely to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, but not yet confirmed. This syndrome is characterized by coarse facial features such as midfacial retraction, bulging forehead, short nose with anteverted nostrils, low-set malformed ears, protruding large tongue, and hypertelorism. Skeletal and limb defects, choanal stenosis, simian creases, hypospadias, microphallus, hypertrichosis, and intractable seizures are the frequently associated clinical findings. Urogenital involvement is a major component of the syndrome, and this problem sometimes is associated with nephrocalcinosis and urinary tract infection in the clinical course of the disease. We report a 22 month-old girl with Schinzel-Giedion syndrome complicated by medullary nephrocalcinosis and urinary tract infection due to Klebsiella pneumoniae. This patient had also been suffering from postnatal growth deficiency, intractable seizure, spastic tetraplegia, delayed development and severe mental retardation.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 1997

Purpose : The kidney is one of the most common sites of cyst formation. Cystic diseases of the kidney are a diverse group of clinicopathologic entities and variable prognosis. They span a wide range of both age of presentation and severity of the renal disease. And many of them are systemic disorders, sharing similar process of cyst formation in other organs. Recently, development of imaging studies has been contributing widely to the diagnosis of the diseases. Treatment, however, is not established satisfactorily. We performed this study to evaluate the occurrence and treatment of cystic diseases of the kidney. Methods : We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 44 patients with cystic diseases of the kidney in the Department of Pediatrics, during last 11 years. Results : In the 44 patients with cystic diseases of the kidney, 31 patients(71%) had multicystic dysplastic kidney and 11(35%) of them received nephrectomy due to differentiation from neoplasms or severe abdominal distension. Seven patients(16%) had polycystic kidney disease, and all of them were infantile type. Five patients(11%) were diagnosed as having a simple renal cysts. Progression to renal failure was noted in none of the cases. In 14(32%) out of total 44 patients, the diagnosis was made in neonatal or infantile pelted. Conclusion : The incidence of cystic diseases of the kidney appeared very low, but further investigation on their pathogenesis, classification, and indication of treatment is needed.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1991

Histopathological changes and methemoglobinemia of the eels (Anguilla japonica) reared at six culture farms in the vicinity of Y$\check{o}$su city were investigated under the conditions of $22.0{\sim}29^{\circ}C$, 4.33~7.33ppm of D.O., pH 6.1~8.2 and 0.03~10.1ppm of nitrite from December, 1989 to June, 1990. All of the eels showed no any abnormal state in action, color and blood, but the eels reared in pH 6.0 had planty of mucus and stickiness on their body surface. Methemoglobin levels were 1.03~9.86% of total erythrocyes in Dec. and 5.05~25.69% in June, and poikilocyte levels were 5.8~30.17% in Dec. and 8.67~74.45% in June. These results indicate the fact that the water management of the culture farms was worse in summer than in winter, even though not good in winter. Hypertrophy was found in the gill, hepatic and kidney tissue of the eels in all the culture farms. In March and June, Fish of all culture farms appeared the detachment of gill lamella epithelium cells, pyknosis and sinusoids of nucleus in the hepatic tissue and hemosiderosis in the kidney tissue. The trend of increase in methemoglobin levels appeared in the fish of culture farms with high nitrite concentration, which didn't appear equally in all the culture farms. However, in the culture farms of pH 6.0, methemoglobin and poikilocyte levels were increased independently of concentration of nitrite, and degeneration in the tissue of the gill, liver and kidney was also appeared.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2009

The compressed packer device is designed to improve the underground contamination prevention facilities of ground water wells. As for the device, the installation is simple because of the safety lock device and the compression of the casing are simple the installation is simple. There is no leakage of ground water because the pressure resistance with $4.5\;kg/cm^2$ makes it equipped with the watertightness The single casing is installed and the reaming for grouting is possible with 300 mm excavation so that installation cost can be saved. Silicon rubber is used for the compressed packer so that the extension rate is 590%. In terms of environmental pollution, it is an environmental friendly product which does not contain harmful ingredients such as Pb, Cd, and phenol. below the standard or undetectable level Furthermore, the installation costs are 35 to 62% or lower than the conventional grouting construction method and are 87% or lower than the expansion packer construction method, the new environmental technology No.47 Also, the device is designed to meet the relevant regulations such as Rules on Preserving the Ground Water Quality, The Standard on Jeju Island Ground Water Development and Facility Installation and Management, and The Plan and Guideline on Operating and Managing the Small-Scale Tap Water Facilities of Ministry of Environment and Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.107-110
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• 2001

제철소에서 매년 대량 발생되어 주로 매립처분되고 있는 제강분진의 재활용 방안으로서, 폐수처리분야에 널리 사용되고 있는 펜톤산화공정의 반응촉매원인 Fe 공급원으로서 제강분 진의 활용 가능성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 포항제철소에서 제철부산물로 발생되는 제강분진을 전처리 없이 산화촉매로 사용하여 김포 수도권 매립지의 침출수 처리 공정에서 펜톤산화조에 유입되는 원수를 대상으로 과산화수소에 의한 산화처리 실험을 수행하였다. 반응은 회분식으로 수행하였으며, 일반적으로 알려진 펜톤산화반응의 주요 반응조 건인 운전 pH, 과산화수소 주입량 및 분할주입, 제강분진의 주입량 등의 변화에 따른 각 조 건별 시간에 따른 반응결과를 알아보았다. 또한 기존의 Fe 공급원으로 사용되고 있는 FeSO$_4$와 처리성능 및 적용조건에 대한 비교 실험도 수행하였다. 침출수 수질변화는 TOC (Total Organic Carbon) analyzer를 사용하여 측정한 TOC값으로 나타냈으며, pH controller 와 정량펌프를 사용하여 HCl과 NaOH주입을 통해 반응기간동안 일정 pH를 유지하였다. 본 연구결과, 최적 pH 조건인 4에서 최대 75% TOC 제거율을 나타내었으며, 대부분의 반응은 30분 이내에 이루어졌다. 주어진 실험조건에서 FeSO$_4$와 비교하여 반응속도와 처리효율에서 향상된 결과를 나타내었으며 반응 후 응집침전실험에서도 보다 높은 처리효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 과산화수소/제강분진 시스템을 이용한 화학적 산화처리방법은 경제성과 처리성능에서 기존의 펜톤산화공정의 대체방안으로서 향 후 적용가능성이 높을 것으로 기대된다.g, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg의 순서로 함량이 점차 감소하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 가자 메탄올추출물은 PQ 유도독성을 신장 및 폐조직에서 효과적으로 경감시키는 것으로 나타났다.ted retailers ("sellers") must accept end-of-life items returned to them by the consumers. At the local level, Taipei City implements a pay-as-you-throw program, whereby citizens pay waste collection and treatment fees through the purchase of special trash bags approved by the Taipei City Government. However. recyclables that are separated by citizens are collected free-of-charge by the City. Taichung City and Kaohsiung City, on the other hand, enforce mandatory sorting schemes, whereby citizens face penalties if they don't separate recyclables from the trash before pick-up. These programs have resulted in a significant reduction in municipal waste. Per capita waste collected per day has dropped from 1.143

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2007

Objective of this study was to assess the efficient rice cultivation practice to mitigate the non-point source pollutants loading to the adjacent watershed. Cultivation practices consisted of machine transplanting, direct seeding on dry paddy, and no tillage in which no fertilizer and pesticide were applied to paddy field. Water in drainage canal was used as irrigation source during the entire rice growing season. Loading of the non-point source pollutants to the adjacent small stream was mitigated by all treatments. Rice yield, total biomass (rice + weeds), and uptake T-N, $P_2O_5$, and $K_2O$ were higher in machine transplanting practice than those in direct seeding and no tillage practices. However, the purification effects of non-point source pollutants were followed in orders of no tillage > direct seeding > machine transplanting due to quantity of irrigation water. The annual purification quantity of T-N, T-P, and K by rice cultivations ranged from 46 to 369 kg $ha^{-1}$, 4.1 to 16.4 kg $ha^{-1}$, and 55 to 238 kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively, during the entire rice growing season. Results revealed that no tillage practice of rice cultivation was the best management option in reducing the loading of the non-point source pollutants from the drainage canal into stream.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.232-239
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• 2002

Purpose : Renal cystic diseases comprise a mixed group of heritable, developmental and acquired disorders. Recently the use of imaging modalities such as ultrasonography and radionuclide scanning has increased the detection rate of renal cystic diseases. We studied to review the clinical features and treatment of renal cystic diseases in children. Methods : This study was performed in 95 children with renal cystic diseases in the Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center from October 1989 to June 2001. Results : In 95 patients, there were 55 cases(58.0%) with multicystic dysplastic kidney(MCDK), 19 cases(20.0%) with simple renal cysts, 13 cases(13.7%) with hereditary polycystic kidney diseases( 7 with autosomal recessive type, 5 with autosomal dominant type, 1 with undetermined), 6 cases(6.3%) with renal cysts in tuberous sclerosis and 1 case(1.0%) with medullary cystic disease. All MCDK patients had no renal dysfunction and hypertension during the follow-up period. Three out of 13 with polycystic kidney diseases had progressed to end-stage renal disease during the follow-up period. One case with a simple cyst underwent laparoscopic malsupialization for decompression. Conclusion : Renal cystic diseases have diverse clinicopathologic features and variable prognosis. We emphasize that routine follow-up should be performed to prevent and to detect early treatable complication in renal cystic diseases. Therefore, their natural history and treatment need further investigation and long term follow-up is required.