• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.162-167
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• 2020

The skin-inspired multimodal soft sensors have been developed through multidisciplinary approaches to mimic the sensing ability with high sensitivity and mechanical durability of human skin. For practical application, although the stimulus discriminability against a complex stimulus composed of various mechanical and thermal stimuli experienced in daily life is essential, it still shows a low level actually. In this paper, we first introduce the operating mechanisms and representative studies of the unimodal soft sensor, and then discuss the recent research trend in the multimodal soft sensors and the stimulus discriminability.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.521-528
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• 2022

The beginning of a new railroad history is progressing every year. Seoul's Sillim Line is a new transportation system based on communication technology. Sillim Line is the nation's first wireless communication-based unmanned train control system based on KTCS-M, the national standard. The use of wireless communication technology in the rail transportation system suggests the possibility of exporting to the global rail market. This is the result of the government's development and implementation of various support policies for nurturing the domestic railway industry and for export. In this paper, the status of support for localization of railroad industry technology implemented by the state is reviewed, and the process by which railroad parts are replaced by localized parts is analyzed out of dependence on foreign countries. A study was conducted on the development of a technical support platform to solve the technical difficulties of the industry that occurred in this process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.318-318
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• 2021

2020년 한강 유역의 홍수기(7월 ~ 9월) 3개월 강수량은 1,110.9mm에 달하며 평년대비 131.7%의 상당히 많은 강수량이 관측되었다. 특히 8월은 평년대비 215.2% 강수량을 보이며 큰 홍수사상이 발생하였다.(출처 한강홍수통제소 월간수자원현황및전망) 본 연구에서는 2020년 홍수기 한강 유역 주요 댐의 유입량과 유출량을 분석하였다. 유출입량 산정은 실측자료와 댐 방류량자료를 이용하였다. 산정 결과 달천 괴산댐의 경우 2020년 7월 ~ 2020년 9월, 3개월 동안 유입량(후영교)은 약 5.15억m³이었으며 이 기간의 유출량(댐 방류량)은 약 5.24억m³으로 조사되었다. 같은 기간의 북한강 유역 화천댐 유입량은 산정이 불가능 하였으며 유출량(댐 방류량)은 약 22.24억m³, 춘천댐 유입량(화천댐 방류량 + 용신교 + 오탄교)은 26.86억m³, 유출량(춘천댐 방류량)은 33.60억m³, 의암댐 유입량(춘천댐 방류량 + 소양강댐 방류량)은 55.39억m³, 유출량(의암댐 방류량)은 64.69m³, 청평댐 유입량(의암댐 방류량 + 한덕교 + 목동교)은 78.29억m³, 유출량(청평댐 방류량)은 75.86억m³으로 나타났다. 같은 기간 댐 저류 변화량은 괴산댐 0.002억m³, 춘천댐 0.07억m³, 의암댐 0.15억m³, 청평댐 0.02억m³으로 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 기본적으로 댐 유출량과 유입량의 차는 저류량(저류변화량)과 같아야 한다. 2020년 홍수기(7월~9월) 주요 댐의 유입량, 유출량, 저류량을 검토한 결과 다소 큰 차이를 보였다. 이는 실측 유량의 오차도 일부 있겠지만 댐 저수지 수위 계측의 불확실성, 여수로 방류량의 정확도, 저수지 증발량, 미계측유역의 유출 미고려 등에서 발생하는 오차도 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.4D
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• pp.403-411
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• 2010

Nowadays, Light railway system is attracted public attention as solution for metropolitan traffic congestion. But it is difficult to decide an appropriate light railway system. It is especially hard in the Seoul metropolitan to decide an appropriate system, because there are many factors that must considered. So we research application status of light railway system that is scheduled or promoted in the Korea and the foreign nations. And we selected systems by types of city. In this paper, we divided into 6 types of city through factor analysis and cluster. And we considered various factor such as technology, transportation, environment etc that used previous research and feasibility study. To determine the priority among the factors, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) was applied as a method for multi-standard decision method.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.513-518
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• 2024

When introducing a new policy or technology, it is common for both opposing and approving opinions to exist. In particular, identifying factors that influence opposing opinions can be the first step to successfully introducing new policies or technologies. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the acceptability of tram, a new transportation mode, in urban areas of Jeju. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 326 Jeju residents and 104 tourists for eight days, and the surveyed data was analyzed for the main factors affecting acceptability using structural equation modeling (SEM). As a result, it was found that the higher the recognition of tram operation characteristics, the more positive the acceptability. In particular, while tram operation in downtown Jeju was evaluated positively from the perspective of the convenience of using public transportation and the urban environment, it was evaluated negatively from the perspective of traffic crashes, congestion, and pedestrian safety due to traffic conflicts. These results are expected to be used as a basis for establishing policies to successfully adopt trams in Jeju City in the future.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2024

Suspension of particulate matter (PM) in indoor spaces, which increases risk of negative impact on occupants' health from exposure to PM, is influenced by humidity level in the indoor environment. The goal of this study is to investigate the property of size-resolved PM suspension in accordance with the relative humidity through simulation chamber experiments which reflect the indoor environmental characteristics. The relative humidity of simulation chamber is adjusted to 35%, 55% and 75% by placing it inside a real-size environmental chamber which allows artificial control of climatic conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity). At the respective humidity conditions, PM suspension concentration caused by occupant walking is analyzed by particle size (0.5-0.8, 0.8-1.0, 1.0-2.5, 2.5-3.5, 3.5-4.5, 4.5-5.5, 5.5-8.0, and 8.0-10 ㎛). Irrespective of the particle size, the suspension concentration reveals a decreasing tendency as the relative humidity increases. Furthermore, a one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) test statistically verifies that the suspension concentration has a significant difference depending on the indoor relative humidity level. In addition, as the relative humidity increases, a proportion of the suspended particles with 0.5-2.5 ㎛ diameter decreases, while that with 2.5-3.5 ㎛ diameter increases. The reason is considered that the humidity has an effect on adhesion and coagulation forces of the particles.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.32
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• pp.137-173
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• 2019

Modern scientists are trying to find the basic unit of order, fractal geometry, in the complex systems of the universe. Fractal is a term often used in mathematics or physics, it is appropriate as a principle to explain why some models of ultimate reality are represented as multifaceted. Fractals are already widely used in the field of computer graphics and as a commercial principle in the world of science. In this paper, using observations from fractal geometry, I present the embodiment of ultimate reality as understood in Daesoon Thought. There are various models of ultimate reality such as Dao (道, the way), Sangje (上帝, supreme god), Sinmyeong (神明, Gods), Mugeuk (無極, limitlessness), Taegeuk (太極, the Great Ultimate), and Cheonji (天地, heaven and earth) all of which exist in Daesoon Thought, and these concepts are mutually interrelated. In other words, by revealing the fact that ultimate reality is embodied within fractal geometry, it can be shown that concordance and transformation of various models of ultimate reality are supported by modern science. But when the major religions of the world were divided along lines of personality (personal gods) and non-personality (impersonal deities), most religions came to assume that ultimate reality was either transcendental or personal, and they could not postulate a relationship between God and humanity as Yin Yang (陰陽) fractals (Holon). In addition, religions, which assume ultimate reality as an intrinsic and impersonal being, are somewhat different in terms of their degree of Holon realization - all parts and whole restitution. Daesoon Thought most directly states that gods (deities) and human beings are in a relationship of Yin Yang fractals. In essence, "deities are Yin, and humanity is Yang" and furthermore, "human beings are divine beings." Additionally, in the Daesoon Thought, these models of ultimate reality are presented through various concepts from various viewpoints, and they are revealed as mutually interrelated concepts. As such, point of view regarding the universe wherein Holarchy becomes a models in a key idea within perennial philosophy. According to a universalized view of religious phenomena, perennial philosophy was adopted by the world's great spiritual teachers, thinkers, philosophers, and scientists. From this viewpoint, when ultimate reality coincides, human beings and God are no longer different. In other words, the veracity of the theory of ultimate reality that has appeared in Daesoon Thought can find support in both modern science and perennial philosophy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.201-219
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• 2023

ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) is becoming the core of the interest of today's entrepreneurs concerning about the earth crisis. Numerous studies are going on these days about the importance of ESG, but most of them seem confined to the introductory level. This study concentrates on "ESG education" that will teach the learners how to put various ESG ideas into practice, knowing that the earth crisis would not be overcome without actual practice of those ideas. First, elementary and junior·senior high school, professors in university and educational consultants in the field designed educational programs and related content materials under "ESG entrepreneurship education" integrated with ESG and Entrepreneurship education, which have been implemented previously. Participatory learning methods are converged with the program. The researcher analyzed the learning effects in depth after implementing the programs in the education field. Thus, this study first examined the effects of key variables of ESG educational program i.e., ESG entrepreneurship education, student participatory learning, and team-based learning on creative problem-solving and social value recognition with an essential variant of ESG educational programs and identified the relations to creative problem-solving and social value recognition. Besides, this study investigated the moderating effects of school atmosphere, and teachers' enthusiasm, regarding traits of educational programs and social value recognition. Findings indicate that sub variants of the traits of educational programs i.e., ESG entrepreneurship education, student participatory learning, and team-based learning significantly affect creative problem-solving skills and social value recognition and that creative problem-solving impacts social value recognition. In addition, teachers' enthusiasm has moderating effects between traits of educational programs and social value recognition. This study provides content-program learning methods that can be practically applied in education, emphasizing practice in ESG in elementary and junior·senior high school education. Implications suggest that ESG entrepreneurship education and active participatory learning affect social value recognition and that teachers' enthusiasm plays a significant role in education.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.353-364
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the achievement standards for grades 3-4 of the 2022 revised science curriculum and identify the goals of science education for grades 3-4 of the 2022 revised curriculum, as well as provide implications for the development of the science textbooks for grades 3-4 and the direction of teaching for teachers in the field. For this purpose, 57 achievement standards of the Science Department 2022 revised curriculum for grades 3-4 were analyzed as to their knowledge dimensions and cognitive processes according to Bloom's Taxonomy of the New Educational Objectives. In cases where an achievement standard is a double sentence or combines two or more knowledge dimensions or cognitive process dimensions, we separated the sentences after having consulted with a group of experts and divided the achievement standards into 57 sentences. We then analyzed the frequency of the categorization of concepts and descriptors by comparing them with the previously studied elementary science standards from the 2015 revised curriculum. The main findings of the study are as follows. First, in the knowledge dimension, the "factual knowledge" accounted for 50 items (86%), compared to "conceptual knowledge" (10%), and "procedural knowledge" (4%), and "metacognitive knowledge" was not analyzed at all. Second, in terms of the cognitive processes, "Understanding" was the highest at 60% with 34 items. It was followed by "applying" with 11%, "creating" with 19%, "evaluating" with 15%, and "analyzing" and "remembering" with 6%. Third, when analyzing the descriptors, "I can explain" was the highest with 9%, followed by "comparison" with 6%, and "practice" and "classification" with 5%. Fourth, compared to the 2015 revised curriculum, "conceptual knowledge" was reduced and "factual knowledge" was overwhelmingly increased. Fifth, in the cognitive process dimension, "understanding,' has increased significantly, while the other cognitive process dimensions have decreased. Conclusions and implications based on these findings are as follows: the focus of the Science Department for grades 3-4 in the 2022 revised curriculum is heavily weighted toward the "factual knowledge," with "understanding" dominating the cognitive process dimensions. As a result, many concepts and applications have been reduced. Based on the results of the comparison of the descriptors with the results of the 2015 revised curriculum, the implications for the development of the science textbooks for grades 3-4 of the 2022 revised curriculum were discussed, and so were the implications of the curriculum for the field.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.643-654
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the implications of religious activities to longevity in a perspective of religious people in the ancient near east. The major sources of the study are the records of Adad-Guppi in the Neo-Babylonian Empire, prayers of Daniel in the Old Testament and records of Anna in the New Testament. The research method is a synchronic method based on final forms of the texts. Adad-Guppi lived for 104 years with temple-centered lives, fasting-like dedication, prayer and mission for the nation. Daniel fasted and prayed for the return of Jewish nation, and restoration of the city and the temple in Jerusalem, resulting in longevity of late eighties in the court of Babylon. Anna lived for more than 100 years old with her life mission for the messiah in spite of limitations of her times as an old widow. The implications of religious activities with temple-centered lives, fasting, prayer, and mission for the ages are understood to be beneficial to longevity in a perspective of the ancient near east.