• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.109-109
• /
• 2004

• Defense and Technology
• /
• no.10 s.224
• /
• pp.76-87
• /
• 1997

박격포는 성능과 전술적 관점에서 20세기말에 괄목할만한 발전을 하고 있다. 대구경화 및 사거리 신장, 신소재에 의한 경량화, 스마트탄 개발, 신관 및 유탄의 개발, 차량 탑재화로 신속한 기동, 사격통제시스템의 발전 등으로 시험사격 없이 초탄에 바로 정확한 효력사를 발사할 수 있으며, 미리 선정된 사격진지로 포탑화 장갑 박격포 시스템으로 신속한 기동이 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.231-240
• /
• 2012

During the past two decades, Metal Injection Molding(MIM) has become a very competitive technology to fabricate small, precise and complex-shaped parts in large quantities. In this research, the applicability of MIM technology in the mass-production of the high precision fuze parts to save manufacturing cost was investigated. The water-atomized 17-4PH stainless steel powder, one of the best corrosion-resistant high strength materials, was injection-molded into real-shape fuze part and flat tensile specimens. The injection-molded parts were thermally debound in hydrogen gas flow without solvent extraction. Sintering of the debound parts was carried out in vacuum at temperatures ranging from $1150^{\circ}C$ to $1370^{\circ}C$. The sintering behavior, mechanical properties, dimensional precision, corrosion resistance of the MIMed 17-4PH stainless parts were investigated. It was found that almost all the properties of the MIMed parts were comparable to those of the mechanically machined parts. Also, actual military field tests using both MIMed and mechanically machined fuze parts were performed as well and were found to be very successful.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.719-726
• /
• 2009

A delay system in fuze for high explosive shell is an important safety device, but failure in the delay system usually causes failure of the shell. Root-cause analysis of failure in the delay system is required since failure in over 10-years stored delay system recently occurs. In this paper, failure in the delay system was reproduced experimentally to examine aged characteristics of the delay system, and the failed delay system shows the same characteristics as ones of failed delay systems in field. Based on the reproduced experiments, accelerated life testings and the data analysis of failure times of delay systems were performed to predict the storage lifetime.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.613-621
• /
• 2013

This paper presents the direction finding proximity fuze sensor using the clutter rejection method and the adaptive target detection algorithm for anti-air missiles. To remove effects by clutter and detect a target accurately, the clutter rejection method of Legendre sequence with BPSK(Bi phase Shift Keying) modulation has been proposed and the Doppler signal which has cross correlation characteristics is obtained from reflected target signals. Considering the change of the Doppler signal, the adaptive target detection algorithm has been developed and the direction finding algorithm has been fulfilled by comparing received powers from adjacent three receiving antennas. The encounter simulation test apparatus was made to collect and analyze reflected signal and test results showed that the -10 dBsm target was detected over 10 meters and the target with mesh clutter was detected and direction was distinguished definitely.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 2017

This study proposes an evaluation method for time delay function(TDF) of Point Detonation(PD) fuse using underwater explosion and water entry phenomena. Until now, nothing but the naked eyes of an observer or video images have been used to determine whether the TDF of PD fuze is operated or not. The observer has verified the performance of TDF by analysing the shape of the plume formed by underwater explosion. However, it is very difficult to evaluate the TDF of PD fuse by these conventional methods. In order to overcome this issue, we propose a method using underwater sound signal emitted from the underwater explosion of high explosive charge. The result shows that the measured sound signal is in accord with the physical phenomena of water entry of warhead as well as underwater explosion. Also, from the hypothesis test of bubble period, difference on underwater sound analysis between dud event and delay one is proved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.104-111
• /
• 2017

A new explosive bellows, which has a diameter of 8.0 mm and a length of 25.4 mm, was developed for a warhead fuze. The new explosive bellows delivers a thrust of 4.5 kgf over a stroke of 25.4 mm. A new gas generator containing BP/MTV ignition charge was also developed and the output test equipment, which measures the length of spring compressed by the function of explosive bellows, was also devised. In order to find out that the new explosive bellows meets the design requirements, the sensitivity tests and output tests were conducted. The test results show that the new explosive bellows meets the requirements and can be applicable to a warhead fuze.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
• /
• v.36
• /
• pp.117-152
• /
• 2020

In Daesoon Thought, Matteo Ricci is regarded highly as a Jongjang, 'religious leader,' (of Christianity). This paper deals with the life and philosophical/theological thought of Matteo Ricci as homo-religiosus from the perspective of phenomenology of religion. Examining his historical background and biographical sketch, I will analyze Ricci's understanding of God, humanity, and salvation and re-evaluate his relationship with Daesoon Thought. Matteo Ricci, born in Italy, became a Jesuit missionary to China and transmitted various products of western civilization. Accepting the pro-cultural approach of Jesuit mission, he applied it to Chinese culture and language by learning the Chinese language and regarding Chinese people as his friends. This was a sympathetic way to transmit Western religion and culture while on Chinese soil. He suggested eight reasons to look towards the future of China with optimism and taught Chinese people his Christian message through his indirect means of understanding and persuasion. In China, Jesuit missionaries called the Christian God 'Tianzhu (Cheonju in Sino-Korean),' meaning Lord of Heaven. Ricci identified the Confucian notion of 'Shangdi (Sangje in Sino-Korean),' meaning Supreme Emperor (or God) with Tianzhu. While translating Confucian scriptures, he found the common ground between Confucianism and Christianity to be the monotheism of ancient Confucianism. He criticized the concepts of God in Buddhism and Daoism, and justified the Christian doctrine of God by way of a Confucian understanding of deity. Ricci's understanding of humanity was based on his Christian faith in creation, and he criticized the Buddhist concept of transmigration. He proposed Christian ethics and doctrine of salvation by using discourse on the afterlife and in particular, the concepts of heaven and hell. Concerning the relationship between Daesoon Thought and Ricci, the following aspects should be examined: 1.) Ricci's contribution to the cultural exchanges between East and West, 2.) his peaceful approach to his mission based on dialogue and persuasion, 3.) the various activities conducted by Ricci as a Christian leader, and 4.) his belief in miraculous healings. His influence on Korea will likewise be explored. Ricci's ultimate aim was to communicate with Asian people and unify East and West under a singular worldview by emphasizing the similarities between the Christian and Confucian concepts of God.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
• /
• v.35
• /
• pp.109-145
• /
• 2020

Jeungsan, Kang Il-Sun (hereafter, Jeungsan)'s perspective on divine beings can be characterized by the philosophical notion of divinity, which recognizes a variety of divine entities. Jeungsan insisted that all things embrace divine entities. Furthermore, he claimed that the backgrounds of all incidents were influenced by these gods. Jeungsan thought that the universe consists of the heavenly realm, the earthly realm and the underground realm. He insisted that there were many gods in each realm. And Jeungsan defined his times as the era of divine beings, which meant that the age was a time for divine beings to actively interact with one another and take the lead in world affairs. Divine beings were briskly involved in human affairs and could either reciprocate gratitude or attain revenge. They were also divine beings that could change the acts and perception of humans as well as judge human acts. However, Jeungsan predicted that by the time the paradisiacal land of immortals was established in the Later World, divine beings would instead run errands for humans. In addition, he forecast that divine beings would be entities likely to harbor grievances just like humans, yet they would ultimately become perfected beings in the Later World. Jeungsan further suggested a multitude of various concepts such as the mutual relationship wherein the realm of divine beings and the realm of humanity interrelate with each other, the mutual responses and functions between them, mutual itineration, co-existence, and the homogeneity of divine beings and humans, which described how both have the same innate characteristics. Jeungsan proposed the concept that 'Divinity is an existential state experienced after one's death." In this regard, he is the one who formulated a new perspective of divinity. Moreover, Jeunsan stressed the immortality of humans (continuity or eternality) and the co-existence of divine beings and humans. He emphasized that divinity is intrinsically immanent and the realm of divine beings has a hierarchical system that maintains order and is akin to that of the human realm. Jeungsan recognized a revolutionary change and perspective based on humanity by suggesting a unique view of humanity. In other words, he was a religious figure who introduced an ingenious view of divinity and dramatically transformed this pattern of reasoning. In conclusion, Jeungsan re-interpreted traditional views of divinity in Korea and systemized them into a new concept of divinity in an ingenious way.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.7
• /
• pp.82-89
• /
• 2020

Among the explosives in ammunition, the delay elements, which are used as a retardant, could be influenced by the ambient temperature in the Republic of Korea, where the highest and lowest average annual temperature difference is clear. On the other hand, there has been no domestic research on this. This study examined the linear burning rates of the zirconium-nickel delay elements depending on the ambient temperature in South Korea. The ambient temperature data of South Korea were obtained from the meteorological administration, which was used to set the experimental conditions. The operational time for the K414 fuze was measured by changing the ambient temperature by 10 ℃ from -40 ℃ to 50 ℃. To convert the delay time into the burning rates, the height of the delay element in the K414 fuze body was used. The results indicated that the characteristics of the burning rates for the zirconium-nickel delay element could be estimated as linear, and both the burning rates and the delay time of the zirconium-nickel delay element were 2.73mm/ms and -4.18ms, respectively. This led to an approximately 80 ms delay time difference in the environment where the highest and lowest average annual temperature difference was above 20 ℃. Therefore, the delay time reflecting the ambient temperature should be considered when the test evaluation criteria of zirconium-nickel delay elements are established.