• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2011

This study was carried out to analyze the problems on several steps of the establishment of the Nature Ecological Forest in Yeouido Park, Seoul, and also to suggest improved approaches on each step. For execution drawing, planting models and plans seemed to be uncertain, and the quantity and size of planting trees seemed to be impractical. For construction, the woody plants planted on the site were different in species and size from the planting plan. Ecological planting was somewhat limited because of the inappropriate soil properties. For management, replacement of the dead trees was not executed properly, and no management scheme was prepared after the replacement period. We suggested improved approaches for the establishment of ecological forests in urban areas as follows: for execution drawing, overstory, understory and herbaceous ground cover layers should be composed based on standard plant community structures. Trees that are available from tree markets should be specified in the planting plan. For construction, trees for planting need to be tagged to identify species and size. When tree species and size are changed, they should be checked to ensure that they are proper to the plant community model. Soil information should be collected to check that they fit the target plant community model. For management, the proper amount of trees needs to be specified in the planting plan by applying regular discount rates, especially for trees supplied from the government sector. The replacement period should be extended from two years to five years. The change of plant communities should be monitored during first five years after establishment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.160-166
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• 2017

This study was performed to develop the efficient phytoremediation model in the paddy soil contaminated with heavy metals by cultivating Pteris multifida and Artemisia princeps with different mixing ratios (1:0, 8:1, 6:1, 4:1). As a result of investigating the heavy metal accumulation of each plant per dried material (1 kg), content of arsenic and cadmium was the highest in aerial part of P. multifida (169.82, $1.70mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}DW$, each) among the treated group. Lead content was the highest ($12.58mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}DW$) in the aerial part of P. multifida cultivated with 8:1 mixed planting. But the content of copper and zinc was the highest (33.94, $61.78mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}DW$, each) in the aerial part of A. princeps with 8:1 treatment. Regardless of heavy metals, plant uptake from the $1m^2$ soil was the highest in 4:1 mixed planting group, which showed the best yield of A. princeps.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.205-205
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• 2020

도시화로 인해 불투수층의 증가는 강우시 유출을 증가시켜 물순환을 왜곡시키고 다양한 오염물질을 수계로 배출시켜 수질악화 및 수생태계를 훼손시킨다. 이러한 환경 수문학적 문제를 해결하기 위하여 침투, 여과, 저류 등의 물리적 기작, 식생 및 토양의 생물학적 기작을 이용한 LID 기술을 적용하고 있다. LID 시설에 적용되는 식물은 심미적, 경관성을 증대시켜주나, 다량의 오염물질이 유입될 경우 일부 식물의 고사를 유발한다. 따라서 본 연구는 LID 시설내 식물 체내 중금속 농도를 파악하고자 수행하였다. 본 연구는 지붕 강우유출수를 처리를 위해 설치된 LID 시설(침투화분) 모니터링 대상 지점으로 선정하였으며, 패랭이(Dianthus chinensis)와 조팝나무(Spiraea fritschiana)가 식재되어있다. LID 시설 내 식재된 식물과의 비교를 위해 패랭이와 조팝나무가 식재된 화단을 각각 대조군으로 선정하였다. 패랭이는 잎과 뿌리, 조팝나무는 줄기와 잔가지로 구분하여 체내 중금속 함량에 대해 분석을 수행하였다. 중금속 분석은 토질오염공정시험기준에 의해 Fe, Ni, Zn, As를 분석하였다. 연구결과, LID 시설에 적용된 식생과 대조군 식생의 체내 Fe 농도는 패랭이(1176.9~3804.6mg/kg), 조팝나무(218.4~342.5mg/kg)이며, Ni의 경우 패랭이(13.3~21.4mg/kg), 조팝나무(7.2~12.5mg/kg) Zn은 패랭이(33.6~160.5mg/kg), 조팝나무(46.1~243.2mg/kg), As는 패랭이(7.3~37.3mg/kg), 조팝나무(1.9~8.7mg/kg)로 대조군에 비해 유사하거나 높은 값을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, LID 시설에 식재된 조팝나무는 대조군에 비해 줄기는 약 26배, 잔가지 19배 이상 높은 농도를 보이는 것으로 나타났으나, 중금속 농도의 차이는 식물의 중금속 흡수 혹은 토양의 중금속 흡착능력이 토양의 종류, 특성에 따라 다를 수 있기 때문에 모니터링 환경에 따라 편차가 존재할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.16-24
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• 2015

This study quantified storage and annual uptake of carbon for riparian greenspaces established in watersheds of four major rivers in South Korea and explored desirable strategies to improve carbon reduction effects of riparian greenspaces. Greenspace structure and planting technique in the 40 study sites sampled were represented by single-layered planting of small trees in low density, with stem diameter at breast height of $6.9{\pm}0.2cm$ and planting density of $10.4{\pm}0.8trees/100m^2$ on average. Storage and annual uptake of carbon per unit area by planted trees averaged $8.2{\pm}0.5t/ha$ and $1.7{\pm}0.1t/ha/yr$, respectively, increasing as planting density got higher. Mean organic matter and carbon storage in soils were $1.4{\pm}0.1%$ and $26.4{\pm}1.5t/ha$, respectively. Planted trees and soils per ha stored the amount of carbon emitted from gasoline consumption of about 61 kL, and the trees per ha annually offset carbon emissions from gasoline use of about 3 kL. These carbon reduction effects are associated with tree growth over five years to fewer than 10 years after planting, and predicted to become much greater as the planted trees grow. This study simulated changes in annual carbon uptake by tree growth over future 30 years for typical planting models selected as different from the planting technique in the study sites. The simulation revealed that cumulative annual carbon uptake for a multilayered and grouped ecological planting model with both larger tree size and higher planting density was approximately 1.9 times greater 10 years after planting and 1.5 times greater 30 years after than that in the study sites. Strategies to improve carbon reduction effects of riparian greenspaces suggest multilayered and grouped planting mixed with relatively large trees, middle/high density planting of native species mixed with fast-growing trees, and securing the soil environment favorable for normal growth of planting tree species. The research findings are expected to be useful as practical guidelines to improve the role of a carbon uptake source, in addition to water quality conservation and wildlife inhabitation, in implementing riparian greenspace projects under the beginning stage.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.233-244
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• 1995

• Landscaping Tree
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• v.57 no.7_8
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• pp.23-26
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• 2000

• Landscaping Tree
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• v.69 no.7_8
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• pp.34-38
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• 2002

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.173-185
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• 2015

Janggun mine (longitude $129^{\circ}$ 03'38.91" Latitude $36^{\circ}$ 51'31.59") had been operated as an underground mine for last few decades. As the part of the remediation process, the surface of tailing dump was covered with uncontaminated soil about 20 cm in depth and acacia trees were planted. Heavy metal uptake of acacia from tailing soil has continued for the past 15 years. Heavy metal concentration ranges of tailing soil that contaminated with As (66.43-9325.34 mg/kg), Cd (0.96-1.09 mg/kg), Cu (16.90-57.60 mg/kg), Pb (57.33-945.67 mg/kg), and Zn (154.48-278.61 mg/kg) have higher than those of control soil As (38.98 mg/kg), Cd (0.42 mg/kg), Cu (10.26 mg/kg), Pb (8.21 mg/kg), Zn (46.74 mg/kg). The As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn concentrations of leaf of acacia in highly contaminated tailing dump were 165.95, 0.04, 10.68, 3.18, 48.11 mg/kg, respectively. The metal contents of leaf of acacia tree that obtained from uncontaminated control soil are 1.31 of As, 3.90 of Cu, 0.22 of Pb and 11.01 mg/kg of Zn. It was investigated that in the acacia tree, heavy metals such as As, Cu, Pb and Zn tend to be more highly concentrated in bark and leaf, compared with sapwood and heartwood.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.6
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• pp.863-870
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• 2010

We investigated geographical condition and soil characteristic of ginseng cultivation site. At all sites, crown density adjusted by 80%. and Air and soil temperature were also measured. The geographical condition vary ato all sites. and soil shows similar characteristics with typical forest soil of Korea. The results shows the Air temperature needs to be higher than $15^{\circ}C$ for seed budding at April When soil temperature reach at 8, leaf of foest ginseng starts to bud. A forest ginseng is influenced by forest type, planting type and budding rates. In the case of a seedling planting, an seeding emergence rate is high, but the rate is decreased rapidly after three years On the other hand, direct seeding shows lower seedling emergence rate, but survival rate is higher than seedling-planting.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2006

This study was carried out to evaluate the recycled waste soils from construction site for using vegetation media. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, $Cr^{6+}$, As, Hg, Cu, Cn, organic P, TCE, and PCE were measured at recycled soil piles of an industrial waste treating company in the Metropolitan landfill area. The concentrations of polluted materials did not exceed to the standard critical levels of soil pollution in all analyzed items. The results suggested a high potential of recycling of the wastes soils for vegetation soil media. However, Cd and $Cr^{6+}$ almost reached the critical levels by the time of sampling, and it is necessary to develop a skill to lower concentrations of those pollutants. In the turfgrass test, the recycled soil did show an encouraging result as vegetation media in the early growth stage of perennial ryegrass.