• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.493-502
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• 2006

This study analyzed greenspace structure focused on greenspace areas and vegetation structure for Yanggu, investigated resident attitudes to the greenspace, and explored strategies to improve greenspace functions in a rural region. Woody plant cover was approximately 29% for parks and only 3% for commercial gardens. The amount of planting for Yanggu was poor, as compared with the results of similar studies for urban areas. Trees, of which dbh was below 20cm, accounted for 91% of all trees and the tree-age structure was largely characterized by a young, growing tree population. Based on the analysis of mean importance values (MIV) of woody plant species, only a few were different in dominant species from urban areas. Four species among 10 species with highest MIV in Yanggu were very common species also ranked among 10 in cities. The most dominant species planted in residential and commercial gardens were practical plants such as fruit or edibles. Greenspace covered about 69% of parks, 39% of residential gardens, 37% of institutional gardens, 24% of streets, and 15% of commercial gardens, respectively. Tree planting potential revealed that present woody plant cover can be increased additionally by 6 times in the streets and by 2 times in the residential and commercial gardens. Based on the results of greenspace structure, planting patterns, and questionary investigation, some strategies were suggested to enlarge greenspace including its environmental functions. They included identifying each street section through setting up themes and planting appropriate species, creating multilayered vegetation structures, and promoting planting in bare grounds of gardens and around a buildings for saving energy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.88-103
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• 2019

This paper aims to identify planting design for the renewal of Okgu Park, located in Siheung, Gyeonggi-do. I designate planting concept fit spatial functions and also suggest planting designs that are proper for a growth environment. The spatial functions of the research site are divided on the basis of the park facilities, its surroundings, and usage. To understand the planting concept, this paper looks into the distribution of plant species and the precise planting structure. To understand the planting concept and the current usage of shade space in the park, I examine the distribution of plant species and the precise planting structure. There are 48 kinds of plants, with Zoysia japonica area (28.84%), Prunus yedoensis (8.0%), Pinus thunbergii (6.73%) and Zelkova serrata (6.38%) taking up the majority. 27 places were chosen for researching the precise planting structure. The research shows that the average green coverage ratio is 38.14% and the average green capacity coefficient is $0.72m^3/m^2$. The growth defective rate of trees in the shade areas is estimated by averaging the classified growth conditions of individual trees per block of shade areas. Areas with an inferior environment for growth and low spatial usage in Okgu Park are selected as subjects for planting design. After comparing the spatial functions with planting concepts and analyzing the growth of plants, I identify $36,236m^2$ areas with inferior growth condition. I also examine structures and the surrounding areas to find areas that require urgent planting improvement, specifically identifying landscape space and shade space around the fountain and the buffer space nearby the North gate. I rearrange spatial functions in the selected areas to devise a planting design considering the existing vegetation, layer structure, and its usage. I set the planting concept and direction to improve the landscape of the selected areas through implementing a planting design so the park users can be satisfied with each space.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.141-143
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• 2004

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.233-244
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• 1995

• Korean Architects
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• no.11 s.93
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• pp.29-33
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• 1976

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.32-34
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.78-90
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• 1998

An objective of this study was to provide database for the planting disign of buffer green space. Types, planting structure, and effect of vuffer green space were investigated in five housing complexes of newtown of metropolitan area, Korea. Buffer green space in the study sites were constructed as mounding, slope, and plate. The number of species was found 20 tree and sub-tree species(10 evergreen and 20 deciduous species ) and 13 shrub species. These species were planted in one-storyed planting structure and there was no difference with ornamental species in the urban parks. Effect of sound proof by the buffer green space was recognized but sound level in four types among the seven types was observed above standard sound level for housing complex(65dB). Effect of sound proof was especially most effective in the mounding type. It was found that planting density and index of plant crown volume were mot satisfied to the function of buffer green space because of lower density and crown volume than natural vegetation per unit. Based on these results, this study suggested that buffer green space is desirable to be developed in the mounding type over two meters height with multi-layer planting model. In addition, there is needed to consider vegetation structure of natural forest around the developing site.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2002

In construction field, million tons of demolished concrete are produced in korea. It is urgently needed that they are used as recycled materials in order to prevent environment pollution and gain economic profits. However, existing recycling methods of demolished concrete have their limits for wide application. They have been only focused on the burying and banking. Therefore, in this paper, physical and mechanical properties of planting concrete using construction wastes for aggregates are described in order to investigate the validities of demolished concrete as recycled aggregates. The Properties of strength and durability are tested. According to the experimental results, compressive strength and freeze-thaw resistance of planting concrete using recycled aggregates shows worse performance than those using crushed stone concrete. But, it shows positive performance on the absorption ratio and thermal conductivity. Especially, considering the side of recycling of concrete wastes, it is recommended that recycled aggregates made with construction wastes is applied to planting concrete.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.941-945
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• 2007

도시하천에서 환경적 기능이 중요성을 더해가면서 복단면의 홍수터에 교목이 식재 되어지는 경우가 있다. 그러나 식생은 하천의 흐름저항을 크게 하고 통수능을 감소시켜 수위상승이나 국부적인 유속 증가를 유발할 수 있으므로 하천에 식생대를 조성하거나 향후 관리를 위해서는 식재로 인해 변화되는 수리학적 특성들을 이해하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 하천복원의 주 대상이 될 수 있는 도시하천의 홍수터에 교목의 식재 가능성을 알아보기 위해 수리실험을 실시하였다. 실험수로는 우리나라 도시하천의 대부분이 홍수터를 갖는 복단면임을 고려하여 복단면 형태로 제작하였으며, 실험은 길이 16 m, 폭 0.8 m, 높이 0.9 m이고 벽면이 아크릴로 된 직사각형 가변 경사 개수로 실험 장치를 이용하였다. 수로경사는 0.5 %, 실험 식생의 밀도는 4.4 %로 고정하고, 실험유량을 $0.03{\sim}0.04\;m^3/s$, 수심(h)과 홍수터 폭(w)의 비(h/w)를 1.2, 1.7, 2.2로 변화시키면서 실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 최대 수심변화는 유량이 $0.04\;m^3/s$이고 수심/홍수터 폭 비가 1.2일때 약 4 %로 측정되었고, 저수로에서의 유속의 증가 범위는 단면 평균유속에 비교하여 약 $50{\sim}85\;%$로 확인되었다. 이는 복단면에서의 저수로 유속은 홍수터에 식재가 되었을 경우가 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 더욱 빨라짐을 의미한다. 따라서 복단면의 홍수터에 교목을 식재할 경우에는 식재에 의한 수위상승 영향 보다는 저수로에서의 유속증가에 더 많은 관심을 가질 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.188-199
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose was to identify the ingredients that are usually surveyed for assessing real prices and to present the demand for such surveys by nutrition teachers and dietitians for ingredients used by school foodservice. Methods: A survey was conducted online from December 2019 to January 2020. The survey questionnaire was distributed to 1,158 nutrition teachers and dietitians from elementary, middle, and high schools nationwide, and 439 (37.9% return rate) of the 1,158 were collected and used for data analysis. Results: The ingredients which were investigated for price realities directly by schools were industrial products in 228 schools (51.8%), fruits in 169 schools (38.4%), and specialty crops in 166 schools (37.7%). Moreover, nutrition teachers and dietitians in elementary, middle, and high schools searched in different ways for the real prices of ingredients. In elementary schools, there was a high demand for price information about grains, vegetables or root and tuber crops, special crops, fruits, eggs, fishes, and organic and locally grown ingredients by the School Foodservice Support Centers. Real price information about meats, industrial products, and pickled processed products were sought from the external specialized institutions. In addition, nutrition teachers and dietitians in middle and high schools wanted to obtain prices of all of the ingredients from the Offices of Education or the District Office of Education. Conclusions: Schools want to efficiently use the time or money spent on research for the real prices of ingredients through reputable organizations or to co-work with other nutrition teachers and dietitians. The results of this study will be useful in understanding the current status of the surveys carried out to determine the real price information for ingredients used by the school foodservice.