• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.551-555
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• 2015

본 연구는 수체 내 오염물질을 직접적으로 처리할 수 있는 친자연형 소재와 생물을 통한 처리의 다양한 기술 및 공법 중 식생을 이용한 수질의 정화효율에 대해 조사 하였다. 사용된 식생은 환경부 '하천식물자료집'을 바탕으로 수질정화능력이 있고 다년생으로 안정적인 생육특성을 갖는 식생으로 노랑꽃창포, 부들, 수크령, 질경이택사, 창포를 선정하여 약 13 L 크기의 원통형 반응조내에서 실험을 진행하였다. 선별된 식생들은 물가에 서식하는 식물로 15 cm 마사토를 식재 기반으로 하여 반침수 조건으로 실험을 진행하였다. 유입수는 경기도 용인시 기흥구에 위치한 기흥저수지 샘플과 경기도 화성시에 위치한 황구지천 샘플 혼합액 7 L를 주입하여 유입수 대비 유출수의 COD, T-N, T-P에 대한 저감 효율을 검토하였다. 노랑꽃 창포와 창포의 경우 침수된 부분에 플럭이 발생하여 투명도가 낮은 것으로 확인되었고, 수크령과 질경이택사의 경우 노랑꽃 창포와 창포에 비해 플럭의 발생은 적었지만 투명도는 비교적 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 특히 부들은 다른 식생에 비해 성장이 왕성한 것을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 수체의 탁도 또한 매우 낮아 투명한 것으로 확인되었다. 실험 종료 시점에는 창포의 경우 수체 내에서 잎 자체가 분해되어 식재기반 상부가 검정색으로 혐기화 된 것으로 나타났고, 부들의 경우 플럭이 약간 형성되었으나 투명도가 좋고 성장이 왕성한 특징을 나타내었다. 부들의 경우 COD, T-P의 평균 제거효율이 각각 47.1%, 46.0%로 조사되었고, 노랑꽃창포의 경우 T-N의 평균 제거효율이 63.9%로 선별 된 식생 중 가장 높게 조사되었다. 따라서 수질정화를 위한 공법으로는 부들과 노랑꽃창포가 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.495-495
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• 2017

도시화는 불투수면의 증가를 야기 시켜 물순환 왜곡, 다양한 오염 물질의 유입으로 인한 비점오염물질 유출, 인공 배출열의 증가로 인한 도시열섬효과 등 다양한 문제를 유발한다. 이러한 수리수문학적 및 환경생태학적 문제를 저감하기 위하여 도시지역과 같은 개발 사업에서는 수환경을 가능한 자연 상태로 복원하는 저영향개발(Low Impact Development, LID)기법이 중요한 대안으로 제시되고 있다. LID기법 중 하나인 옥상녹화는 에너지 이용을 최소한으로 한 자연 녹음의 효과적인 이용을 도모하여 환경공생도시 조성과 식물을 매개로한 자연 순환 과정을 도시구조에 도입하여 순환 시스템 재생이 가능 하도록한다. 노지녹화는 두꺼운 자연 토양을 이용하는 반면 옥상녹화는 적재하중의 제약(옥상의 적재하중 조건은 $150{\sim}180kgf/m^2$이다. 비중이 1.6~1.8인 토양을 20cm 객토한 경우, 약 $320kgf/m^2 $이상의 적재하중이 되기에 식재기반의 경량화는 중요한 사안이다.)으로 인해 용적밀도가 작은 인공경량토양 또는 개량토양을 이용하며, 토양 두께도 얇게 설정된다. 또한 토양의 두께는 식물의 크기와 종류 및 토양의 조성에 따라 다르기에 적재하중 조건을 고려한 적절한 토양과 식재 식물의 크기와 종류 결정은 중요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 옥상녹화식생에 대한 평가와 이에 대한 시험 프로세스가 가능한 실험 장치를 개발하였다. 옥상녹화 효율성 검증실험장비는 1m*1m*0.6m 아크릴 재질의 녹화셀로 경사조절이 가능하도록 설계하여 경사변화에 따른 유출, 침투, 증발산량의 탄성도 모의 평가를 할 수 있다. 또한 4점식 형태의 로드셀을 이용하여 녹화셀에서 발생하는 증발산량을 측정하고 관측된 증발산량은 RS-232c 이상의 통신프로토콜을 사용하여 주기적인 관측치의 송수신이 가능하며 주기적 자료송수신 외에도 옥상 녹화셀의 측면에 하중 표시기를 설치하여 관측이 가능하다. 또한 저면에 바퀴설치를 통하여 이동 실험이 용이하며 현재 부산대학교 양산캠퍼스 한국 GI&LID 실증단지 연구센터 내 옥상녹화 실험장에 옥상녹화 효율성 검증 실험 장비를 설치하여 자연 혹은 인공강우를 통한 유출, 침투, 증발산량의 시험계측을 실시중이다. 이러한 옥상녹화 효율성 검증실험장비는 최대 하중 2,000kg, 측정해상도 0.02kg 이상을 허용하는 로드셀과 녹화셀을 이용하여 하중을 고려한 식생의 종류에 따른 평가가 가능하므로 최적 식재기반 단면구조 개발에 이용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 토양 함수량 변화 측정으로 옥상녹화에 이용되는 다양한 종류의 식물의 염분에 대한 저항성과 식물의 성장능력을 평가하여 녹화공간에 따른 옥상녹화에 사용할 식생을 결정할 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.472-480
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• 2019

Selection of the plant material for planting to reduce fine dust should comprehensively consider the visual characteristics, such as the shape and texture of the plant leaves and form of bark, which affect the adsorption function of the plant. However, previous studies on reduction of fine dust through plants have focused on the absorption function rather than the adsorption function of plants and on foliage plants, which are indoor plants, rather than the outdoor plants. In particular, the criterion for selection of fine dust reduction species is not specific, so research on the selection criteria for plant materials for fine dust reduction in urban areas is needed. The purpose of this study is to identify the priorities of eight indicators that affect the fine dust reduction by using the fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model (MCDM) and establish the tree selection criteria for the urban planting to reduce fine dust. For the purpose, we conducted a questionnaire survey of those who majored in fine dust-related academic fields and those with experience of researching fine dust. A result of the survey showed that the area of leaf and the tree species received the highest score as the factors that affect the fine dust reduction. They were followed by the surface roughness of leaves, tree height, growth rate, complexity of leaves, edge shape of leaves, and bark feature in that order. When selecting the species that have leaves with the coarse surface, it is better to select the trees with wooly, glossy, and waxy layers on the leaves. When considering the shape of the leaves, it is better to select the two-type or three-type leaves and palm-shaped leaves than the single-type leaves and to select the serrated leaves than the smooth edged leaves to increase the surface area for adsorbing fine dust in the air on the surface of the leaves. When considering the characteristics of the bark, it is better to select trees that have cork layers or show or are likely to show the bark loosening or cracks than to select those with lenticel or patterned barks. This study is significant in that it presents the priorities of the selection criteria of plant material based on the visual characteristics that affect the adsorption of fine dust for the planning of planting to reduce fine dust in the urban area. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the selection of trees for plantation planning in the urban area.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.321-326
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• 2005

We investigated the effects of pollutants on two pine species (Pinus koraiensis and Pinus rigida) in an industrial region, using a physiological approach. We measured the growth and physiological parameters (photosynthetic activity and chemical contents) of the pine trees in relation to environmental pollutants. The concentrations of manganese (Mn), fluorine (F) and chlorine (CI) in needles of two pine species at the damaged site were significantly higher than those at the control site, and concentrations of essential elements (P) and chlorophyll in needles at the damaged site were significantly lower than at the control site. The light-saturated net photosynthesis $(P_{sat})$, apparent quantum yield $(\Phi)$, carboxylation efficiency (CE) of both pines at the damaged site were significantly lower than those at the control site. The length of shoots and survivorship of needles of two pines at the damaged site were significantly lower than those at the control site. Especially, at damaged site, growth of shoots and needle longevity of P. koraiensis are larger than those of P. rigida.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.165-172
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• 2003

Temperature lowering effects varied by the arrangement and types of vegetation The effects of the arrangement and types of vegetation on lowering temperature have shown following results. 1) The temperature range of a vegetation shows that a higher temperature was recorded near urban towns while lower temperature was observed around the vegetation area and small streams. 2) The relationship between the arrangement of a vegetation and the temperature indicates that the lower temperature area matches with each vegetation area. Streets between vegetations and the lower end of the wind area have also lower temperature. 3) The relationship between inter-vegetationstreets and the temperature indicates that the lower temperature area has been observed not only at the streets of the lower end of the wind but at the streets in-between streets as well. Even when there's no vegetation area from which the wind blows, inter-vegetation streets showed the lower temperature. 4) With land coverage ratio and the temperature, the increase of planted areas, grass areas, and water level have positive effects on lowering the temperature while bare areas increase it. 5) From arbor to sub-arbor, the increase of trees has a significant effect on lowering the temperature of nearby area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.4
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• pp.656-662
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• 2012

This study has been undertaken to research the characteristics of growth of Pinus thunbergii Parl., which were planted in Uljin-gun, Gyeongbuk, Coast Disaster Prevention Forest. The total amount of 3600 trees of 9 sand dune stabilizing hedges were monitored in the past 4 years. The relationship between tree growth with environmental factors such as wind speed, soil conditions and sand-accumulation fences has been compared and investigated. To increase the growth increment of coastal disaster prevention forests, the development of sand-accumulating fences is the most important factor in controlling wind speed effectively. The monitoring for the maximizing wind-break effect of the sand-accumulating fences should be investigated when building coastal disaster prevention forests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2021.03a
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• pp.106-107
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• 2021

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2019

Global warming becomes a serious issue that poses subsidiary issues like a sea level rise or a capricious climate over the world. Because of severe heat-wave of the summer in Korea in 2016, a big attention has been focused on urban heat island since then. Not just about heat-wave itself, many researches have been concentrated on how to adapt in this trendy warming climate and weather in a small scope. A big part of existing studies is mitigating "Urban Heat Island effect" and that is because of huge impervious surface in urban area where highly populated areas do diverse activities. It is a serious problem that this thermal context has a high possibility causing mortality by heat vulnerability. However, there have been many articles of a green infrastructures' cooling impact in summer. This research pays attention to measure cooling effect of a street planting considering urban canyon and type of green infrastructures in neighborhood scale. This quantitative approach was proceeded by ENVI-met simulation with a spatial scope of a commercial block in Seoul, Korea. We found the dense double-row planting is more sensitive to change in temperature than that of the single-row. Among the double-row planting scenarios, shrubs which have narrow space between the plant and the land surface were found to store heat inside during the daytime and prevent emitting heat so as to have a higher temperature at night. The quantifying an amount of vegetated spaces' cooling effect research is expected to contribute to a study of the cost and benefit for the planting scenarios' assessment in the future.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2006

This study was carried out to evaluate the recycled waste soils from construction site for using vegetation media. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, $Cr^{6+}$, As, Hg, Cu, Cn, organic P, TCE, and PCE were measured at recycled soil piles of an industrial waste treating company in the Metropolitan landfill area. The concentrations of polluted materials did not exceed to the standard critical levels of soil pollution in all analyzed items. The results suggested a high potential of recycling of the wastes soils for vegetation soil media. However, Cd and $Cr^{6+}$ almost reached the critical levels by the time of sampling, and it is necessary to develop a skill to lower concentrations of those pollutants. In the turfgrass test, the recycled soil did show an encouraging result as vegetation media in the early growth stage of perennial ryegrass.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2012

This study was undertaken to analyze 1) the growth characteristics for the optimal planting density and 2) reached ages of sap tapping for the planting timing of Acer okamotoanum in natural and plantation stand. Soil in natural stand was significantly more fertile than that of plantation stand. Early growth of A. okamotoanum in plantation stand was affected by planting density. Results showed that there was a positive relationship between the DBH and crown width in both natural and plantation stands. Reached ages by DBH were no significant difference in natural stands. Reached ages on DBH 10 cm were approximately 19 and 9 in natural and plantation stands, respectively.