• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.698-708
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• 2008

The status of eco-environments of Goryeong is evaluated from the results of National Ecosystem Survey. The areas, designated by the 1st class, are only 0.16% of total areas of Goryeong. Most of them are the regions which vegetation preservation status is well. Location of the 1st class region is mostly distributed around the summit and ridges of high mountains. The naturalness of Goryeong region is excellent, thus the status of eco-environments of Goryeong will be rapidly improved.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2003

To set out restoration plan of Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forests(EBLF), a case study was done at Wando arboretum, Sinjido and Jangdo(Island). Firstly, basic environmental survey was done and the degrade levels of EBLF was assessed. And the forest functions and restoration goal of vegetation have been established before considering and setting restoration types of vegetation and restoration techniques. Taking social demand and restoration goal etc. into consideration, the forest functions were classified into a ecosystem preservation, scenery conservation and timber production. Quercus acuta Forest, Castanopsis siebodii Forest, Persea thunbergii Forest, Cinnamomum japonicum Forest, Dendropanax morbifera Forest etc. were suggested as a restoration goal of vegetation. Restoration types of vegetation were classified into a preservation type, restoration type, reconstruction type and afforestation type. And restoration techniques were subdivided into a preservation, induction, improvement, and creation according to the degraded levels of EBLF.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2014

The description of vegetation cover and floral composition was undertaken in terms of phytosociological study in Dodamsambong(scenic site no. 44) and Danyangseokmoon(no. 45). In this study a total of 17 $relev{\acute{e}}s$ containing 144 taxa were collected and analyzed. Eight plant communities are differentiated, grouped into 4 physiognomic types: forest type(Buxus microphylla var. koreana-Thuja orientalis community, Tilia mandshurica-Quercus variabilis community, and Cynanchum wilfordii-Pinus densiflora community), mantle type(Cardamine leucantha-Neillia uekii community), secondary meadow type(Galium kinuta-Spodiopogon sibiricus community, Diarthron linifolium-Zoysia japonica community), and crevice type(Patrinia rupestris-Selaginella stauntoniana community, Hypodematium glandulosopilosum community). The vegetation of Dodamsambong and Danyangseokmoon is characterized by local flora, such as calciphilous plants, geological distribution-limit species, and endemic species. The soil depth, slope, and human impact have been identified as the most important differentiating ecological factors. Buxus microphylla var. koreana-Thuja orientalis community, Tilia mandshurica-Quercus variabilis community, and Patrinia rupestris-Selaginella stauntoniana community were evaluated highly by National Vegetation Naturalness. In order to restore the value of specific landscape for scenic site, we should improve the problems of protected area such as wrong management on habitat, forest fragmentation by facilities and decline in vegetation by lack of growing the next succession.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to decide the suitability of the land use on eco-city by analysing ecological elements using GIS. Selected ecological elements for suitability analysis were altitude, slope, watershed, biotope, soil productivity, visual sensitivity, vegetation, and green connection. The category of each element was classified into 5 grades, and was given weight according to each element. The maximum value of each element was extracted from overlay analysis process. The result of analysis was classified into 5 grade finally. As a result, land use was proposed to be development, conservation, and preservation area.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2017

The Hwasan wetland vegetation is observed at mountain basin (644~780 m a.s.l.) where had become a potential land for indigenous people since prehistoric period. We phytosociologically investigated old-growth alder (Alnus japonica) forests using the $Z\ddot{u}rich$-Montpellier School's method and analyzed their spatial distribution pattern by actual vegetation map. Species performance was determined by using coverage and r-NCD. Viburnum opulus var. calvescens-Alnus japonica community syntaxonomically belonging to the Alnetea japonicae was first described and composed of three subunits: Salix koreensis subcommunity, typical subcommunity, and Pyrus ussuriensis subcommunity. Present plant community was compared with vicariant syntaxa such as Molinia japonica-Alnus japonica community, Rhamno nipponicae-Alnetum japonicae, and Aceri-Salicetum koreensis. Hwasan's alder forest, an alluvial terrace vegetation type on valley fan in the montane zone, is evaluated as vegetation class [I], which is a sort of benchmark plant community potentially on mountain wetlands in southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula. Simultaneously we suggested an establishment of the national strategy for habitat conservation free from hydrologically radical transform due to military utilization.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.517-517
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• 2017

본 연구는 저수지 주변 생태환경 서식적합도지수를 산정하여 댐 건설 전후의 생태환경을 정량적으로 평가하고자 하였다. 생태적 가치에 대한 평가 모델 고려 인자로는 고도, 경사 및 각과 같은 물리적 요인, 산림 지형, 식생 유형, 연령층, DBH 등급과 같은 초목 요인들, 그리고 생태 자연상태, 식생 보존 분류 및 야생 생물 출현 지점과 같은 서식지 요인을 이용하였다. 각 요소의 생태학적 기능을 고려한 평가기준을 정량화하여 개발된 모델은 한탄강 댐 저수지에 적용하였다. 그 결과 댐 건설 이전의 생태 가치가 100이라고 가정했을 때, 댐 건설 이후에 물리적 요소는 83.9, 초목요소는 92.4, 그리고 서식처 요소는 84.5로 저하되었다. 전반적인 생태 가치는 건설 후 86.9 %, 13.1 % 감소하였다. 또한, 평가 요소를 쌓은 방법을 통해 생태학적으로 건강한 지역을 선정하였다. 본 연구결과는 댐 저수지에 생태 복원 계획을 수립하는 데 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2017

범람파동 개념에 따르면 하도와 홍수터의 횡적 연결성은 하천 생태계의 생물다양성과 생산성 증대에 중요한 역할을 한다. 제방에 의하여 제내지 홍수터가 하도와 차단된 우리나라 하천에서 생태적 서비스를 증대하기 위해서 횡적 연결성을 복원하는 기술 개발이 필요하다. 횡적 연결성의 복원 기술을 개발하기 위해서는 우선 하도와 홍수터 사이에 생태적 연결성의 현황을 파악하고 연결성을 저해하는 요인을 진단하는 평가 기술 개발이 시급히 요청되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 제방에 의하여 차단된 제내지 하천환경에서 수리적, 생태적 횡적 연결성을 평가하고 진단하는 기술을 개발하고 연결성 회복 방안을 제안하고자 한다. 차단된 제내지 하천환경 평가는 1) 지리정보시스템을 이용하여 차단된 하천공간을 탐색하고, 2) 탐색된 전체 재내지에서 원격평가에 의하여 간편하게 횡적 연결성 평가를 실시하고, 3) 선정된 특정 제내지 대상지에서 현장평가에 의하여 상세하게 연결성을 평가하는 순서로 수행된다. 차단된 하천공간의 획정은 홍수가 범람할 수 있는 제내지 공간을 잠재적 하천공간으로 정의하고 수치표고모델 (DEM)과 하천기본계획의 30년 빈도 홍수위 자료를 이용하여 제내지 홍수터를 탐색하였다. 제내지 홍수터의 원격 연결성평가는 지리정보시스템에서 수치지도와 토지피복도 등 공간자료를 이용하여 수리 및 서식처 환경성, 제방 차단성과 하도 및 육상 연결성을 평가하고 원격평가 결과를 토대로 현장평가 대상지를 선정하였다. 횡적 연결성의 현장평가를 위하여 크게 하도-홍수터 연결성과 제내지 서식처 보존성으로 평가 항목을 선정하였다. 또한 연결성 평가는 수리연결성과 생물연결성으로, 서식처 보존성 평가는 습지유지율, 습지보존성, 육역지보존성을 세부항목으로 구성하였다. 평가 항목별로 5 등급의 평가 기준에 따라서 평가 점수를 부여하고 평가 총점을 산출하여 최종 연결성 평가 등급을 5 단계로 구분하였다. 현장평가를 위한 MS Access 기반 소프트웨어를 개발하여, 데이터 입력과 관리 및 평가 결과 산출과 비교를 편리하게 하였다. 개발된 제내지 하천환경 평가법을 청미천과 만경강에 적용하여 검증하였다. 개발된 평가법을 바탕으로 차단된 제내지 하천환경에서 연결성 회복에 따른 어류와 식생의 분포를 예측하는 수리생태 결합모델을 개발하였다. 먼저 차단된 제내지에서 연결 수로를 복원하여 유속, 수심 분포를 준이차 수리수문 모델로 예측하였다. 예측된 수리 환경에 따라서 지표어종의 서식처 적합도 지수 (HSI)를 이용하여 서식 분포 확률을 모의하였다. 또한 일반화가법모델 (GAM)을 이용하여 환경구배에 의한 우점식생의 분포를 예측하였다. 차단된 제내지 하천환경의 생태적 연계성 평가 기술을 기반으로 제방제거, 제방후퇴, 제방고 하강, 수문 및 연결수로 개선, 생물이동 저해 장벽 제거 등의 다양한 복원기술이 개발되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.314-324
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• 2017

In order to consider application and evaluation of value and class of domestic wetland, we investigated 146 wetlands located Gyeongsangnam-do using Rapid Assessment Method (RAM). We utilized Self-Organizing-Map (SOM) to analysis relationship between evaluation index and land coverage ratio surrounding wetland. Among total 8 evaluation index, 'Fish and herptile habitat' and 'Aesthetic value' were higher, most of the wetlands evaluated as 2, 3 grade. Result of SOM analysis, 'vegetation diversity and wild animals habitat' is negatively related to the 'Fish and herptile habitat', because fishs were not prefer habitat excessively occupied by plant. However, high vegetation diversity can be support high score of 'Aesthetic' in wetland. Also, 'Erosion control' and 'Flood storage and control' were closely related, wetlands with high score of 'Erosion control' have high score of 'Flood storage and control'. When applied RAM in domestic wetland, six out of 6 evaluation index induced biased results, the index of RAM need a little change as some new or modify evaluation index. Therefore, we consider to need adjustable, subdivide, and actualization of some evaluation index for application of RAM in domestic wetlands. Consequently, wetland assessment and class using RAM can be utilized as important indicate for conservation and management of wetland, and contributed greatly to maintain biodiversity include to endangered species by preserving remaining wetland.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.28-50
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• 1997

This study was carried out in a part of conservative plans recovering natural ecosystem which will be submerged, as Hoengseong dam is being constructed around Hoengseong-Eup and Gabcheon-Myun. The submerged area was divided into 7 small areas to figure out what kinds of species of plants are and will be according to detailed geographic characteristics. In the center of the subdivided areas, Degree of Green Naturality, standing biomass, net 36production per year, and composition of plant species were investigated. The results are as following; 1. The surveyed area was classified into 8 degree by Degree of Green Naturality, and the appeared degree and the rate of occupation were 0(3.1%), 1(5.3%), 2(28.2%), 3(0.1%), 5(0.2%), 7(4.6%), 7(44.7%), and 8(13.8%). 2. Standing biomass was 88,436.3 ton/year and net production per year was 12,960.3 ton/year. 3. The list of vascular plants identified in this study consisted of 86 families, 221 genera, 1 variety, 3 formae and 306 species, totally summiting upto 310 species. 4. The 7 surveyed areas were largely occupied by Pinus community. In addition, there were Quercus mongolica, Quercus dentata, and Quercus acutissima communities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.20-30
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the ecological characteristics of Namhan Mountain Fortress Walls vascular plants through investigation and analysis of Namhan Mountain Fortress Walls and to provide basic data when establishing a plan for conservation and management of Namhansanseong Fortress Wall vascular plants. The result of this survey revealed 249 taxa composed of 77 families, 169 genera, 222 species, 5 subspecies, 19 varieties and 3 forms. In terms of life form of Namhan Mountain Fortress Walls, the appearance rate of Hemicryptophytes(H) was high. Rare plants was 1 taxa and Korea endemic plants was 5 taxa. The total number of floristic regional indicator plants was 15 taxa, gradeI 9 taxa, gradeII 2 taxa, gradeIII 3 taxa, gradeIV 1 taxa. Among them, Polygala tatarinowii Regel is considered to the most important(gradeIV), and it is first description because in Gyeonggi-do, as no additional forms have been confirmed other than this site. Plants identified as rock vegetation were found in 21 taxa. Invasive alien plants were identified 20 taxa. Plants distributed on the walls of Namhan Mountain Fortress, such as Aconitum longecassidatum Nakai, Clematis heracleifolia DC. var. tubulosa (Turcz.) Kuntze, Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H.Ohba and Polygala tatarinowii Regel etc, are feared to decrease the number of species and individuals due to the loss of walls, the spread of invasive alien plant and human interference, so conservation and management measures are needed.