• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2016

Shoreline armoring is a globally used engineering strategy to prevent shoreline erosion along stream, lake and reservoir coastlines. Armoring alters the land-water interface and has the potential to affect shoreline vegetation by changing nearshore geomorphology, hydrology, sediment composition and water quality. We quantified the effects of the artificial disturbances and alternation of the land-water interface on the community structure and distribution of shoreline vegetation in a large reservoir, Uiam Reservoir, Korea. More than 60% of shorelines were disturbed by armoring with retaining wall of concrete block, riprap and gabion in the Uiam Reservoir. The results of detrended correspondence analysis showed that the vegetation structures of the shoreline modified by armoring changed from hydrophyte-dominated to hygrophyte-dominated ecosystems. The shoreline armoring caused the disruption of gradual continuity in the water-land interface and the biological invasion by alien plants. The changes in distribution area of shoreline vegetation showed that the area of hydrophytic vegetation decreased and that of hygrophytic vegetation increased from 2010 to 2013. In conclusion, the human disturbance such as armoring, road construction, recreation etc. could lead to terrestrialization, the loss of transverse continuity and biological invasion in the shoreline vegetation of the Reservoir Uiam. Our findings suggest that redesigning or removing shoreline armoring structures may benefit nearshore hydrophytic vegetation for the conservation of novel shoreline ecosystems.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2019

The Gonggeomji Reservoir is a historical irrigation facility built in the 8th century and designated as a wetland protected area by Ministry of Environment, Korea. In order to collect the baseline data necessary for developing a sustainable conservation strategy, we investigated the classification of actual vegetation, the vegetation distribution and the floristic structure of the vegetation in the Gonggeomji Wetland Protection Area. In the whole protection area, a total of 26 plant communities were classified including the wetland, riparian, grassland, forest, farmland, and orchard vegetation. According to the results of detrended correspondence analysis, the structure of wetland vegetation was mainly affected by water depth and human disturbance. In reservoir wetlands, floating vegetation such as Utricularia vulgaris var. japonica, Trapa japonica, and emergent vegetation such as Nelumbo nucifera, Typha spp. completely covered the water surface. Since 2014, the reservoir wetland has been terrestrialized with the expansion of emergent and hygrophytic plants. For the sustainable conservation and restoration of wetland protected areas, it is necessary to naturalize the topography and wetland vegetation, recovery the hydrologic system, and restore ecosystem connectivity from wetlands to forests.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.6 s.122
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• pp.335-345
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• 2004

This study was carried out to on liana dominating at the vicinity of Onsan Industrial Complex declining P. thunbergii foersts. It was surveyed 16 species, 30 species and 50 species at upper, middle and understory, respectively. It was dominant P. thunbergii at upperstory, and P. densiflora, P. thunbergii, Quercus dentata and Q. serrata at middlestory, and Smilax china, Paederia scandens, Symplocos chinensis var. sinuata, Styrax japonica, Lonicera japonica and Q. serrata etc. at understory. It was the highest importance value(13.2) of S. china among all liana, and in order of L. japonica (11.7), P. scandens (11.5) and Cocculus trilobus (7.7). Number of species, Species diversity, Maximum species diversity, Evenness and Dominance of woody plants at upperstory and middlestory by each survey site were higher in forest areas than industrial complex, but those of understory highly showed at industrial complex, and ratio of liana at understory was high. It showed total 50 species at herbaceous plants, and was high I.V. of Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, Spodiopogon cotulifer, Commerelina commuris, Phytolacca americana, Rubus parvifolius, Miscanthussinensis var. purpurascens and Calamagrostis arundinacea, etc.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.11
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• pp.721-728
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• 2023

Agricultural drought is triggered by a depletion of moisture content in the soil, which hinders photosynthesis and thus increases carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations in the atmosphere. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between soil moisture (SM) and vegetation activity toward quantifying CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere. To this end, the MODerate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), an optical multispectral sensor, was used to evaluate two regions in South Korea for validation. Vegetation activity was analyzed through MOD13A1 vegetation indices products, and MODIS gross primary productivity (GPP) product was used to calculate the CO₂ flux based on its relationship with respiration. In the case of SM, it was calculated through the method of applying apparent thermal inertia (ATI) in combination with land surface temperature and albedo. To validate the SM and CO₂ flux, flux tower data was used which are the observed measurement values for the extreme drought period of 2014 and 2015 in South Korea. These two variables were analyzed for temporal variation on flux tower data as daily time scale, and the relationship with vegetation index (VI) was synthesized and analyzed on a monthly scale. The highest correlation between SM and VI (correlation coefficient (r) = 0.82) was observed at a time lag of one month, and that between VI and CO₂ (r = 0.81) at half month. This regional study suggests a potential capability of MODIS-based SM, VI, and CO₂ flux, which can be applied to an assessment of the global view of the agricultural drought by using available satellite remote sensing products.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of trails on breeding bird community by territory mapping method from April to August 1999 in Chirisan National Park. Twenty-five bird species were observed and 18 bird species bred in 4 study sites. Thirteen species bred in Imgullyung site 14 species in Imgullyung trail site 14 species in the Nogodan site and 15 species in the Nogodan trail site. There were bred 62.0 pairs of birds in the Imgullyung site 55.0 pairs in the Imgullyung trail site 36.5 pairs in the Nogodan site and 36.5 pairs in the Nogodan trail site in the breeding season 1999. There were no differences in breeding bird communities among 4 sites. The nesting and foraging guild structures were similar among 4 sites. It seems that trails do not influences on the breeding bird community becasuse the canopy layer was similair and connected and understory vegetation was developed around the trails. It would be needed the maintenance and management of canopy layer and understory vegetation for the protection and management of bird communities around the trails.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.79-79
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• 2018

하천시설물 설계, 시공 및 관리에 재료에 따른 호안이나 제방의 보호능력이 저하되어 설계 시 예상하지 못한 조건에서 쉽게 파손될 수 있으며, 하천환경의 변화를 야기시킬 수 있다. 제방 표면재료는 제외 비탈면의 침식 방지를 목적으로 사용되는 재료로 주로 호안블록. 식생 매트, 사석, 돌망태, 식생등이 주로 사용되며 국내에서는 2000년대 이전에는 자연 흙사면의 식생, 돌망태, 단순 돌기형 콘크리트 블록 등이 주로 사용되었으며 2000년대 이후에는 하천환경을 고려하여 식생의 생장이 가능한 친환경 호안 블록 및 식생 매트의 적용이 일반적인 실정이다. 제방의 수리적 설계를 위해서는 표면 재료의 수리 특성, 즉, 조도계수 및 한계 유속, 한계 소류력이 제시되어야 하는데 이는 실험을 통해서 결정되어야 한다. 때문에 본 연구에서는 자연형 하상재료를 이용하여 바이오 폴리머 첨가시 증가하는 방어능력에 대한 향상도를 평가하는 실험적 평가 방법을 제안하기위해 홍수시 수리조건을 반영하여 상류에서부터 사류까지 다양한 유속범위에 따른 세굴 및 침식에 대한 실험을 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 실험연구를 통해 연구에 사용된 재료 외 추가적인 재료에 대해서도 평가방법이 적용될 수 있도록 제방 재료의 안정성 평가시스템을 개발하였고, 안정성 평가를 위한 실험진행은 기 개발된 바닥응력을 직접측정하는 장치와 PIV시스템을 이용하여 수리특성을 측정하였다.(Park J.H. et al. 2016, Flow Measurment and instrumentation.) 이러한 측정 장치를 이용하여 바이오폴리머의 첨가에 유무에 따라 세굴에 대한 방어능력의 향상정도를 측정하고자 세굴 및 침식에 대한 평가 방법을 제시하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2019

하천시설물 설계, 시공 및 관리에 있어서 구성재료의 보호능력에 따라 예상하지 못한 조건에서 쉽게 파손될 수 있다. 이러한 영향은 하천환경의 변화를 야기시킬 수 있다. 제방 표면 재료는 제외 비탈면의 침식 방지를 목적으로 사용되는 재료로 주로 호안블록. 식생 매트, 사석, 돌망태, 식생등이 주로 사용되고 있다. 국내에서는 2000년대 이전에는 자연 흙사면의 식생, 돌망태, 단순 돌기형 콘크리트 블록 등이 주로 사용되었으며 2000년대 이후에는 하천환경을 고려하여 식생의 생장이 가능한 친환경 호안 블록 및 식생 매트의 적용이 일반적으로 시공되고 있다. 제방의 수리적 설계를 위해서는 재료 표면의 수리 특성, 즉, 조도계수 및 한계 유속, 한계 소류력이 제시되어야 하는데 이는 실험을 통해서 결정되어야 한다. 때문에 본 연구에서는 자연형 하상재료를 이용하여 바이오 폴리머 첨가시 증가하는 방어능력에 대한 향상도를 평가하는 실험적 평가 방법을 제안하기위해 홍수시 수리조건을 반영하여 상류에서부터 사류까지 다양한 유속범위에 따른 세굴 및 침식에 대한 실험을 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 자연하천과 유사한 조건의 경사를 가지는 경사수로에서 실험연구를 통해 제방재료의 안정성 평가방법을 개발하였고, 안정성 평가를 위한 실험진행은 기 개발된 바닥응력을 직접측정하는 장치와 PIV시스템을 이용하여 수리특성을 측정하였다.(Park J.H. et al. 2016, Flow Measurment and instrumentation.) 기존 문헌에서 제시되었던 측정 장치를 이용하여 바이오폴리머의 첨가에 유무에 따라 세굴에 대한 방어능력의 향상정도를 측정하고자 세굴 및 침식에 대한 평가 방법을 제시하고 있다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.247-258
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• 2022

Hampyeong Bay has a narrow seawater channel and a complex topographical structure. The sand content of the tidal flat soil is increasing due to asymmetrical sedimentation. Through the investigation of the vegetation distribution and the use of the line-transect method, sand flats were observed to gradually change the vegetation distribution of salt marshes. Comparing the vegetation area between 2016 and 2022, the obligate halophyte Suaeda maritima decreased by 74% and Zoysia sinica increased by 75%. Z. sinica seems to support the robustness of the dune environment by trapping sediments such as sand in the colony, because the underground rhizomes and stems are highly developed. To establish an effective conservation management plan for tidal flats, an integrated study should be conducted to assess the impact of changes in tidal flat soil and the interaction of vegetation communities in Hampyeong Bay.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.69-84
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• 2012

To provide the basic information on the excavation, conservation, and systematic management plan for preservation of valuable forested wetlands, a field survey was analyzed at public and private forests in Daegu city, 2010. The expected points of FGIS were identified, and buffer zones for the protection of forested wetlands were derived. According to the results from the 11 points of forested wetland, the flora of wetlands in Daegu city were consisted of a total of 169 taxa; 63 families, 131 genera, 148 species, 2 subspecies, 14 varieties, and 5 forms. The species diversity of shrubs in forest wetlands was highest at 1.560, and the evenness was highest in shrub trees at 0.913. Considering the type of wetland, topography, etc., the buffer zone was set at 20~50m from the core area boundary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.725-730
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• 2005

In case of the national roads which is opened in the past, there are carried out the expansion and improvement for enlargement of the traffic demand by industrial development and safety road operation to narrow of road width and serious change of the road alignment with effect of topography and graphical features of a mountain. A protection method using vegetation in the cut-slope has been constructed for harmony of ambient environment after cutting the slope recently. But it requires a study because the surface lose and the failure have been occurred in the large cut-slope which is covered by vegetation. In this study it was presented a countermeasure and examined a stability of contained uncertainty in the cut-slope according to the failure example of the cut-slope which is covered by vegetation. The additional research will be necessary against the development of the investigation technique which executes the stability investigation of the cut-slope which is covered by vegetation.