• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.505-513
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution patterns and characteristics of plant species by human impact in urban areas. In order to achieve a comprehensive data acquisition of all autogenously introduced vascular plant species occurring in the city of Cheon-ju, this study made an analysis of 106 sample plots, each with a size of one hectare, These sample plots were selected to represent the typical land-use patterns within the city of Cheon-ju and to cover the various distances from the city center. Species richness, patterns of life forms, and the percentage of non-native species were analyzed in relation to the degree of hemeroby of the sample plots. It was found that the species number appeared the largest in sites that were moderately influenced. This result corresponds to the intermediate disturbance hypothesis that moderate disturbance leads to an increase in species richness. The flora of sites which were subject to the highest level of human impact, was characterized by a high proportion of annual species and non-native species. In addition, some species were divided into three groups with similar distribution corresponding to land-use type and urban zone: urbanophobic (e.g. Indigofera kirilowii, Prunus sargentii, Rhus trichocarpa), urbanoneutral (e.g. Commelina communis, Erigeron annuus, Metaplexis japonica) and urbanophilus (e.g. Euphorbia supina, Senecio vulgaris, Taraxacum officinale).

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.80-92
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• 2015

Some of alien plants, which were introduced from foreign countries, have caused problems in Korea. Invasion of these alien plants in the ecosystem threatens the habitat of endemic species, reducing biodiversity, and causing a disturbance in the ecological system. In urbanized areas of campus universities, a diverse range of organisms were found and a comparison between the sites, near roads or housing sites were made because the campuses provided a large biotope. Although the campus had been exposed to interferences like gardening, it was also a place for most organisms to live in an active floating population due to free access. This research investigated the flora of alien plants that appeared in Beakseok University, Sangmyung University, Hoseo University and Dankook University, and relationship between the distribution of alien plants and the campus and green areas and distance from the highway. The total number of plant species and naturalized species found in the four universities was 189 and 43 species. Those of Dankook University were 136 and 35 species, Hoseo 108 and 25 species, Sangmyung 103 and 31 species, and Baekseok 97 and 26 species, respectively. The abundance of natural plants for each respective university tended to be higher as it became closer to the highway. Also, the closer the walking distance to the university, the greater the tendency for the degree of similarity to be higher. As a result, we may conclude that the distribution of alien plants and anthropogenic activities may be closely related.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2011

In this paper, in order to select specialist butterfly species that inhabit Haneul and Noeul Parks, previously landfill areas, we verified the reciprocal relationships between nectar plants and butterflies. While we will design the butterfly habitats, this paper will provide the foundation data for selecting the plants. The completed survey indicated that there were a total of 5 families, 23 species and 1,129 individuals. Butterflies of the main action were feeding on nectar, and such behavior was 36% of the total actions. Therefore, these parks play an important role in butterflies feeding on nectar. The correlation between butterflies and the nectar plants' color was not significant; Therefore, it is not necessary to consider flower color when choosing plants to attract the butterflies. In addition, butterflies prefer naturalized plants for feeding on nectar. Thus, when creating butterfly habitats, there is no use in attracting the butterflies by classifying the naturalized plants and native plants. However, if some areas that are need to plant native plants such as Inkigofera pseudo-tinctoria, Lespedeza bicolor, Aster koraiensis make use it, there could be taken an advantage to attract the butterflies. According to the algebraic curve model of curve estimation regression analysis, we were able to classify the generalist species and specialist species by regression analysis. As a result, Colias erate, Artogeia rapae and Parnara guttata were classified as generalist species, where as Rapala caerulea, Pieris melete, Zizera maha and Celastrina argiolus were classified as specialist species. Rapala caerulea prefers hills and forest for its habitat; therefore, it is clearly distinct from Pieris melete, Zizera maha and Celastrina argiolus which prefer grassland for habitats. These results show that Rapala caerulea is high conservation value in a landfill area where is developing ecological succession from grasslands to wood lands. In conclusion, these research are able to contribute to select the target species and suitable species that consider a singularity between butterflies and nectar plants, when we are creating the butterfly habitats, moreover these research will contribute to maintain a stable habitats.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.9-26
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• 2004

Texa of Lycoris in Korea were classified as five species with two varieties and revised taxonomically. Among the examined taxa, five Korean endemic plants were clarified: Lycoris flavescens M. Kim et S. Lee, L. uydoensis M. Kim, L. chejuensis Tae et S. Ko, L. chinensis var. sinuolata Tae et S. Ko, and L. sanguinea var. koreana (Nakai) T. Koyama. It was found that L. flavescens, L. uydoensis, and L. chejuensis were the natural hybrids between taxa of M+T karyotype and A karyotype. A specimen collected on Aug. 20, 1987 by M. Kim was designated as a holotype of Lycoris flavescens M. Kim et S. Lee. Lycoris flavescens var. uydoensis was ranked up to L. uydoensis. A key to all species including descriptions of each taxon was provided.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2002

Host plants of Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius) were investigated in golf courses, Fifteen plant species of 15 genera in 13 families were confirmed as host plants of P. quadriguttata. Thus, total number of host plants of P. quadriguttata was 26 species of 25 genera in 18 families including 11 recorded species in literature. In addition, P. quadriguttata adults fed on 30 plant species of 25 genera in 19 families out of the 69 plant species of 53 genera in 33 families supplied as food in laboratory, P. quadriguttata adults preferred Wistaria floribunda in golf courses but Tilia mandshuric, Platanus orientalis, Diospyros lotus, Punica granatum and Chionanthus retusa in laboratory.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.417-447
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• 2002

Polygonatum taxa of Korea were classified as two sections, three series and 14 species and 2 varieties and reviewed taxonomically. Among the examined taxa, endemics in Korea were recorded as two species; P. grandicaule Y. S. Kim, B. U. Oh & C. G. Jang and P. infundiflorum Y. S. Kim, B. U. Oh & C. G. Jang. The habitat of Korean unrecorded species, P. acuminatifolium Kom. and P. odoratum var. odoratum were confirmed in this study. Keys to the sections, series and species including description of each taxon were provided here.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.261-270
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• 2014

We investigated the diversity of lepidopteran larvae and their food plants in a 0.1 ha plot at Mt. Jirisan National Park, South Korea. The plant species in the plot were identified, and the lepidopteran larvae that fed on each plant in the plot were collected. Thus, we collected 141 plants of 16 species that belonged to 14 families and 159 lepidopteran larvae of 70 species that belonged to 11 families. Oak (Quercus serrata) was found to be the most favored plant species. Among the 11 lepidopteran families, the species richness and evenness of two families, Geometridae and Noctuidae, were the highest. On the basis of this study, we could assume the interaction between food plants and caterpillars in a temperate forest. Furthermore, we could estimate the species diversity of lepidopteran caterpillars in this temperate forest.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.72-83
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• 2015

A plant diversity, which consists of indigenous plant community with Orientla thuja community (Natural monument no. 1) in Dodong, Daegu, is identified and analyzed as ecological characteristic to consider worth plants and vegetation resource of the region. The vascular plants of Thuja orientalis community were listed as 219 taxa (3.7% of all 4,881 taxa of Korean vascular plants); 67 families, 147 genera, 199 species, 16 varieties, and 4 forms. Vulnerable species (VU) and least concerned species (LC) were recorded based on IUCN standard; Koelretueria paniculata (VU), Thuja orientalis (LC), and Exochorda serratifolia (LC). Although the study site is a non-limestone area, a total of 15 taxa of calciphilous plants were identified; Cheilanthes argentea, Hypodematium glandulosopilosum, Asplenium retamuraria, Thuja orientalis, Spiraea blumei, Smilax sieboldii, etc. A total of 4 taxa endemic plants were identified; Prunus mandshurica for. barbinervis, Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tomentella, Forythia koreana (artificial origin), and Veronica pyrethrina. Among the list, 8 taxa of naturalized plants were identified; Fallopia dentatoalalta, Rumex crispus, Nasturtium officinale, Bidens frondosa, Erigeron annuus etc. Naturalization rate (NR) was 3.6%, of all 219 taxa of vascular plants and urbanization index (UI) was 2.2% of all 321 taxa of naturalized plants. Thuja orientalis occupies a lot of indigenous landscape in this study area which is the southern-limited part of a natural distribution where it can survive. The T. orientalis community, where indigenous plants have formed a characterful species composition based on habitat, has been confirmed as a worth national vegetation resource in an indigeous flora. It has been considered of plans for persistent conservation.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.128-139
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• 1996

The twelve relatively intact ev ergreen broad-leaved forests in the islands off the southern coast of the Korean peninsula were surveyed. The species which commonly appeared over seventy percents in frequency among studied island biotic ecosystems including rare and endangered species and an introduxed or invaded species in the observed localities were also discussed. The common species in each areas were summarized as 28 families, 34 genus and 37 taxa. The pokildo island marked the highest species diversity as 5.511 per 100m$^{2}$ sized plots. And then the species diversity of the Mijo-ri(4.677) and the Maengson-ni(2.481) were following. The total number of rare and endangered species which appeared in the investigated areas were 24 families and 32 taxa, and 13 taxa, and the Pokildo island had the largest number as of 13 families, 12 species, 1 variety and 13 taxa. The 7 species of Compositae, 5 species of Leguminosae and 2 species of Phytolaccaceae were recorded as naturalized, invaded of introduced species. Also each one species which belonged to the Amaranthaceae, Betulaceae, Bignoniaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Commelinaceae, Cupressaceae, Labiatae, Malvaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Pinaceae, Polygonaceae and Txaceae were recorded. The Pokildo island had the largest number of plant invaders with at least 9 families and 13 genus and 13 species including Cryptomeria japonica of Taxodiaceae. It was urgently needed to work for the preperation of an island management plan to the levels of species or habitat conservation.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

This study conducted surveys to identify the distribution of communities and flora according to vegetation in the coastal sand dunes of Sagye in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, located at the southernmost tip of Korea. The survey was conducted over 20 sessions from April 2020 to October 2021. As a result of the study, physiognomy was classified into six correlated vegetation types: plant communities on the salt marsh, annual communities on a coastal drift-line, herb communities on a dune, shrub communities on a coastal dune, forest-edge communities on a dune, and artificial afforestation vegetation. The survey identified 43 communities, and a total of 212 taxa were found to be distributed among 62 families, 166 genera, 191 species, 15 varieties, 3 subspecies, and 3 forma. It was found that there were five rare plant taxa distributed in the area, including the Cymbidium macrorrhizum which was classified as an endangered Class II plant by the Ministry of Environment. Floristic target species identified by the surveys included 2 taxa for grade V, 5 taxa for grade IV, 15 taxa for grade III, 14 taxa for grade II, and 19 taxa for grade I. Climate-sensitive biological indicator species included 11 indicator and 2 candidate species, representing a high ratio of 33.3% of all indicator species and 15.4% of candidate species. Naturalized plants included 16 families, 43 genera, and 52 taxa, with a naturalization rate of 21.1% and an urbanization index of 24.5%. It is expected that these results will be widely used as data needed to prepare conservation and management measures for biodiversity in response to climate change in coastal dunes in the future.