• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2022

The size of the virtual reality market is growing every year, but cybersickness that occurs in virtual reality has not been resolved yet. In this paper, results were derived through experiments on the relationship between cybersickness and gaze guidance occurring in virtual reality contents. Using eye tracking technique, the relationship of gaze movement with cybersickness was identified. The experiment was divided into two groups to find out whether visual induction affects cyber sickness. In addition, the results were analyzed by dividing the two groups to check whether cyber sickness showed different results according to gender. We also analyzed using the SSQ questionnaire to measure cybersickness. We tried to understand the relationship between gaze guidance and cybersickness through two methods. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the induction of a clear gaze caused the concentration of the gaze, and it was effective in cybersickness through the rotation of the camera. In order to alleviate cyber sickness, it has been confirmed that concentrating one's eyes through gaze-guided production is effective for cyber sickness. It is hoped that this result will be used as a way to alleviate cyber sickness for producers who want to use virtual reality to produce content.

• ICROS
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.20-25
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• 1997

이 글에서는 전술유도무기체계에서 호밍유도의 PNG 다음으로 많이 채택하고 있는 시선지령유도의 유도루우프 설계기술에 대해 논하고자 한다. 이를 위해 유도루우프를 구성하고 있는 부체계인 표적추적장치, 오차보상기, feedforward 보상기에 대해 살펴보고 유도루우프를 설계할 때 고려해야 할 유도오차를 발생시키는 요인인 표적의 기동, glint noise 등의 영향에 대해 분석한다. 또한 유도탄의 기동력과 지령수신기의 수신감도에 따라 결정되는 명중영역의 산출과 시선유도의 발전추세에 대해 언급하고자 한다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.29-38
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• 2007

This study investigated the effects of delineation systems on drivers' maneuver and how the effectiveness of delineation system can be further improved according to the road geometry. The experiments were conducted to collect lateral placement data and detection distance data using GPS equipped vehicles. The main results are summarizedas follows. Firstly, installing the delineation facilities on the roads helps drivers to recognize road alignment. Secondly, the detection distance is longer for delineators than for raised pavement marker in tangent section, while there is no difference in curve section. The chevron show the longest detection distance in the curve section, while the raised pavement markers showed no distinctive performance in terms of detection distance and lateral placement. Therefore, we can recommend install delineators in the tangent sections and chevrons in curve sections, based on the analysis results of effects of delineation facilities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.5D
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• pp.445-451
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• 2012

Visual changes and speed changes in curved sections of highways are more dangerous than straight sections According to the enquetes conducted by Coalition for Transportation Culture in 1999, about 78% of drivers are dissatisfied with traffic guide and safety signs, with lack of visibility being the largest reason with about 27.9% of respondents indicating it as reason for dissatisfaction. In particular, the lack of visibility during nighttime or bad weather not only threatens driver safety due to poor delivery of information, but also affects the service level of highways. Because of this a new delineation must be installed and managed to enhance driver visibility. In this research, an optimal delineation system to enhance traffic safety is presented. In this research drivers effectively obtained information on highway alignment on the curved sections using a retro-reflection type delineation system and a newly-developed internal lighting delineation system to improve safety on the highways. A statistical comparison was conducted and analysis was done for the delineation systems that enhanced visibility through primary and secondary enquaetes. As a result, inside-lighting delineator will be selected in terms of safety at the curve sections. The inside-lighting delineator was more effective than the retro-reflection delineator on visibility, the necessity of reduction of speed and will reduce the hazard at curve sections. It is anticipated that when a delineation system based on this research is installed, a reduction in the number the number and severity of traffic accidents on curved sections will be reduced. In addition this system will more effectively provide drivers with information about highway alignment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.3D
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• pp.403-412
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• 2011

On a curve radius, there is speed deviation because a driver who is on the curve radius can have visual distortion. The curve radius can be more dangerous than a straight radius by many reasons. Especially, visibility paralysis of delineator that is because of night and bad weather. Can pervert the information about curve sections, it threatens safety. More over accident risk is increased by influence to travel speed. Therefore, it needs to build and control delineators for driver's visibility. Therefore, this study focus on finding the two types of delineator(the retro-reflection and inside-lighting delineator) by insight-surveying and the operating speed are compared by survey and operating speed. Finally, inside-lighting delineator will be selected in terms of safety at the curve sections. The inside-lighting delineator was more effective than the retro-reflection delineator on visibility, the necessity of reduction of speed and will reduce the hazard at curve sections. Also, the study analyzes safety is guaranteed by the slight reduction of speed when the driver enters a curve radius with inside-lighting delineator. As a result, the inside-lighting delineator can give the information about horizontal and vertical profile effectively, so it can reduce the accident risk. And it can use to improve traffic safety on curve radius.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.103-113
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• 2021

Rather than a directing method of existing animations, VR animation needs a different method of direction. Existing animations were displayed on a screen in movie theaters. But using an existing direction method for the 360° perspective in a VR animation makes it difficult for the user's gaze to move in a way the directors have intended. I analyzed 3 VR animations with a theoretical background of Rudolf Arnheim's visual perception theory and Bruce Block's visual factors that bring high attention. In the process of perception of space, focus on the gaze, movement of the gaze, the 'movement' factor was used most often to attract the gaze. An interactive VR animation attracts user's gaze by allowing users to participate in important points of the story. With an analysis of the animation, it proposed a gaze attraction through the movement of the character with an interaction directing method for reducing motion sickness. Also, it proposed intuitively attracting gaze movement by using GUI and attracting user's participation by using an interactive event with an interaction directing method of storytelling comprehension. With two types of directing proposal, we expect it to be utilized as a basic research method for attracting users to be immersed in storytelling while reducing cyber motion sickness, which is a problem in VR animation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

It is very important to research drivers' visual behavior. Angle of vision is very important and accounts for more than 90% as the source of driving information. In curve sections, drivers can know the front circumstances and drive more safely and comfortably through facilities guiding their eye movements. Therefore, the standards of installation and effectiveness of these facilities to guide drivers' gaze need to be reconsidered considering characteristics of drivers' eyes The national road no. 34 (Jincheon IC, Buckamri-Yiriangmun section), which is a high-accident-frequency location, is chosen for experimental place. The aim of this study is to understand the process of drivers' visual movement which is drivers' visual behavior and to check the facilities to guide their eyes. Another goal of this study is to improve facilities to guide drivers' eyes on a result basis of considering drivers' visual behavior especially for traffic safety in a high-accident-frequency curve sections.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.506-514
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• 2012

This paper represents a method for designing of path following Line-of-Sight(LOS) guidance law based on vehicle kinematics. In general, a LOS guidance law which is composed of gains and approach length as design parameters is designed by empirical or trial-and-error method. These approaches cannot guarantee a precision tracking performance of guidance law consistently. Also, the design parameters should be redesigned with variations of vehicle maneuverability and flight velocity. Based on a vehicle kinematics with its velocity, the proposed method for designing of parameters not only minimizes the number of design parameters, also has a reliable and consistent tracking performance using variable guidance gain changed in accordance with flight velocity. This is validated by nonlinear simulation with $1^{st}$ order attitude response dynamics and flight experiments with given linear and circular path.

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.131-140
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• 2011

도로안전시설용 시선유도봉은 통상 도로에 설치되어 운전자의 시선을 유도하고 차선을 분리하는 용도로 사용된다. 이러한 시선유도봉은 주로 도로상에 설치되기 때문에 차량과 부딪히는 경우가 자주 발생하므로 제품의 내구성이 특히 요구된다. 종래의 시선유도봉에 대한 평가방법은 제품의 일부를 채취하여 재료의 기본 품질 성능만을 평가하였다. 그러나 현장의 도로관리를 담당하고 있는 수요기관에서는 빈번한 사고와 민원으로 인해 제품의 평가방법에 대한 문제 제기를 하였고, 완제품 상태로 신뢰성을 평가할 수 있는 방법 개발을 요구하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시선유도봉의 주요 고장 요인이 되는 차량 충돌에 의한 재질 파손, 바퀴 압축에 의한 회복 불능, 제품 표면에 부착되는 반사시트의 박리 및 변색에 대한 고장 메커니즘 분석하고, 이러한 고장을 재현할 수 있는 신뢰성 평가법을 개발하고자 하였다. 주요 고장 메커니즘 분석을 위해 국내.외 평가 기준을 조사하였으며, 특히 미국 AASHTO's (American Association of State Highway and Transportaion Officials)의 NTPEP (National Transportation Products Evaluation Program)에서 수행하고 있는 내구성 평가 방법에 대한 사례 조사를 통해 국내 적용을 검토해 보았다. 또한 서울시설관리공단의 협조로 가장 주요한 고장의 요인으로 꼽히는 차량 충돌 시험을 올림픽대로 내 조각공원에서 실시하였다. 그 결과 시험실에서 고장을 재현할 수 있는 신뢰성 평가 장비 개발의 필요성이 부각되었으며, 차량 충돌과 바퀴 압축을 모사할 수 있는 신뢰성 평가 장비를 제작하였다. 시선유도봉의 신뢰성 평가는 기본적인 품질성능평가 이외에 신규로 개발된 충격시험(고온, 저온, 반사지)과 굴곡압축시험, 반사지와 재질의 내후성 시험을 실시하였다. 또한 국내 9개사(社) 10개 제품에 대한 신뢰성 비교평가를 실시한 결과, 제품의 내구성에 중요 척도가 되는 신뢰성 평가 기준을 설정할 수 있었고, 합리적인 제품의 가격 수준과 품질 수준에 대한 신뢰성 가이드를 제공할 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.4 s.30
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

Currently, road mobility improved from the National Road Improvement. Nevertheless delineation system is facility that enhanced driver's safety, that was set up often inconsistent or nonexistent over the road exit ramp So it judged functional investigation will be necessary. This study suggested setting type of the delineation system. That was based on a field study and reviews the legal standard of it and considering driver's cognition behavior. For the study, make a 3D-simulation and so could objectively a comparative test. Comparison variable between delineation setting type is selected conspicuity and visibility. Cased that illustrated characteristics of driver's visual cognition behavior. The experiment was used Eye Marker Recorder for measure the gaze frequency more quantitatively and objectively. And used the ANOVA analysis for significance testing between delineation setting type. A significant percent of the conspicuity analyzed types(Safe mark, Obstacle Sign, Warning Light, and Tubular Maker) in road exit ramp for recognize. And gaze frequency that measure of effectiveness of visibility are measured. On the analysis result, the visibility was significance difference between delineation setting type and visibility of types was best.