• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.281-291
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• 2017

Emotional interaction in virtual reality is necessary of social communication. However, social emotion has been tried to be less recognized quantitatively. This study was to determined social gaze of emotion in business domain. 417 emotion words were collected and 16 emotion words were selected to Goodness of Fit. Emotion word were mapped into 2 dimensional space through multidimensional scaling analysis. Then, X axis defined dimensions of cooperation, competition, and Y axis of low focus and high focus through the FGD. 52 subjects were presented to stimuli for emotion and gaze movement data were collected. Independent t-test results showed that the gaze factor increased in the face, eye, and nose areas at cooperation, and the gaze factor increased in the right face and nose areas at the low focus. It is expected that this will be used as a basic research to evaluate emotions needed in business environment in virtual space.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.245-254
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• 2004

In Accordance with the change of design paradigm, the design process has changed into user-centered workflow from designer-centered workflow. Since the purpose of the past research methods is quantitative analysis or the understanding of the present situation, it doesn't fit in practical design that expressed the user's needs. Therefore, the real data about what they see and how they feel will be useful for the user-centered design. This paper's objective is to analyze eye-movement recordings and pupil size of user for mobile interface design. For this objective, it was experimented on that the user's eyegaze data of using a mobile phone by the Eyegaze Interface System, and analyzed three levels of user's task performance. The results provided evaluation of new developed and old existing interface design of mobile phone by the experiment of eye-movement recordings and pupil size. The benefit of results is compliment of the limitation of current usability test through visual characteristics of design and qualitative data of user.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.413-425
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• 2019

We see many images every day, some of these images are stored in memory, and the majority are immersed in the unconscious world. Visual elements are seen by personal attention or by visual or biological attention factors. Specific and clear discovery of this visual attention has not yet been made. However, there is an interesting discussion of this visual attention in the fields of interior, design, visual perception, advertising, and psychology. Advertising photographers are expected to produce what their work will have on viewers and consumers. However, the adjustment of subject, exposure, color, or post-production, which could have a visual effect on the consumer, was determined only by the photographer's senses rather than the experimental verification. The advertisement photographs provide a specific image related to the object to be advertised and deliver a certain message. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the effect of the image in a certain visual way. According to previous studies, there are two major factors that affect the visual impression of the viewer. One is the factor depending on the type and content of the subject and the other is the factor about the density and color of the subject. The purpose of this study is to investigate the meaningful changes in the visual perception depending on the shape, content, color and tone of the subject, which can be called the main subject, And to analyze the effects of I will study some implications of visual elements through various analyzes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.12C
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• pp.1239-1249
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• 2003

Gaze detection is to locate the position on a monitor screen where a user is looking by computer vision. Previous gaze detection system uses a wide view camera, which can capture the whole face of user. However, the image resolution is too low with such a camera and the fine movements of user's eye cannot be exactly detected. So, we implement the gaze detection system with a wide view camera and a narrow view camera. In order to detect the position of user's eye changed by facial movements, the narrow view camera has the functionalities of auto focusing and auto pan/tilt based on the detected 3D facial feature positions. As experimental results, we can obtain the facial and eye gaze position on a monitor and the gaze position accuracy between the computed positions and the real ones is about 3.1 cm of RMS error in case of Permitting facial movements and 3.57 cm in case of permitting facial and eye movement. The processing time is so short as to be implemented in real-time system(below 30 msec in Pentium -IV 1.8 GHz)

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.772-774
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• 2008

A navigation system for virtual environments using low-quality HMD(head mounted display)must quantize images when the system presents true-color image with restricted number of colors. Such navigation system quantizes an image by using fixed palette. If the system represents an image by using a variable palette which is made considering a region around the viewpoint then user can perceive a virtual environments more vividly because human visual system is sensitive to the colors variation in the region around the viewpoint. In this paper we propose a color quantization algorithm that quantize a region around the viewpoint more finely than other regions at each variation of viewpoint for virtual environments navigation system and compose virtual environments navigation system using proposed algorithm. The system quantizes an image at each variation of viewpoint and shows a quantized image to user through HMD. We tested user preferences for our proposed system and the results show that users preferred our system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.64-75
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• 2014

This study has attempted to explore the audience's visual attention about the subtitles types of CATV entertainment program. To achieve this, this research has measured the dwell time and average fixation data through the eye-tracking test and analysed the reason of particular visual attention by in-depth interview. According to the eye-tracking research findings, four types of subtitles(character metaphor, character metonymy, event metaphor, event metonymy) were measured the highest dwell time and average fixation time. Also, according to in-depth interview, visual attention was clearly turned up that event metonymy constructs the conflicts between characters and overstates the trip place romantically. This results means that staffs of intensify the reality and visual pleasure through event metonymic subtitles.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.7
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• pp.508-516
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a guidance law to control Impact Angle in consideration of look angle limit of the missile with strapdown seeker on the non-maneuvering target. The proposed law is based on sliding mode algorithm and generates acceleration commands using look angle and line of sight information provided by the strapdown seeker and navigation system. And, target velocity and target path angle are provided by like TADS (Target Acquisition and Designation System) at launch time. We can confirm that the target interception and impact angle control are possible through the convergence of the proposed sliding surface. In addition, it is possible to confirm that the sign of derivative result of the look angle at the maximum and minimum look angle is opposite to the sign of the look angle, so the look angle limit is not exceeded.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.169-173
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• 2008

A navigation system for virtual environments using low-quality HMD(head mounted display) must quantize images when the system presents true-color image with restricted number of colors. Such navigation system quantizes an image by using fixed palette. If the system represents an image by using a variable palette which is made considering a region around the viewpoint then user can perceive a virtual environments more vividly because human visual system is sensitive to the colors variation in the region around the viewpoint. In this paper we propose a color quantization algorithm that quantize a region around the viewpoint more finely than other regions at each variation of viewpoint for virtual environments navigation system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.410-412
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• 2011

영상 서비스에서 사용자가 시청하는 비디오 화질을 측정하는 것은 사용자의 QoE(Quality of Experience)를 추정할 수 있는 중요한 작업 중 하나이다. 이를 위해 가장 널리 쓰이는 측정 방법 중 PSNR이 있다. PSNR은 원본영상과 시청영상간의 각 픽셀 값의 차이를 계산하여 화질을 측정하는 객관적인 평가 방법이다. 본 논문에서는 객관적 평가 방법인 PSNR에 시청자가 영상 측정 시 느낄 수 있는 시선 인식 집중도를 접목시킨 품질 측정방법을 제안한다. 이는 사용자의 시각적 특성이 고려되기 때문에 보다 사용자에게 맞는 영상 품질을 측정할 수 있게 된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 2010

Recent development in seeker technology explores a new seeker design in which, with larger field-of-view (FOV), optical parts are strapped down to a body (hence, called as a body-fixed seeker or a strapdown seeker). This design has several advantages such as comparatively easier maintenance and calibration by removing complex mechanical moving parts, increasing reliability, and cost savings. On the other hand, the strapdown seeker involves difficulties in implementing guidance laws since it does not directly provide inertial LOS rates. Instead, information for generating guidance commands should be extracted by estimating missile/target relative motion utilizing target images on the image plane of a strapdown seeker. In this research, a new framework based on an unscented Kalman filter is developed for estimating missile/target relative motion on the simplified assumption of a point source target. Performance of a terminal guidance algorithm, in which guidance command is generated based on the estimated relative motion, is demonstrated by a missile/target engagement simulation.