• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2022

With the enactment of the "Framework Act on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth to Cope with Climate Crisis," various sector-specific plans are being implemented to achieve carbon neutrality. School facilities are mandatory buildings for the "Zero Energy Building Certification" and are the buildings that account for the highest proportion among public institution buildings. Therefore, they play a major role in achieving carbon neutrality in the construction sector. This study analyzed the recent energy use trends and zero energy levels in varied ways to promote the spread of building energy management systems and to provide basic data for efficient operation management and investigated the effectiveness and user opinions of the Building Energy Management System (BEMS) applied to school facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.31-32
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 영화의 등장인물의 성향을 파악하기 위해 시나리오의 대사로부터 감정어를 추출하고, 등장인물의 감정어들을 긍정, 부정, 중립의 3개로 단순화하여 등장인물의 성향을 가시화 시켜주는 방법을 제안한다. 대사로부터 감정어를 추출하기 위해 WordNet 기반의 감정어 추출 방법을 제안한다. WordNet은 단어 간에 상위어와 하위어, 유사어 등의 관계로 연결된 네트워크 구조의 사전이다. 이 네트워크 구조에서 최상위의 감정 항목과의 거리를 계산하여 단어별 감정량을 계산하여 대사를 30 차원의 감정 벡터로 표현한다. 등장인물별로 추출된 감정 벡터를 긍정, 부정, 중립의 3개의 차원으로 단순화 하여 등장인물의 성향을 표현한다.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.107-144
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• 2012

Recently concerns on the energy future are rising in Korea after nuclear disaster of Fukushima in Japan last year. However, even after Fukushima disaster Korean government keeps on insisting nuclear oriented energy policy. Contrary to it, some of civil society's organizations(CSOs) including environment groups and progressive political parties are making strong voices for phase-out nuclear. As a way of phase-out nuclear activity researcher groups based on CSOs have presented several alternative energy scenarios against the official government scenario so that contest between the two senarios seems not to be avoided. This article aims to analyse the politics of expertise around energy scenarios in Korea by highlighting differences between two scenarios of government and CSOs in terms of epistemological and methodological base, value orientation, institutional foundation, and the socio-political contexts of scenarios. Our research shows that government's energy scenario is based on scientific-positivist epistemology, firm belief in value neutrality and forecasting method, and is built by neo-classical economists at government-sponsored research institutes in accordance with the 'Business As Usual' approach. In contrast, alternative scenarios of CSOs can be said to be based on epistemological constructivism, value oriented attitudes and backcasting method, and be built by collaboration of researchers and activists with different academic and social backgrounds after Fukushima nuclear disaster.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.419-428
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• 2023

This study estimates the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from energy sector of Changwon city from 2012 to 2020 and scenario analysis of GHGs reductions pathways in the context of the goal of 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon neutral scenario in Korea. As a result, the GHG emissions as a reference year of carbon neutral in 2018 were estimated as 8,872,641 tonCO_2eq accounting for 3,851,786 tonCO_2eq (43.6%) of direct source (scope 1) and 4,975,855 tonCO_2eq (56.4%) of indirect source (scope 2). Especially, among indirect sources as purchased electricity, manufacturing sector emitted the largest GHG accounting for 33.0%(2,915 thousands tonCO_2eq) of the total emissions from all energy sectors, scenario analysis of GHG reductions potential from the energy was analyzed 8,473,614 tonCO_2eq and the residual emissions were 354,027 tonCO_2eq. Purchased electricity and industry sector reducted the largest GHG accounting for 58.7%(4,976 thousands tonCO_2eq) and 42.1%(3,565 thousands tonCO_2eq) of the total emissions from all energy sectors, respectively.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.127-147
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• 2023

This study is trying to analyze the economic effect of replacing thermal power generation, one of the government's carbon-neutral policies, with new and renewable energy. For this analysis, scenario A is set to replace 100% of thermal power generation with new and renewable energy, and scenario B is set to replace 60% of thermal power generation with new and renewable energy. In addition, costs are incurred when replacing thermal power generation with new and renewable energy, and scenario 1 is the same cost as the current cost, and scenario 2 is120% higher than the current cost. Therefore, when converting thermal power generation to new and renewable energy, the scenarios are largely organized into four cases. In the case of replacing thermal power generation with new and renewable energy, the production inducement coefficient of thermal power generation decreased from the current level regardless of the scenario. However, the value-added inducement coefficient and the greenhouse gas emission inducement coefficient are lower than the current level when thermal power is converted to renewable energy by 100%, while the value-added inducement coefficient and greenhouse gas emission inducement coefficient are higher than the current level. In addition, the greenhouse gas emission induction coefficient of most industries was found to decrease, while the production induction coefficient and the value-added induction coefficient increased. Scenario A seems appropriate because the purpose of the government's policy is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by converting thermal power into new and renewable energy. However, as a result of this, the production inducement coefficient and value-added inducement coefficient of some industries decrease, so the government's support policy is needed to solve this problem

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.273-284
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• 2023

Water supply is continuously suffering from frequent droughts under climate change, and such extreme events are expected to become more frequent due to climate change. In this study, the decision scaling method was introduced to evaluate the drought vulnerability under future climate change in a wider range. As a result, the water supply reliability of the Boryeong Dam ranged from 95.80% to 98.13% to the condition of the aqueduct which was constructed at the Boryeong Dam. Furthermore, the Boryeong Dam was discovered to be vulnerable under climate change scenarios. Hence, genetic algorithm-based hedging rules were developed to evaluate the reduction effect of drought vulnerability. Moreover, three demand scenarios (high, standard, and low demand) were also considered to reflect the future socio-economic change in the Boryeong Dam. By analyzing quantitative reliability and the probability of extreme drought occurrence under 5% of the water storage rate, all hedging rules demonstrated that they were superior in preparing for extreme drought under low-demand scenarios.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.01a
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• pp.221-222
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• 2020

본 논문은 유니티 엔진을 이용하여 3인칭 육성 게임을 개발하는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 개발 게임에서는 인간족과 오크족으로 나누고, 인간족은 오크족에게 오크족은 인간족에게 대응하기 위해서 자신의 능력을 키우는 것을 기본 배경 시나리오로 계획하였다. 두 종족의 선택에 맞는 스토리 형식의 퀘스트(Quest)로 중립 몬스터를 격파하여, 이를 능력치로 키울 수 있게 하였다. 본 개발 논문에서는 스토리성 퀘스트를 기본으로 하고 있기 때문에 플레이어가 몰입 하기 쉬운 좋은 조건을 장점으로 하고 있다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.178-188
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• 2022

The introduction of virtual power plants is actively being discussed to solve the problem of grid acceptability caused by the spread of distributed renewable energy, which is the key to achieving carbon neutrality. However, a new business such as virtual power plants is difficult to secure economic feasibility at the initial stage of introduction because it is common that there is no compensation mechanism. Therefore, appropriate support including subsidy is required at the early stage. But, it is generally difficult to obtain the cost model to determine the subsidy level because of the lack of enough data for the new business model. In this study, a survey of domestic experts on the requirements, appropriate scale, and cost required for the introduction of virtual power plants is conducted. First, resource composition scenarios are designed from the survey results to consider the impact of the resource composition on the cost. Then, the cost estimation model is obtained using the individual cost estimation data for their resource compositions using logistic regression analysis. In the case study, appropriate initial subsidy levels are analyzed and compared for the virtual power plants on the scale of 20-500MW. The results show that mid-to-large resource composition cases show 29-51% lower cost than small-to-large resource composition cases.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2022

In accordance with the enactment of 'the Paris Agreement' in 2015 and 'the Framework Act on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth for Response to the Climate Crisis' in 2021, each local government has set appropriate reduction target of greenhouse gas to achieve the nationally determined contribution (NDC, the reduction target of 40% compared to 2018) of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2030. In this study, the current distribution of GHG emissions was analyzed in a time series centered on the Chungbuk region for the period from 1990 to 2018, with the aim of reducing GHG emissions in Chungbuk by 2030 based on the 2030 NDC and scenario. In addition, the prospected reduction by 2030 was estimated considering the projected emissions according to Busines As Usual in order to achieve the target reduction of GHG emissions. Our results showed that GHG emissions in Chungbuk and Korea have been increasing since 1990 owing to population and economic growth. GHG emissions in 2018 in Chungbuk were very low (3.9 %) relative to the national value. Moreover, emissions from fuel combustion, such as cement and lime production, manufacturing and construction industries, and transportation industries, were the main sources. Furthermore, the 2030 target of GHG emission reduction in Chungbuk was set at 40.2% relative to the 2018 value, in accordance with the 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon-zero national scenario. Therefore, when projected emissions were considered, the prospected reduction to achieve the target reduction of GHG emissions was estimated to be 46.8% relative to 2018. The above results highlight the importance of meeting the prospected reduction of GHG emissions through reduction means in each sector to achieve the national and local GHG reduction target. In addition, to achieve the 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon zero, the country and each local government, including Chungbuk, need to estimate projected emissions by year, determine reduction targets and prospect reductions every year, and prepare specific means to reduce GHG emissions.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.399-406
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• 2022

In line with the megatrend of 2050 carbon neutrality, the amount of critical minerals used in clean-energy technology is expected to increase fourfold and sixfold, respectively, according to the Paris Agreement-based scenario as well as the 2050 carbon-neutrality scenario. And, in the case of Korea, in terms of the battery supply chain used for secondary batteries, the midstream that manufactures battery materials and battery cell packs shows strength, but the upstream that provides and processes raw materials is experiencing difficulties. The Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources has established a strategy to secure lithium, nickel, and cobalt and is conducting surveys to respond to the upstream risk of these types of battery raw materials. In the case of lithium, exploration has been carried out in Uljin, Gyeongsangbuk-do since 2020, and by the end of 2021, the survey area was selected for precision exploration by synthesizing all exploration data and building a 3D model. Potential resources will be assessed in 2022. In the case of nickel, the prospective site will be selected by the end of 2022 through a preliminary survey targeting 10 nickel sulfide deposits that have been prospected in the past. In the case of cobalt, Boguk cobalt is known only in South Korea, but there is only a record that cobalt was produced as a minor constituent of hydrothermal deposit. According to the literature, a cobalt ore body was found in the contact area between serpentinite and granite, and a protocol for cobalt exploration in Korea will be established.