• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.204-214
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• 2006

The necessity of a management for a metropolitan has long intrigued many urban scholars and researchers who are interested in Busan metropolitan spatial structure and its problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic changes of spatial structure in Busan Metropolitan by analyzing the population, employment and Land prices, for the period of 1993, 2001. The major results in this study are as follows; While main-centers have experienced significant loss of population, sub-centers have been growing. Jung-Ang Dong still has high accessibility in population potentials, but its accessibility has declined since 1993. Pu-Jeon Dong had increasing trend of population until 2000, but its population has also descended since that time. Meanwhile, the population of sub-centers has increased in its accessibility. And The spatial pattern of the population in Busan has changed from monocentric to polycentric. This phenomenon was almost spontaneously generated from population dispersion from existing main-centers. In terms of change of land values are there is a spatial and temporal rhythm in the urbanization of Busan. The highest land value in Busan is shown in CBD. The development of Busan proceeded along the north-south belt and extended to west Busan.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.6 s.312
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• pp.57-64
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• 2006

Motion estimation plays an important role for the compression of video signals. The proposed method utilizes an adaptive threshold and characteristics of a distribution of SAD (sum of absolute difference). Generally, the more complex the SAD distribution is, the larger SAD value tends to be. This proposed algorithm tries to reduce the search points in a simple distribution but increase them in a complex distribution to avoid local minima. A macro block is divided into 9 areas. One of them chosen using spatio-temporal correlation is called the primary area and the others are called the secondary area that will be searched to avoid local minima. The proposed algorithm decides if just one area (the primary area or the secondary area) will be enough to be searched or both areas should be searched, using adaptive threshold. Compared with famous motion estimation algorithms, the simulation result shows that the searching points per macro block and MSE decreases about 16.4% and 32.83 respectively on the average.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1707-1711
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• 2009

우리나라는 정치, 경제, 사회, 문화 등 여러 분야에서의 발전과 국민들의 생활수준의 향상으로 최근 들어 물 소비량이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 또한, 수자원 관련 정보에 대한 국민들의 관심이 크게 증가하고 있으며, 이에 따라 국가에서는 수자원 관련 정보제공 창구를 마련하여 다양한 물 관련 정보를 제공하고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 다양한 분석 정보에 대해서는 제공되는 정보 항목이 다양하지 않으며, 이러한 분석 정보에 대한 제공 요구는 증가 추세에 있다고 할 수 있다. 또한 효율적인 수자원 계획을 수립하고 시행하기 위해서는 먼저 지역의 수자원 관련 현황을 분석하여 활용 가능한 수자원의 양을 명확하게 파악하여야 한다. 이와 함께 해당지역의 물 이용량을 파악하고 시간 및 공간에 따른 이용 경향을 분석하여 그 정보를 제공함으로써 보다 효율적인 수자원 계획 수립의 기반이 마련될 수 있다. 한편 수자원 관련 정책 수립 시 의사결정을 지원하기 위해서는 관련 정보를 분석한 후 지표 및 지수화하여 제공할 필요가 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서는 아직까지 수자원 관련 분양에 대한 지표 및 지수가 적극적으로 활용되고 있지는 못한 상황으로 최근 들어 수자원(물이용, 치수 및 하천환경) 분야에서 지표 및 지수를 이용한 관련 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지역 및 유역의 물이용 관련 현황 자료를 수집하여 분석함으로써 각종 수자원 관련 계획수립 및 정책 수립에 도움을 줄 수 있는 기반정보를 제시하고, 대중에게 정보를 제공하고자 한다. 물이용 특성을 평가할 수 있는 할 수 있는 개별지표를 개발하여 유역별로 분석하여 물이용 관련 현황을 분석하였으며 개별지표를 압력(pressure)-현상(state)-대책(response) 구조체계로 구성하여 중간지표를 분석하였다. 또한 이를 종합하여 유역의 물이용 현황을 파악할 수 있는 지수인 물이용 취약지수(Water use vulnerability index:WUVI)를 개발하여 물이용 관련 정보를 시공간적으로 분석함으로써 정부 및 지자체의 수자원 관련 정책 수립 등 업무 수행을 보다 효과적으로 지원할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Atmosphere
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

This study analyzes the climate change in Korea and its impact on the occurrence of forest fire events. The forest fire occurrences in Korea tend to concentrate around large cities. In addition, the spatial distribution of the forest fire occurrence seems to agree with local climate conditions. Though the occurrence of the forest fire shows strong interannual variation, it also exhibits a positive trend. Because the forest fire frequently occurs during early spring, we examined long term climate variability in Korea for the early spring seasons. The climate change in Korea generally has brought warmer, drier, and less precipitable conditions during the early spring. The changes of the atmospheric conditions provide favorable condition for the forest fire. The climate changes in Korea also depict distinct spatial variability according to the atmospheric variables. We compared the regional trend of the fire occurrence with the climate trends. The results show the sharpest growing in the forest fire occurrence over southwest of Korea. This study suggests that the decrease in the precipitation day might affect the sharp increasement of the forest fire occurrence in the southwest of Korea.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.134-144
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• 2018

In this study, the historical drought in East Asia was analyzed with the Community Land Model (CLM) and CLM-Variable infiltration capacity (CLM-VIC). The observation dataset, Climate Research Unit (CRU), were also applied to check and estimate the historical drought for 1951 - 2010. The annual precipitation, temperature and evapotranspiration by CRU, CLM and CLM-VIC were investigated before estimating the meteorological drought index, which is the Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). Three variables by observation and simulations have generally similar spatial pattern in East Asia even though there are some mere differences depending on the local area. These similar patterns are also founded in the results of SPEI by CRU, CLM and CLM-VIC. However, the similarity of SPEI becomes weaker as the drought severity goes severer from D1 to D4.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.65-81
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• 2010

This single case study is to examine the gait parameter changes of a 12-year old patient with Cerebellar Astrocytomas using RAS in gait training program. Kinematic and temporospatial changes were analyzed using VICON 370 Motion Analysis System. A total of nine RAS gait training sessions was provided and each training program took 30 minutes. Gait analysis revealed that the patient showed improvement in cadence, velocity, stride length, and step length and improved the range of joint movements by showing gait patterns similar to normal distribution from a pathological pattern. This study showed possibilities to apply the RAS technique to the various population including clients with cerebellum damaged; however more further research should be done in this area.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.288-310
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• 2017

This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework to see the special zones in East Asia in relation to the territorialities of the state. For this, it will introduce Aihwa Ong's notion of 'spaces of exception', and provide some critical discussions on it. Unlike Ong, I do not see the spaces of exception as an outcome of neoliberal changes of the state. Instead, I propose to see the special zones in terms of the internal limitations of the modern state territoriality. In particular, I try to theorize the special zones in relation to the dialectics of the contradictory relations between mobility and fixity inherent in the territoriality of the modern nation state. In addition, it will be suggested to see special zones as an essential part of the spatiality of the East Asian developmental states, given the spatio-temporal contexts of the East Asian capitalist development. On the basis of these theoretical discussions, this paper will divide the special zones that have been developed in East Asia since the 1960s into 3 different types, including 1) developmentalist special zones, 2) neo-liberal special zones, and 3) special zones for transition, and discuss their characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.2011-2015
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• 2010

비점오염원에 의한 수질오염은 지표수 오염과 지하수 오염으로 분리될 수 있는데 보통 지하수는 지표수에 비하여 수질이 양호 하다고 여겨지만 오염된 하천 주위의 지하수 오염이 심각할 수 있다. 이러한 지하수에 의한 오염원을 산정하고 분석하기 위해 여러 가지 수문관련 공식이나, HSPF, MODFLOW, SWAT 모형 등이 사용되고 있는데 이 중, SWAT 모형은 다양한 작물 및 재배방법이 지표수 및 지하수 수질에 미치는 영향을 유역단위로 평가가 가능하여 국내 외 에서 널리 활용되고 있다. SWAT 모형은 소유역별 수문학적 반응단위인 HRU를 이용하여 유역 내 수문 및 수질을 평가하는데 소유역내 HRU의 공간적인 정보를 고려하지 않는 준 분포형 모형으로 다양한 영농방법이 지표수 및 지하수에 미치는 영향을 공간적으로 분석 하는데는 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 SWAT 모형의 단점을 개선하여 공간적으로 분석할 수 있는 SWAT HRU Mapping module을 개발하였고 강원도 평창군 대관령면 횡계2리 지역에 적용하여 지하수 함양량 및 대수층 유입 $NO_3$-N 부하량 및 농도를 분석하였다. 적용결과, 횡계2리 유역의 2006년 대수층 유입 $NO_3$-N 부하량 및 농도를 비교하면 일반적으로 농경지에서의 대수층 유입 $NO_3$-N 부하량이 큰 것으로 나타났고, 대부분 농경지에서 대수층으로 유입되는 $NO_3$-N의 농도가 산림에 비해서 상당히 높은 것으로 분석되었으며 2007년의 결과도 비슷한 경향이 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과에서와 같이 같은 밭이라 하더라도 재배되는 작물의 종류 및 시비량 등에 따라 대수층으로 유입되는 오염부하에는 상당한 영향이 있을 수 있으며, 또한 재배 작물과 토양 특성에 따라 $NO_3$-N이 대수층으로 유입될 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 HRU Mapping Module은 유역에서의 수질 개선시기저유출을 통한 오염원의 시공간적 분석을 하는데 매우 유용하게 활용될 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.333-342
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• 2012

We studied the characteristics of spatial distribution of global wave height and carried out the modelsensitivity test by changing the input field, model resolution and physical factor (effective wind factor) since the spatial and temporal resolution in wind wave forecasting is one of most important factors. Comparisons among the different cases, and also between model, buoy and satellite data have been made. As a results of the wind-wave model run using the high resolution wind field, the bias of significant wave height showed the positive tendency and the Root-Mean Square Error(RMSE) was a bit decreased based on the comparison with buoy data. When the model resolution was changed to higher, the bias and RMSE was increased, and as the effective wind factor was smaller than default value(= 1.4) the bias and RMSE showed also decreasing pattern.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.91-102
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• 2016

The spatio-temporal variations of the dissolved methane concentration were investigated and the methane budget was estimated in the Nakdong Estuary in January, September, and November of 2014. Dissolved methane showed seasonal variation (21~874 nM) with high concentration in summer due to enhanced temperature and fresh water discharge. Decreasing trends of dissolved methane from the river to the estuary were consistent in all seasons showing the main source of the estuarine methane is river discharge. However, the decreasing trends were modified seasonally due to the local sources such as organic-rich sediments in intertidal zone or near the estuarine barrage. Dissolved methane concentration in the Nakdong Estuary was high, compared to other estuaries probably due to the well developed wetland in Nakdong-river system and stagnation effect from barrages and dams. Dominant sink for the Nakdong estuarine methane was outflux into the atmosphere. Relatively long residence time (produced by barrier island and estuarine dam) in the estuary might provide the enough time for the outgassing.