• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.542-549
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• 2008

The effects of Angelica gigas nakai powder(AP) addition on bread dough were investigated by preparing dough with 0-10%(w/v) powder. Dough raising power, gluten levels, rapid visco properties, and falling number, were investigated. The rheological properties of dough as measured by mixography, farinography, alveography, color assessment, and with scanning electron microscopy, were examined. Increase in AP concentration resulted in a linear decrease in gluten content. Dough raising power and extensibility were decreased by water absorption rate, and resistance increased. Dough stability and rose when AP was present at 1-2%(w/v). Water absorption, dough stability, and dough valorimeter values also rose when AP was present at 1-2%(w/v), but AP induced weakness in the dough, as revealed through farinography, and also resulted in a lowering of initial pasting temperature and the temperature at peak viscosity. A decrease in viscosity at the peak point, and(as revealed by RVA), a decrease in extensibility, an increased resistance to extension, and a rise in the energy required for extension, were also seen when AP powder was added, as was an increase in the R/E ratio. Overall, the addition of AP to dough to levels of 1% or 2%(both w/v) is thought to be useful in the preparation of a functional white pan bread, and results in quality improvements.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.3 s.45
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• pp.183-194
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• 2005

The mineralogical, physicochemical and thermal properties of the Myogi bentonite occurring in Japan were measured. A adsorption properties of U, Th, Ce and Eu ions on the Myogi bentonite were also investigated in different solution concentrations and pH conditions. The Myogi bentonite showed a strong alkaline character (pH 10.4), very high swelling, viscosity property and CEC, and a slow flocculation behavior due to the strong hydrophilic property. By the thermal analysis, the dehydroxylation of crystal water in bulk and clay fractions of the Myogi bentonite occur at $591^{\circ}C$ and $658^{\circ}C$, respectively, The adsorption experiments of ions such as U, Th, Ce and Eu were conducted for 0.2 g bentonites with 20mL solutions of various concentrations and different pH conditions with pH 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. As a result, the Myogi bentonite showed excellent adsorption capacities for Ce, Th and Eu ions, whereas U ion showed very low adsorption capacity. Generally, Ce, Th and Eu ions showed the similar adsorption properties for the different concentrated solutions and pH conditions. These adsorption properties seem to be affected by the formation of various forms of chemical species and precipitation as well as ionic exchange reaction and surface adsorptions on smectite. Some associated zeolite minerals perhaps have some effects on the adsorption of U, Th, Ce and Eu on Myogi bentonite.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2005

One of the endoglucanases, F-I-III, was purified from the culture filtrate of T. sp. C-4 through procedures including chromatography on Sephacryl S-200, DEAE-Sepharose A-50, and Chromatofocusing on Mono-P (FPLC). The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be about 56,000 Da by SDS-PAGE, and pI of 4.9 by analytical isoelectric focusing. F-I-III showed the highest enzyme activity at $55^{\circ}C$, and the pH optimum of the enzyme was 5.0. There was no loss of activity when the enzyme was incubated at $50^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. The specific activity of the enzyme F-I-III toward the CMC was 315.4 U/mg. The Km value for $PNPG_2$ of F-I-III was 2.69 mM. N-terminal sequence of F-I-III was analyzed to be QPGTSTPEVHPKKLTTYK. It showed $95\%$ of homology to that of EGI from T. reesei. The presence of some metal ions (1 mM) had only a little effect on CMCase activity. The treatment of the reducing agents resulted in the increase of endoglucanase activity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2015

Purpose: The current study was performed to compare the difference in binocular visual function depending on variable background colors at near work. Method: Fifty four adults (18 males, 34 females) who consented to the present study and had no ocular disease, ocular surgery history, strabismus and amblyopia with normal binocular vision were participated into this study. The subjects were asked to read the novels with black letter printed on white, red, green and blue background for 15 min. Then, their heterophoria, AC/A ratio, near point of convergence, accommodation facility, relative accommodation and vergence were measured before and after reading. The difference of measurements were compared. Result: Overall heterophoria was tended to decrease with regardless of background color. AC/A ratio showed a tendency of increase after reading the novels with all backgrounds except white background. Near point of convergence was significantly increased compared to before reading at all background color. Accommodative facility of dominant and non-dominant eyes were also significantly increased after reading however, binocular accommodative facility showed a tendency of decrease. Negative relative accommodation also decreased at all background colors however, the change of positive relative accommodation was not significantly different. In case of vergence, there was significant difference in break point of far BO and recovery point of far BI by the wavelength of background color. Conclusions: From the results, it was known there is convergence change depending on the wavelength of light even though same amount of accommodation and convergence is required when doing near work for certain period. Thus, it can be suggested that the adjustment of the near working environment which perception of various color was required, should be conducted according to the main wavelength.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.428-433
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• 2010

Enzymatic hydrolysis of sulfate groups in agaropectin or agar simplifies the production process of high-quality or low sulfate-content agarose. This study was investigated that cell surface displayed arylsulfatase can be applied to desulfatation of agar for production of agarose. Sulfate content of agarose prepared by treatment of yeast surface-displayed arylsulfatase was decreased in a enzyme dosedependent manner. Especially, 35 unit/mL of yeast surface arylsulfatase attenuated sulfate content of agarose up to 0.2%. In the 0.6% agar(Junsei), 35 unit/mL enzyme treated at $40^{\circ}C$ for 3 h showed the lowest content of sulfate. Therefore, this result was determined to be the optimal condition to desulfatation of agar for production of agarose. In addition, the gel strength of yeast surface arylsulfatase treated agar and commercial agarose were compared. Agarose prepared by treatment of yeast surface arylsulfatase showed $559.8{\pm}0.12$ of gel strength, and it is a similar compared to the commercial agarose.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2001

Physicochemical properties including viscosity, temperature and pH stability, color turbidity and moisture retention power of xylooligosaccharide(XO) as food material were investigated to apply to food process. The viscosity of 70 bx XO was 930 cP at $20^{\circ}C$ and 90 cP at $60^{\circ}C$, which was higher than that of sugar but lower than that of other oligosacchrides. XO remained stable after heat treatment for 1hr at $100^{\circ}C$ and pH 2.5 to 8.0 indicating excellent heat and pH stability. The pH of XO was measured $5.0{\pm}0.1$ and the color turbidvity of XO was very low at pH $2.5{\sim}4.0$. The color turbidity of XO increased as pH increased, but it was not high enough to affect food process. When heated with 1% glycine the color turbidity of XO was very low and changed little with pH changes. To measure moisture retention power XO was stored at $25^{\circ}C$ and 75% relative humidity for 71 day. XO retained more than 95% of the original weight; whereas sugar lost 28%. These results suggest that XO has useful physicochemical properties for various food process to improve the functionality of food.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.59-75
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• 2002

This study tried to evaluate the usability of web-based academic library services delivered to users in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction. 13 subjects were randomly selected on the voluntary basis in Duksung Women's University Library from Dec. 15, 2001 to Feb. 27, 2002. They were given six kinds of tasks related to the use of library services through the library website. 3.6 tasks out of 6 were given right answers by subjects, with success rate of 60% and average spent time of 2 minutes and 22 seconds. The most effective library services on the website was a book search with success rate of 100%. However the least effective service was journal article search with success rate of 23.1% . The most efficient library service on the web was a book search. 100% of subjects found the answer in 42.2 seconds, while the least efficient library service was journal article search in which 23.1% of subjects found the answer in 271.7 seconds. Subjects were highly satisfied with the book request service on the web since it is the easiest to understand and the most convenient to use.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.123-128
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• 2012

Evidence suggests that even low-dose irradiation can lead to progressive cognitive decline and memory deficits, which implicates, in part, hippocampal dysfunction in both humans and experimental animals. This study examined whether diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) could attenuate memory impairment, using passive avoidance and object recognition test, and suppression of hippocampal neurogenesis, using the TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical detection with markers of neurogenesis (Kiel 67 (Ki-67) and doublecortin (DCX)) in adult mice treated with gamma radiation (0.5 or 2 Gy). DDC was administered intraperitonially at a dosage of 1,000 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ of body weight at 30 min. before irradiation. In passive avoidance and object recognition memory test, the mice, trained for 1 day after acute irradiation (2 Gy) showed significant memory deficits compared with the sham controls. The number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic nuclei in the dentate gyrus (DG) was increased 12 h after irradiation. In addition, the number of Ki-67- and DCX-positive cells were significantly decreased. DDC treatment prior to irradiation attenuated the memory defect, and blocked the apoptotic death. DDC may attenuate memory defect in a relatively low-dose exposure of radiation in adult mice, possibly by inhibiting a detrimental effect of irradiation on hippocampal neurogenesis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.503-516
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• 2001

Background : The present study was carried out in association with neutrophilic respiratory burst in the lung in order to clarify the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) following acute severe hemorrhage. Because oxidative stress has been suggested as one of the principal factors causing tissue injury, the role of free radicals from neutrophils was assessed in acute hemorrhage-induced lung injury. Method : In Sprague-Dawley rats, hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood(20 ml/kg of B.W) for 5 min and the hypotensive state was sustained for 60 min. To determine the mechanism and role of oxidative stress associated with phospholipase A2(PLA2) by neutrophils, the level of lung leakage, pulmonary myeloperoxidase(MPO), and the pulmonary PLA2 were measured. In addition, the production of free radicals was assessed in isolated neutrophils by cytochemical electron microscopy in the lung. Results : In hypotensive shock-induced acute lung injury, the pulmonary MPO, the level of lung leakage and the production of free radicals were higher. The inhibition of PLA2 with mepacrine decreased the pulmonary MPO, level of lung leakage and the production of free radicals from neutrophils. Conclusion : A. neutrophilic respiratory burst is responsible for the oxidative stress causing acute lung injury followed by acute, severe hemorrhage. PLA2 activation is the principal cause of this oxidative stress.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.479-490
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• 2013

In this research we surveyed level of textual recognition and of practice by nursing students regarding patient privacy protection. The subjects were 383 nursing students. The questionnaire developed by Lee and Park (2005) were modified and used. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients. The result shows that about 96.1% of the subjects received education on patient privacy protection in school or hospital but 48.0% of all received education of 10 minutes or less. Average score for recognition of patient privacy protection was a 4.13 but average practice score was 3.84. Among all areas, communication tasks showed the highest scores for both recognition and practice. There are differences according to grade in school and age of the subject, and experience with clinical practice, existence of regular educational program embedded in clinical practice at hospitals, and the length of each educational session. For both total score and score for every domain, there was a correlation between recognition and practice. The conclusions drawn from this research will help colleges of nursing and hospitals to design and develop contents of educational programs for nursing students.