• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.425-431
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• 2018

The middle aged women in their 40s and 50s were the subjects for this study. There were 6 women for the group of complex exercise. There were 6 women for the group of complex exercise and intake of peony beverage. There were 5 women for controlled group. This study compares and analyzes the effect of complex exercise program, in which the subjects exercise 60 minutes a day for three times a week, on the physical structure, inflammation factors and metabolic syndrome of middle aged women. The result is as shown in the following. there were significant difference (p<.001) for fibrinogen of each group in the change of inflammation factors due to regular complex exercise program and intake of peony beverage. But there were not significant difference in the period, period x the effect of groups' interaction. It is believed that there could be polluted variables, as the number of subjects for this study is not enough. So there should be a study that has more subjects to make it more significant.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.469-481
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• 2006

Among the etiologic factors of enamel corrosion, daily intake has been considered with a profound interest, especially the intake of acidic drinks. It is thought that the rapid consumption of acidic drinks will not only results in the affection to the teeth but also to the surface of the tooth-colored restorative materials. Therefore, the puopose of this study is to examine the alterations occurred in the surface of the tooth-colored materials according to the exposed time, with 3 most common acidic drinks in contact with daily life. Resin-modified glass-ionomer, polyacid-modified composite resin, composite resin were immersed on 0.9% NaCl, Coke, orange juice, sports beverages as 4 groups in each. The surface hardness and the surface roughness of specimens were measured with following methods: before immersion, 1 day after immersion, 1-,2-,3-,4- weeks after immersion. Results were as follows. 1. Tooth-colored restorative materials, with the exception of composite resin, showed statistically significant changes in surface hardness and roughness when immersed on acidic drinks(p<0.05). 2. The degree of change in surface hardness and roughness occurred as follows, in order of severity from greatest to least resin-modified glass-ionomer, polyacid-modified composite resin, composite resin 3. Sports beverages resulted in greater alterations to surfaces than Coke and orange juice. 4. In the SEM image of the groups immersed in acidic drinks, resin-modified glass-ionomer and polyacid-modified composite resin showed loss of filer. Severe cracks were observed, especially on the resin-modified glass-ionomer.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.2
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• pp.232-239
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• 2011

This study was performed to find out the persimmon vinegar as a functional drink on reducing blood lipids and enhancing exercise performance. For these, thirty two Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups; control (CONT), water placebo with high fat diet control (ACON), high fat diet with 2.5 times diluted persimmon vinegar ingestion (PV2.5), and high fat diet with 5.0 times diluted persimmon vinegar ingestion (PV5.0). Body weight was not different. Abdominal fat pads were statistically reduced in PV2.5 and PV5.0 compared to CONT and ACON. Blood glucose was not significant but TC, LDL-C and TG were lower in PV2.5 and PV5.0 than other groups, and HDL-C in PV2.5 was the highest among groups. Glycogen contents in the muscle and liver were higher in PV2.5 and PV5.0 compared to CONT and ACON. These results suggested that persimmon vinegar ingestion may inhibit the blood lipids increase and increase glycogen storage which possibly enhancing exercise performance. Therefore, persimmon vinegar has the possibility as the functional drink.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.691-700
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• 2017

International sports events is one of the core products in the sports industry the scale of sports event business is steadily increasing. However, In terms of sports event management, knowledge and experience generated through sports events are ineffective and non-systematically managed. For this reason, unnecessary resources are wasted and trial and error are repeated in hosting, preparing and operating in sports event management. The purpose of this study is to develop a sports event management process and evaluate conformance. To accomplish the purpose of this study, developed the core processes of sports events in step by step and then applied and conformance evaluated of the designed process. Developed and evaluated sports events management processes are five Functional Area of registration, accommodation, transport, broadcasting, and food and beverage. Of these FA, 63 activities were selected and analyzed. The modeling was used as IDEF method, the conformity analysis was used as Fuzzy logic, analysis tool was used ProM.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.425-430
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• 2005

Relative sweetness of sucralose, an intensive sweetener, to sucrose or fructose in binary model solution and beverage systems was examined. Sensory properties of sucralose solution, orange flavored beverage and sports drink containing sucralose were evaluated at the equi-sweetness to sucrose or fructose. Consumer acceptability tests were performed on orange flavored beverage. Relative sweetness of sucralose to sucrose was 350 and 500 in binary model solution and orange flavored beverage, respectively, while that of sucralose to fructose in sports drink was 550. All the sensory properties, except astringency, of sucralose solution examined were similar to those of sucrose solution. The sensory properties of orange flavored beverage, in which 50% sucrose was replaced with sucralose, were very close, and showed comparable or higher overall acceptability to that containing sucrose only. When fructose was replaced with sucralose in sports drink sour, salty and bitter tastes, metallic flavor, and astringency slightly increased.

• Food Industry
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• s.180
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• pp.27-64
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• 2004

국내 제조업 전체에서 식음료품은 $6.31\%$를 차지하고 있다. 2000년을 기준으로 식품산업의 총매출실적을 보면 32조 3,463억원을 기록하고 있는데, 이 중 식료품은 26조 921억원, 알콜올음료를 포함한 음료품은 6조 2,516억원을 차지하고 있다. 2001년, 음료시장의 규모는 약 2조 7,900억원 정도였다. 빠르게 성장하던 전체 음료시장의 매출은 IMF 이후 약간 주춤하는 경향을 보였지만 지속적으로 매출액이 상승하여 2002년에는 3조 4천억원의 매출을 기록하였다. 이것은 사이다, 후레바, 정통주스, 냉장주스, 스포츠 음료, 두유 및 기능성음료 등이 성장을 주도하였다. 2003년 상반기, 1조 6,500억원으로 전년 동기대비 $3\%$ 감소하였지만 2003년 전체 실적은 대략 지난해와 비슷한 3조 5,000억원 규모로 전망된다. 내수량의 경우 탄산음료와 과즙음료가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈지만, 전체적으로는 증가하였다. 다류시장의 규모는 약 650억원, 캔커피시장의 규모는 2,400억원 정도로 나타났다. 이처럼 음료$\cdot$다류 시장은 전체적으로 약 4조원의 거대시장규모를 형성하고 있으며 내수가 지속적으로 증가되고 있어, 점차 시장규모도 증가할 것으로 전망되고 있다. 최근에는 기능성 음료 및 다류의 시장규모가 전체의 $20\%$에 달할 정도로 신장하였으며, 기능성음료 및 다류의 특허출원도 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 이는 비단 국내에서 뿐만 아니라 세계적인 현상이며 이러한 추세는 앞으로 지속될 것으로 전망되고 있다. 이처럼 기능성음료 및 다류의 성장이 두드러지고 있는 것은 시대가 변하면서 현대인들의 생활방식과 식생활 변화, 질병형태 다양화 등 여러 사회적 여건이 변화되고 있는데 기인하며, 현대인의 건강에 대한 관심의 증대는 음료시장의 쾌속성장과 틈새수요를 지속적으로 창출하고 있다. 현재 세계 건강기능성 식품의 시장 규모는 약 160조원이며, 국내의 경우 약 1조원에 이르는 실정이다. 이 중 기능성음료 시장은 국내에서 약 4천억원 규모로 기능성식품 시장의 $40\%$를 차지하고 있다. 이처럼 기능성음료 시장은 최근 연간 $7\%$ 정도의 빠른 성장률을 보이고 있으며 향후에도 $6.7\%$의 실질 연간 성장률을 지속할 것으로 전망되고 있다. 전해질(이온)음료나 식이섬유를 포함하는 다이어트음료에서 출발한 기능성음료는 숙취해소, 성인병 예방, 스트레스 해소에 이르기까지 각종 질병의 치료 및 예방으로 확대되고 있다. 앞으로는 BT 및 나노 기술 등을 이용한 신기능 소재들에 대한 다각적인 효능의 규명에 따른 음료$\cdot$다류 소재의 개발과 더불어 체질개선, 다이어트, 숙취해소 등의 특정한 기능성과 관련한 음료$\cdot$다류의 특허출원이 계속될 것으로 전망된다. 복잡한 한약의 제조과정을 단순화하여 티백이나 캔 형태로 만든 맛과 기능이 조화된 음료$\cdot$다류 분야의 연구개발이 지속될 것으로 보이며, 시장 규모의 확대와 더불어 기능성과 간편성을 동시에 추구하는 신세대 소비자들의 성향을 겨냥하여 기존의 음료$\cdot$다류 전문 업체 외에도 제약회사 등의 비음료 업체도 다양한 형태의 음료$\cdot$다류 기술개발을 지속할 것으로 예상되고 있다. 특히 새로운 신기능성 소재를 개발하는 것은 고부가가치 기술로써 BT, NT 등의 최첨단 기술의 발전과 도입으로 인해 그동안 수입에 의존하던 기능성 소재들도 국내 기업들의 축전된 기반기술을 통하여 대거 참입할 것으로 보인다. 하지만, 여러 업체의 음료$\cdot$다류시장 진출에 따라 야기될 수 있는 비위생이고 효능이 불확실한 식품의 유통, 업체간의 과열경쟁에 따른 유통질서 문란 등은 모처럼 활기를 되찾은 음료$\cdot$다류 분야의 기술개발을 위축시킬 수도 있으므로 정부차원에서 체계적이고 효율적인 관리가 조속히 이루어져야 할 것이며 이를 제도적으로 뒷받침하기 위한 정책이 수립되고 시행되어야 할 것으로 보인다. 특히, 원료적인 측면에서의 무역 불균형은 반드시 해소되어야 할 부분이다. 대부분이 수입 기능성 원료에 의존하고 있는 현실에서 국내의 BT 기술 확충에 더욱 많은 투자와 노력이 집중되어야 할 것이다. 세계적으로 경쟁이 될 수 있는 기능성 소재의 개발과 이를 통한 신기능 음료의 개발은 단순한 수학적 계산을 넘어서 국가의 기술력을 홍보할수 있는 좋은 계기가 되기 때문이다. 바야흐로 음료$\cdot$다류 분야에 대한 열기가 식품시장을 주도하면서, 시장이 안정적으로 확대되기 위해서는 지속적인 기술개발이 이루어져야 한다는 것은 재론의 여지가 없다고 하겠다.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.117-134
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• 2022

This study conducted a survey on visitors who visited the 2021-2022 KBL Professional Basketball Stadium in Wonju to understand how professional sports viewing factors affect the club image, club satisfaction, and club reputation. As factors for watching professional sports, four factors were considered: stadium, game situation, spectating cost, and spectator promotion. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed and 411 questionnaires excluding 39 questionnaires were used as the final analysis data. For the effective questionnaire survey, After analyzing the purpose and purpose of the research, participants were asked to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS statistical package after data coding and cleaning process. The results of this study are as follows. First, the effect of professional sports viewing factor on brand image was 45.1%, and the factor of pro sports viewing was significant in stadium, competition situation, and promotion of viewing, and had no effect on viewing cost. Second, the influence of professional sporting factor on the satisfaction of the team was 42.5% in explaining power, which was significant in the stadium, the competition situation, the cost of visiting, and promotion of viewing. Third, the influence of professional sports viewing factor on team reputation was 62.1%, and the factor of professional sports viewing was significant in promoting stadium, visiting cost, and viewing, and had no effect on economic situation. The implication of this study is that in order to increase the brand value of the club, it is much more effective to increase the quality of facilities and food and beverages and to activate events for the audience than to lower the cost of viewing.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.219-227
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• 2009

The antifatigue and endurance promoting properties of two Korean medicinal herb extracts and molasses with various mineral components were studied by evaluating forced-swimming capacity and biochemical parameters in ICR mice. The treatment groups were orally administered mineral beverages which were contained 6% sugar with the mixture of Maesil (Prunus mume fruit) extracts, Omija (Schisandra chinensis fruit) extracts and molasses for 4 weeks. The exercised forced-swimming tests were conducted after 28 days of beverage supplementation. The swimming times to exhaustion were longer 1.5${\sim}$2 times in group 6 and group 10 than control goup (Control: 93.2${\pm}$10.4 sec; Beverage 6; 190.8${\pm}$25.6 sec, Beverage 10; 173.6${\pm}$21.8 sec; p<0.05). Moreover, the activity of hexokinase (Control: 5.23${\pm}$0.38 ${\mu}mol$l/g tissue; Beverage 6: 5.99${\pm}$0.18 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, Beverage 10: 6.13${\pm}$0.25 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, p<0.05) and citrate synthase (control: 42.9${\pm}$1.87 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue; Beverage 6: 56.8${\pm}$3.98 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, Beverage 10; 59.5${\pm}$3.09 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, p<0.05) were also significantly higher than those of control group. Even if the treatment groups had long swimming than control group, there is no significant difference in the glycogen contents of gastrocnemus muscle or liver between the control group and each treatment group. This demonstrated an improvement in endurance. These results suggest that reported herbal beverage is very effective to combat fatigue, improve endurance and increase overall physical activity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 2017

We evaluated the effect of cucumber vinegar (CV) on fatigue accumulation in rats that performed high-intensity exercise. The rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: sedentary control (SC), exercise control (EC), and CV. Body weights were higher in groups EC and CV than in group SC. Organ weights in group CV did not differ from those in group SC. Running time was significantly longer in group CV than in the other groups. Compared to group EC, cucumber vinegar administration markedly decreased serum concentrations of ammonia, inorganic phosphate, and ${{\small}L}$-lactate. The activities of serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly lower in group CV than in groups SC and EC. Glycogen contents in the muscle and liver were higher in group CV than in groups SC and EC. These results suggest that cucumber vinegar can serve as a functional ingredient in the development of a beverage to attenuate fatigue.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristics of the adolescent consumers related to the attitudes toward TV advertisements on and purchasing behaviors of the sport beverages, and to test the role of the atitudes toward TV advertisements between the consumer characteristics and the purchasing behaviors of the sport beverages. The qusetionnaire method was utilized to 549 female and male junior and senior high school students in urban and rural areas. The results showed that the attitudes toward TV advertisement on sport beverage was related to the residentiae years in school, whom to buy, level of interests in sports, and level of knowledges of the beverages; purchasing behaviors of the sport beverages, whom to buy, gender, level of knowledges of the beverages, size of the allowance, and the residentiae years in school. The attitudes toward TV advertisements seemed to the intervenning role between the consumer characteristics and the purchasing behaviors among adolescent consumers.