• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2020

The necessaries of Flowchart learning for software education have been discussed but most studies were conducted on learning methods. In this study, Unplugged Flowchart Learning programs for fifth grade students were developed and taught, and their effectiveness were analyzed. The programs were made of 8 themes(16 periods) based on the learner's levels. The effectiveness of the programs were qualitatively analyzed based on classwork sheets, as well as observation and interview. Computational Thinking tests were pre-tested and post-tested for qualitative analyses. This study found that all sub-areas of CT of the students who took the Unplugged flowchart learning program were significantly improved as well as the overall scores of CT. In particular, students' improvements in the area of abstraction and automation was notable. Various interactions between teacher-learners and learners-learners were observed during class, and were found to have positive effects on changes in learners' attitudes and perceptions.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate effects of brain-based learning. 27 primary studies were selected through rigorous search process and analyzed through meta-analytic methods. Research findings are as follows. First, the total effect size was .67. Second, the effect of dependent variables was academic achievement, cognitive domain, and affective domain in order. Third, with respect to types of cognitive domain, the effect was self-regulation, creativity, competence, communication, and research ability in order. Fourth, the effect of affective domains was sociality, learning interest, and subject attitude in order. Fifth, regarding development of cognitive ability, the effect size was combined, brain training, learning environments, and right brain activities in order. Sixth, the effect of learning activities was memory improvement and attention enhancement in order.

• School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.175-191
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• 2016

In the elementary school mathematics textbook that has been revised in 2013, the instructional sequence for teaching addition and subtraction, which had remained unchanged for three decades since 1982, was finally changed in 2013. Particularly, the addition and subtraction of two-digit numbers without regrouping, such as 72+25=97 or 85-24=61, are taught earlier than the composing and decomposing of the number 10 using other numbers. This study examines the appropriacy and validity of these changes. However, the reason for these changes in the national curriculum or teacher's guide could not be determined. Further, several references emphasize the addition of two single-digit numbers, such as 7+8=15, and the subtraction of a single-digit number from a number between 11 and 19, such as 16-9=7, as basic facts. In other countries' textbooks, the teaching of addition and subtraction up to the number 20 is prioritized before teaching the addition and subtraction of two-digit numbers without regrouping. The results of this study indicate that these changes in the instructional sequence in the textbook that was revised in 2013 need to be reconsidered.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.11-12
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• 1974

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1983

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.595-597
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• 2001

World-Wide Web으로 인하여 인터넷 상의 다양하고 고품질의 자료들을 교육 자료에 손쉽게 활용할 수 있는 시대가 도래하였다. 그러나 이러한 자료들은 교육적 효과를 극대화시키기 위해서 좀 더 정제되고, 교육과정에 맞는 흐름을 가질 필요가 있다. 이러한 과정의 흐름을 제공하기 위해서는 웹 상에서 분산되어 독립적으로 존재하는 디지털 문서들을 교육 목적에 맞게 새로운 순서, 즉 문맥화된 순서를 가진 자료로 재구성할 수 있어야 하며, 문서간의 부드러운 내용 전개를 위해서 부가적인 설명이나 기존 문서에 빠져 있는 내용들을 보완할 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문의 연구과정에서 개발된 가상교육 시스템은 교사가 교육용 지식문서를 작성하여 면대면(face to face) 교육에서는 직접 학생들을 교육할 수 있는 교육 자료로 사용될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 웹을 통해서는 학생 스스로가 부족한 부분을 원하는 시간에 학습할 수 있는 능동적인 교육 환경을 제공할 수 있다. 또한, 가상교육 시스템에 가상문서 개념을 도입함으로써 인터넷 상의 수많은 리소스들을 인용하는 것에 대한 부하를 막을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 인터넷 상의 디지털 컨텐츠를 전문적인 지식을 가진 교사가 교육과정에 맞게 쉽게 재구성해 줄 수 있도록 가상교육 시스템을 설계 및 구현한 내용에 대해 기술한다.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.363-369
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• 2020

This study intends to examine effects of python education for adolescents. 6 primary studies were chosen through careful search process and investigated through meta-analysis. Research findings were as follows. The total effect size was 0.684. Second, the effect sizes of dependent variables were academic achievement 0.871, cognitive domain 0.625, and affective domain 0.428 in order. Third, for cognitive domain, the effect sizes were self-efficacy 0.833, problem-solving 0.283, computing thinking 0.276, and coding competency 0.251 in order. Fourth, for affective domain, the effect sizes were learning interest 0.560 and programming interest 0.417 in order. Fifth, regarding school level, the effect sizes were middle school 0.851, high school 0.585, and college 0.435 in order. Finally, for subject areas, the effect sizes were mathematics 1.057, design 0.595, information 0.585, and software 0.28 in order.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.85-100
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• 2005

In recent papers (Pak et al., Pak and Kim), it was suggested to positively use the history of mathematics for the education of mathematics and discussed the determining problem of the order of instruction in mathematics. There are three kinds of order of instruction - historical order, theoretical organization, lecturing organization. Lecturing organization order is a combination of historical order and theoretical organization order. It basically depends on his or her own value of education of each teacher. The present paper considers a concrete problem determining the order of instruction for the concept of angle. Since the concept of angle is defined in relation to figures, we have to solve the determining problem of the order of instruction for the concept of figure. In order to do this, we first investigate a historical order of the concept of figure by reviewing it in the history of mathematics. And then we introduce a theoretical organization order of the concept of figure. From these basic data we establish a lecturing organization order of the concept of figure from the viewpoint of problem-solving. According to this order we finally develop the concept of angle and a related global property which leads to the so-called Gauss-Bonnet theorem.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.87-93
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• 2006

본 연구는 프로그래밍의 기초 개념과 프로그램 작성 전 매우 중요한 비중을 차지하는 순서도를 활용하여 초등학교 학생에게 적합한 프로그래밍 기초학습 내용을 선정하고 협력학습을 통한 프로그래밍 기초 학습 수업을 설계하여 성취도에 대한 영향을 분석함으로 초등학교 학생들의 체계적인 프로그래밍 학습 방법을 모색하여 초등학교에서의 적합한 프로그래밍 교육 과정의 일부를 제시하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.109-124
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• 2007

With the advance of the Internet and computing technologies, e-learning is now a hot issue worldwide for providing the effective learning on the cyber-space. However, most of existing e-learning contents have been developed mainly based on text, including simple multimedia elements such as images, animations, and voices. This paper suggests a method effective for the computer programming e-learning. The method is based on program visualization using flowcharts. It features the stepwise hierarchical program visualization on the level of statements, the flowchart based visualization for control constructs of languages, visualization over whole programs, visualization compared with source codes, and interaction with users. Finally, we implement a system to realize the suggested method, and execute it for an example program.