• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.382-391
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• 2002

This study is devoted to the problems of thermal and shrinkage stresses in order to avoid cracking at early ages. The early-age damage induced by volume change has great influence on the long-term structural performance of the concrete structures such as its durability and serviceability To solve this complex problem, the computer programs for analysis of thermal and shrinkage stresses were developed. In these procedures, numerous material models are needed and the realistic numerical models have been developed and validated by comparison with relevant experimental results in order to solve practical problems. A framework has been established for formulation of material models and analysis with 3-D finite element method. After the analysis of the temperature, moisture and degree of hydration field in hardening concrete structure, the stress development is determined by incremental structural formulation derived from the principle of virtual work. In this study, the stress development is related to thermal and shrinkage deformation, and resulting stress relaxation due to the effect of early-age creep. From the experimental and numerical results it is found that the early-age creep p)ays important role in evaluating the accurate stress state. The developed analysis program can be efficiently utilized as a useful tool to evaluate the thermal and shrinkage stresses and to find measures for avoiding detrimental cracking of concrete structures at early ages.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.1779-1785
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• 2006

This paper presents a method of virtual robot arm control by EMG pattern recognition using the proposed hybrid system. The proposed hybrid system is composed of the LVQ and the SOFM, and the SOFM is used for the preprocessing of the LVQ. The SOFM converts the high dimensional EMG signals to 2-dimensional data. The EMG measurement system uses three surface electrodes to acquire the EMG signal from operator. Six hand gestures can be classified sufficiently by the proposed hybrid system. Experimental results are presented that show the effectiveness of the virtual robot arm control by the proposed hybrid system based classifier for the recognition of hand gestures from EMG signal patterns.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2008

재전통의학이론상일반운용'토법'적주요목표이병인화병위양종분류인식하거적(在전統의학理논上一般운用'吐法'的主要目표以病因和病位양종分류인식下去的). 관우병인의미착직접토출격상(관于病因意味着직接吐出膈上), 위완적담음숙식지인착오적섭식지유독지물(胃脘的痰음宿食지因錯오的섭食之有毒之物), 관우병위가이설(관于病位可以설), '기고자(其高者), 인이월지'적'기고자'시지상완(因而越之'的'其高者'是指上脘), 격상적유형실사(膈上的有形실邪). 장자화재 "유문사친"상설"일토지중(장子和在"儒門事親"上설"一吐之中), 변태무궁(변태无궁), 루용루험(屢用屢험), 이지불의(以지不疑)", 몰구완격담식혹비교고적병위(沒拘脘膈痰食或比較高的病位). 이차통과흔다임상경험(而且通과흔多임床경험), '토법(吐法)'능취득료타개현부이발산피부적청양(能取得了打개玄府而발散皮부的淸양), 타개하초(打개下焦), 천착장중적옹체(穿着腸中的壅滯), 통조수도(通조水道), 단절수지상원(단絶水之上源), 접통울체(接通울滯), 피상행진기(被上行진기), 접통관객(接通관객), 교류상하적(交流上下的) 음양(陰陽), 교제심신(交제心신), 조절병교제수화(조절병交제水火), 창달기기(창달기기), 접통경락혈맥등적성효(接通경絡血맥等的成效). 인차타확장료'토법'적치료범위(因此他擴장了'吐法'的治료范圍). 본논문관우장씨적'토법'(本논文관于장氏的'吐法'), 개념(槪念), 방법급종류(方法及종류), 규율(규律), 통토적치료기전(通吐的治료기전), 금기(禁忌), 조선적방면래진행정리(조宣的方面래진行整理), 보고(報告).

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.53
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• pp.215-254
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• 2017

In the study of divining art, Hoche(互體) plays vital roles in the composition of Goaes(卦) and interpretation of Sutras, but the reality is that the research effort for Hoche has been poor along with the perception of its utilization. This study set out to investigate connections among Bongoae(本卦), Hoche, and Hoche of Hoche(Hohoche互互體) and thus shed new light on the importance of Hoche in the composition and interpretation of Yi. 64 Goaes belong to 16 Hoches, which should belong to 4 Hoches. 4 Hoches Jungcheongeon(重天乾), Jungjigon(重地坤), Suhwagije(水火旣濟), and Hwasumije (火水未濟). That is, one can make 6 Hoikgoaes(劃卦) by extracting Hoche from the 6 Hoikgoaes comprised of Hoche of Bongoae, and they converge on 4 Goaes of Geon (乾), Gon(坤), Gije(旣濟), and Mije(未濟). The present study named Hoche of Hoche Hohoche and argued that there should be some consistent connections in the interpretation of meanings of these 4 Hohoche Goaes and their respective Hoches and Bongoaes. Focusing on the discovery of common meanings among the Hoches and Bongoaes of "Danjeon(彖傳)" and" Daesangjeon(大象傳)" of Hohoche. Book of Changes begin with Jungcheongeon and Jungjigon and end with Suhwagije and Hwasumije. The Hohoche of 64 Goaes(卦) are concluded into these 4 Goaes, which indicates that the 4 Goaes have supervision over beginning and ending and that all the Goaes between them operate within the categories of 4 Goaes. The content of "Danjeon" and "Daesangjeon" in Hohoche holds certain semantic connections in the interpretation of Hoche and Bongoae restored to Hohoche and points to the directionality of the interpretation. Those findings open a window for investigating Hoche with the core principle of Goae formation in Book of Changes and imply that Hoche holds important significance in the interpretation of the Book.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.617-623
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• 2008

This paper presents a human motion recognition method using both centroid shift and local basis images. The centroid shift based on 1st moment balance technique is applied to get the robust motion images against position or size changes, the extraction of local basis images based on independent component analysis(ICA) is also applied to find a set of statistically independent motion features, which is included in each motions. Especially, ICA of fixed-point(FP) algorithm based on Newton method is used for being quick to extract a local basis images of motions. The proposed method has been applied to the problem for recognizing the 160(1 person * 10 animals * 16 motions) sign language motion images of 240*215 pixels. The 3 distances such as city-block, Euclidean, negative angle are used as measures when match the probe images to the nearest gallery images. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a superior recognition performances(speed, rate) than the method using local eigen images and the method using local basis images without centroid shift respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1101-1106
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• 2008

People who have hearing difficulties suffer from satisfactory mutual interaction with normal people because there are little chances of communicating each other. It is caused by rare communication of people who have hearing difficulties with normal people because majority of normal people can not understand sing language that is represented by gestures and is used by people who have hearing difficulties as a principal way of communication. In this paper, we propose a recognition method of finger language using FCM algorithm in order to be possible of communication of people who have hearing difficulties with normal people. In the proposed method, skin regions are extracted from images acquired by a camera using YCbCr and HSI color spaces and then locations of two hands are traced by applying 4-directional edge tracking algorithm on the extracted skin lesions. Final hand regions are extracted from the traced hand regions by noise removal using morphological information. The extracted final hand regions are classified and recognized by FCM algorithm. In the experiment using images of finger language acquired by a camera, we verified that the proposed method have the effect of extracting two hand regions and recognizing finger language.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.333-336
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• 1996

The sign language is a method of communication for deaf person. For sign communication, sign language and manual alphabet are used continuously. In this paper is proposed a system which recognize Korean sign language(KSL) and Korean manual alphabet(KMA) continuously. For recognizing KSL and KMA, basic elements for sign language, namely, the 14 hand directions, 23 hand postures, and 14 hand orientations are used. At first, this system recognize current motion state using speed and change of speed in motion by state automata. Using state, basic element classifiers using Fuzzy Min-Max Neural Network and Fuzzy Rule are executed. Meaning of signed gesture is selected by using basic elements which was recognized.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.34C no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 1997

Human-hand gestures have been used a means of communication among people for a long time, being interpreted as streams of tokens for a language. The signed language is a method of communication for hearing impaired person. Articulated gestures and postures of hands and fingers are commonly used for the signed language. This paper presents a system which recognizes the korean sign language (KSL) and translates the recognition results into a normal korean text and sound. A pair of data-gloves are used a sthe sensing device for detecting motions of hands and fingers. In this paper, we propose a dynamic gesture recognition mehtod by employing a fuzzy feature analysis method for efficient classification of hand motions, and applying a fuzzy min-max neural network to on-line pattern recognition.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.133-142
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• 2019

The existing auxiliary communicating aids for the hearing-impaired have an inconvenience of using additional expensive sensing devices. This paper presents a hand image detection based algorithm to interpret the sign language of the hearing-impaired. The proposed sign language recognition system exploits the hand image only captured by the camera without using any additional gloves with extra sensors. Based on the hand image processing, the system can perfectly classify several numeric sign language representations. This work proposes a simple lightweight classification algorithm to identify the hand image of the hearing-impaired to communicate with others even further in an environment of complex background. Experimental results show that the proposed system can interpret the numeric sign language quite well with an accuracy of 95.6% on average.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.1047-1048
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• 2023

청각장애인은 수화 언어, 즉 수어를 통해 의사소통한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 의료 상황에서 청각 장애인이 겪는 소통의 어려움을 해결하기 위해 의료 상황 중심의 수어 데이터셋을 구축한 뒤, R(2+1)D 딥러닝 모델을 이용해 수어 동작을 영상 단위로 인식하고 분류할 수 있도록 하였다. 그리고 이를 Django를 이용한 웹 사이트로 만들어 사용할 수 있게 하였다. 이 웹 페이지는 청각장애인 개인 뿐만 아니라 의료 사회 전반적으로 긍정적인 효과를 줄 것으로 기대한다.