• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1109-1116
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• 2014

The wheelchair mechanism for a car that is proposed in this study primarily consists of a transfer mechanism and storage mechanism. The wheelchair transfer mechanism consists of a manipulator installed in the roof of a car, and performs the function of transferring the wheelchair from the driver's seat to the trunk. The wheelchair storage mechanism consists of a lifting hoist installed in the trunk of car, and performs the function of storing the transferred wheelchair in the trunk and safely fastening it in place. This study analyzed and reviewed various manipulators, including a vertical type, Scara type, and telescopic type, with the goal of selecting the best type of manipulator for the wheelchair transfer mechanism. The telescopic type was selected and applied because of its good load support and storage capabilities. In addition, with regard to the wheelchair storage mechanism, a slide hoist type that used a slide rail and lift wire and a rotating link hoist type that used a rotating mechanism consisting of a worm gear and link were analyzed and reviewed. The slide hoist type was selected and applied because it had an advantage in relation to trunk space utilization. This study proposed a wheelchair transfer mechanism for a car to support a conventional wheelchair user's movements, and in order to conform to the structure of a domestic welfare car for the disabled.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2000

Recently, many landfills are constructed by using geosynthetics with earth materials. Geotextiles in geosynthetics are applied for the various purposes such as filters of the leachate collection and removal system and protectors of geomembrane liner. However geotextiles can be exposed to direct sunlight during the construction of landfill for several months. As you know the exposure of polymers to sunlight can be a major source of degradation of them. This study is to suggest a criteria on the installation of heavy weight geotextiles at the landfill. For this purpose, several different geotextiles were evaluated by outdoor exposure at two different locations and under the different seasons for one and half years. As the results of outdoor exposure, polypropylene geotextiles with 500g/$m^2$ and 700g/$\textrm{m}^2$were maintained around 40% of the initial strength during for one and half years. However, the polypropylene geotextile of 1000g/$\textrm{m}^2$showed 65% of the retained strength for the same duration of exposure. The retained strength of all polypropylene geotextile reduced dramatically with the cumulative sunshine radiation on a horizontal surface of around 1500MJ/$\textrm{m}^2$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.213-219
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 새로운 개념의 건조방법을 연구하여 곡물건조의 변화를 도모하고자 원적외선ㆍ열풍 복합열을 이용한 곡물건조기를 개발하게 되었다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 방사체길이가 1,680mm일 때 보다 1,470mm일 때가 방사체 표면온도가 높게 나타났고, 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. 열풍온도를 5$0^{\circ}C$로 설정했을 때 방사체의 표면온도분포는 280-29$0^{\circ}C$을 유지하였고, 6$0^{\circ}C$일 때는 30$0^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 유지되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 두 조건 모두에서 온도편차는 크게 나타나지 않았으므로 균일 건조가 이루어지는 것을 의미하며, 곡물의 품질저하에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다. 나. 열풍온도 5$0^{\circ}C$, 조사거리 125mm, 방사체 길이 1,470mm에서 방사체 길이방향으로 위치에 따라서 온도편차를 측정했을 때 버너를 기점으로 해서 근거리에서부터 원거리까지 균등 분할하여 5점의 온도를 측정하여 그 변화곡선을 분석한 결과 위치 3에서 온도가 높았고, 계속해서 위치 4, 5, 2, 1순으로 나타났다. 버너의 근거리에서보다 원거리에서 온도가 높게 나타난 것은 원적외선방사체를 통과하는 열풍이 빠져나가도록 되어있는 열풍유동관이 버너 원거리에 위치하고 있어 버너에 불꽃이 점화되면서 열풍이 방사체 끝쪽으로 유동되기 때문이다. 다. 건조실 수직면 길이방향의 온도는 열풍공기가 열풍실에서 유입되는 하단부이 온도가 높게 나타났고, 버너쪽과 송풍기쪽의 온도차는 나타나지 않아 온도분포의 좌우 대칭이 잘 되어 균일 건조가 되는 것으로 판단된다 이러한 현상은 건조실의 수평면에 대해서도 같은 현상이 나타났다. 라. 바닥면에서 상부로 올라갈수록 낮은 온도분포를 나타내고 있는 것은 상부에는 외부공기가 유입되면서 온도가 떨어지는 반면 하부에는 외부공기 유입이 적기 때문으로 사료된다. 또한 열풍실의 길이방향 위치별 온도 분포에서도 같은 현상으로 나타났고, 버너쪽과 송풍기쪽의 온도편차는 나타나지 않아 균일 건조를 기대할 수 있다. 마. 열풍온도를 45$^{\circ}C$로 설정하고 조사거리와 방사체 길이를 각각 119, 1,470mm로 하여 벼의 건조성능시험을 열풍건조기(대비구)와 비교시험 결과 시험구에서 건감률, 건조소요에너지가 각각 0.58%(w.b.), 470kcal/kg - water로 대비구보다 각각 건감율은 23% 높았고, 건조소요에너지는 2%의 절감되었다. 바. 건조기에서 발생되는 소음은 버너쪽 근처에서는 대비구 94.12㏈의 87%에 불과하였으나, 거리가 멀어질수록 차이는 크지 않았다. 이것은 버너에서 멀어질수록 외부적인 요인이 소음에 영향을 미쳤기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 사. 시작기와 대비구간의 경제성에서 시작기의 구입가격이 20% 비싸기 때문에 시간당 고정비가 높았으나, 건조성능이 우수하여 건조비용이 69,350원/톤으로 대비구보다 14% 절감되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.9-22
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• 2004

This paper aims to identify the role of local governments in building regional innovation system. The central government has recently decided to support the promotion of innovation capacities of local innovators and innovation networks among thor The central government forces local governments to establish the council for regional innovation in order to implement these goals. Meanwhile, there is no consensus about the way in which the council for regional innovations constitute and operate. I think it is the time for us to talk about this seriously. It is widely conceived that local governments in Korea have still been hierarchical. Thus, they would be difficult to make the decision effectively on regional innovation and development initiatives. In this context, I suggest that the regional innovation promoting agency needs to take authorities to secure transparency and autonomy in planning, implementing, evaluating regional innovation initiatives. The local government no! ed to play a central role in establishing the agency. However, the local government should not try to intervene and control its operations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2013

TRAINER for Kids ($T4K^{TM}$, Myofunctional. Research Co, Australia) is a prefabricated myofunctional orthodontic appliance recommended to ClassII division1 malocclusion patients who have bad oral habits such as mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, inappropriate tongue position, thumb sucking and so on. Trainer has a soft texture and a small volume so that those advantages lead to an increase in the agreement rate of young patients of its use. This presentation is to analyze clinical efficacy of Trainer. The analysis is based on a result of regular follow-up on Class II division1 malocclusion patients who has been completely treated by Trainer in the Sanbon Dental Hospital of Wonkwang university. This case report is to present the satisfactory results gained by using Trainer on Class II patients. First, Trainer was applied in Class II malocclusion patients of mixed dentition with expected space insufficient to gain facial improvement. Second, excessive overjet, overbite were improved. Third, main effects are regarded to have been achieved by development of lingual slant of upper jaw, labial slant of lower jaw, and lower part of jaw bone.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.1352-1357
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• 2002

This Paper describes algorithm to extract license plates in vehicle images. Conventional methods perform preprocessing on the entire vehicle image to produce the edge image and binarize it. Hough transform is applied to the binary image to find horizontal and vertical lines, and the license plate area is extracted using the characteristics of license plates. Problems with this approach are that real-time processing is not feasible due to long processing time and that the license plate area is not extracted when lighting is irregular such as at night or when the plate boundary does not show up in the image. This research uses the gray level transition characteristics of license plates to verify the digit area by examining the digit width and the level difference between the background area the digit area, and then extracts the plate area by testing the distance between the verified digits. This research solves the problem of failure in extracting the license plates due to degraded plate boundary as in the conventional methods and resolves the problem of the time requirement by processing the real time such that practical application is possible. This paper Presents a power automated license plate recognition system, which is able to read license numbers of cars, even under circumstances, which are far from ideal. In a real-life test, the percentage of rejected plates wan 13%, whereas 0.4% of the plates were misclassified. Suggestions for further improvements are given.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.70-88
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• 2020

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) form an essential part of the intestinal microbiota of the human body and possess the ability to stabilize the intestinal microbiota, strengthen immunity, and promote digestion as well as intestinal synthesis of vitamins, amino acids, and proteins. Hence, LAB are currently widely used in various products. However, due to the indiscriminate overuse of antibiotics in humans and livestock, bacterial resistance to antibiotics has been increasing rapidly, which has led to serious problems in the treatment of bacterial infections. Additionally, several reports have revealed that antibiotic-resistant LAB may infect people whose immune systems are not fully developed or whose immune systems are temporarily weakened. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the possibility of antibiotic-resistant LAB causing diseases in humans and animals, investigate the mechanism of action between antibiotics and LAB, and determine the relevant regulations for the safe use of LAB.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2013

Occlusal plane is a sagittal expression of dental arch form, and it composes the shape of occlusion, which is one of the most important elements of Maxillo-oral system. In this case, vertical, horizontal coordinates of bionic-median-sagittal plane was produced in articulator, and to achieve relation of left and right position of upper, lower teeth and deficits in alveola, Shilla system was used to reconstruct occlusal plane. In this case, a 41 year-old male patient visited for fracture of 10 unit metal-ceramic fixed partial denture of upper anterior teeth and for overall treatment. Clinical, radiographical, model examination was held, full mouth rehabilitation was achieved by placing dental implant. Maxillo-oral relation was recorded using Gothic arch Tracer complex and were mounted. And for the next step, we estimated original occlusal plane using Shilla system. After analysis we produced diagnosis wax pattern. On the basis of this, radiography stent was manufactured and dental implant was placed, and temporary prosthesis was made by using diagnosis wax pattern. Cross mounting and anterior guiding table were performed in order to reproduce temporary restoration morphology and bite pattern, followed by final restoration made of all ceramic crown with zirconia coping. As stated above, appropriately esthetic and functional results can be seen in using Shilla system in diagnosis and treatment procedure of full mouth rehabilitation patient.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.3
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• pp.338-345
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• 2001

This study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between the root structure and the crown structure of Norway spruce(Picea abies [L.] Karst), and thereafter to obtain the regression equation for the estimation of relative root and needle biomass using the tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH) without measurement of root and needle biomass. The study site was Barbis stands of Harz region located in central part of Germany. Five dominant and three co-dominant trees of 30 to 40 year-old Norway spruce were selected and tree height, diameter at breast height, clear bole length, weight of total needle and branch, cross section and sapwood area at breast height for biomass of above ground part and also the length of root, the number of root, the weight of root, the cross section area of root etc. by dividing the horizontal and vertical roots for below ground part of tree were measured. The significantly correlation was shown between the biomass of most of variables of above ground parts and those of below ground parts. For the diameter of breast height to the weight of total root, regression equation was Y = 3.56X - 45.94 and decision coefficient was 0.96 showing highly correlation. The weight of total branches and needles, and the tree height etc. of above ground parts showed highly positive relationship with below ground biomass. The results obtained from this study can be used to the estimating of biomass of below ground using variables of above ground such as DBH in the 30 to 40 year-old Norway spruce stands.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 1996

The damping characteristics of a cylindrical structure containing oil and bearing balls is investigated for external bending forces. The experimental data obtained through the use of bearing balls with viscous oil in a column is given and analyzed. The viscous action of the oil and inertia effects of the balls on the inside of column create a drag force. The drag force dampens the vibration of the column. This study aims to search for an optimum combination of oil and balls which would produce maximum damping. Machining oils of various viscosities along with ball bearings of various sizes place inside cantilevered aluminium tubes of various diameters to create a rig on which the damping properties of the oil and balls can be studied. The contileved tubes are studied in both horizontal and vertical positions in order to gauge the effect of gravity on the system. The actions of the ball in the column and damping characteristics are investigated according to the dimensionless terms. The Buckingham theorem is used to reduce the variables and to predict the damping of an oil ball column. Though the damping ratio remains fairly constant in the horizontal position of column, the damping ratio begins to increase as the ratio of the number of balls and column length rise above 0.28 in the vertical position of oil ball column. The ratio of the ball diameter to column diameter influences the damping ratio with an optimum diameter ratio. Slenderness ratio and gravity effects on the damping ratio ane investigated.