• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2012

Exchangeable cations are often overestimated especially in salt-affected soils due to the presence of high levels of soluble ions in soil solution. Thus, quantitative analysis of the soil exchangeable cation based on ammonium acetate extraction method {(Exch. Cation)$_{total}$} requires additional process to remove the free ions (pre-washing) in soil with distilled water or alcohol {(Exch. Cation)$_{pw}$} or subtraction of the soluble ion contents from the total exchangeable cations {(Exch. Cation)$_{ref}$}. In this research, we compared the three different methods for the determination of exchangeable cations in soils affected by different types of salt accumulation such as the soils from upland, plastic film house, and reclaimed tidal land. In upland soils, non-saline and non-sodic soils, the regular ammonium acetate extraction method did not have any problem to determine the content of exchangeable cations without any additional process such as the pre-washing method or the subtraction method. However, the contents of exchangeable cations in the salt-affected soils might be determined better with the pre-washing method for the plastic film house soils and with the subtraction method for the reclaimed tidal land soils containing high Na.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.134-137
• /
• 2005

공기중 미세먼지에서 인체의 호흡경로에 따른 수용성 무기이온성분의 침착특성을 파악하기 위하여 익산지역에서 2004년 10월 17일부터 11월 2일까지 앤더슨샘플러를 사용하여 하루주기로 공기중 미세먼지를 입도별로 분급포집한 후 수용성 무기이온성분을 정량화하여 분석하였다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.397-406
• /
• 2010

The most ideal method to measure the water-soluble $Cl^-$ ion eluted from iron artifacts is conducting the analysis on desalting solution by Ion Chromatography. But most institutes related to cultural heritages use Cl meter by reason of lack of budget and experts. This study evaluated reliability and stability between Cl meter and Ion Chromatography by doing cross-validation with results from two methods to detect $Cl^-$ ion of desalting solution. From D.I water, extremely small quantities of $Cl^-$ ion was detected by the influence of remaining water-soluble $Cl^-$ ion at the electrode of Cl meter and water-soluble $Cl^-$ which remains in Sodium sesquicarbonate, components of reagent was detected as well. The first desalting solution had the most $Cl^-$ ions, $Cl^-$ ion slightly decreased from the second to the fourth desalting solution and tend to decrease again at the stage of dealkalified in D.I water. Each Cl meter has the standard deviation according to the measured numbers and the higher concentration of $Cl^-$ ion the desalting solution has, the wider the deviation is. But when the concentration of $Cl^-$ ion is low, it was stable to use Cl meter to detect the concentration of $Cl^-$ ion from iron artifacts because there is the small deviation, It is thought that conductivity meter method is not suitable for measuring $Cl^-$ ion, because the electrical conductivity of alkaline solution is too high to measure $Cl^-$ ion.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.1020-1026
• /
• 2011

Seasonal characteristics of water soluble ions in atmospheric particles in Cheonan were studied between 2008 and 2009. $Na^+$, $NH_4^+$ and $NO_3^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$ were the principle cations and anions in both coarse and fine particles. Water soluble ions occupied 24.4%(spring), 33.2%(summer), 40.7%(fall), and 39.6%(winter) of the total mass of coarse particles. In fine particles, 43.0%(spring), 59.7%(summer), 55.4%(fall), and 53.2%(winter) of mass were occupied by water soluble ions. From the factor analysis, 2 and 4 factors were extracted for water soluble ions in coarse and fine particles, respectively. 70.33% of water ions in the coarse particles were estimated from the natural source, but 66.01% in the fine particles were from the anthropogenic source.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.45-57
• /
• 2014

Academic interests in ionic liquid (IL) technologies have been extended to the nuclear industry and the applicability of ionic liquids for processing radioactive materials have been investigated by many researchers. A number of studies have reported interesting results with respect to the spectroscopic and electrochemical behaviors of metal elements included in spent nuclear fuels. The measured and observed properties of metal ions in TBP(tri-butyl phosphate) dissolved ILs have led the development of alternative technologies to traditional aqueous processes. On the other hand, the electrochemical deposition of metal ions in ILs have been investigated for the application of the solvents to aqueous as well as to non-aqueous processes. In this work, a review on the application of ILs in nuclear fuel cycle is presented for the purpose of categorizing and summarizing the notable researches on ILs.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.79-89
• /
• 2017

Changes in pH, EC and water soluble cation and anion of the bed material in the rearing box of earthworms were investigated while sewage sludges or night soil sludge were cumulatively supplied to the 15 grams of initial earthworm population in the rearing box. Initial biochemical properties of sludges such as pH, EC, V.S. and water content were at the edible levels for earthworm. However, as the cumulative amount of sludges supplied to the earthworms were increased, pH of bed material in the rearing box was lowered and EC was increased, which meant that salt contents of bed material in the rearing box had been accumulated. Water soluble cations and anions were also accumulated in the bed material of the rearing box. Accumulation rates of ${NO_3}^-$ were especially prominent. Consequently, feeding rates of earthworm populations were reduced to nearly zero and earthworm populations finally died.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.33-36
• /
• 2001

고흡수성 고분자는 이온성기를 가진 수용성 고분자에 부분적인 가교결합을 도입하여 일반적으로 카르복실기 이온 (-COO-)등과 같은 친수성기를 다량으로 지닌 3차원 망상구조를 지니는 수용성 고분자이다[1]. 여지껏 물을 흡수하는 목적으로 사용된 흡수소재는 면, pulp, sponge 등이 일반적으로 알려져 있다. 이들은 모세관 현상에 의해 물을 흡수하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이들 흡수 재료의 흡수능력은 자기 무게의 수백 배로부터 천 배까지의 물도 흡수하며 외압하에서도 잘 탈수되지 않는 고기능성 고분자이며 그 원리는 다음과 같다. (중략)

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.27 no.6 s.122
• /
• pp.355-361
• /
• 2004

In order to elucidate the ecophysiological characteristics of coastal plants, we collected them on salt marsh and sand dune, and analyzed inorganic ($Na^+,\;K^+,\;Mg^{2+},\;Ca^{2+}$) and organic solutes (soluble carbohydrate, glycine betaine). Chenopodiaceous plant species (Atriplex gmelini, Salicornia europaea, Salsola collina, Suaeda glauca, Suaeda japonica) showed a tendency to accumulate inorganic ions such as $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ instead of $K^+$. However, Chenopodium serotinum which lives in ruderal habitat contained more $K^+$ and less $Na^+$ than the other Chenopodiaceous plants. Most Chenopodiaceous plant species maintained very low level of soluble $Ca^{2+}$ and relatively low concentration of carbohydrates and showed high concentration of glycine betaine which is among the most effective known compatible solutes in the leaves of plant under drought and saline conditions. On the other hand, plant species which belong to Gramineae (Ishaemum anthephoroides, Phragmites communis, Zoysia sinica) and Cyperaceae (Carex kobomugi, Carex pumila) absorbed $K^+$ selectively and excluded $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ effectively regardless of habitat conditions, and they accumulated more soluble carbohydrate as osmoticum than Chenopodiaceous plants. These results suggested that physiological characteristics such as high storage capacity for inorganic ions (especially alkali cations, chloride) and the accumulation of glycine betaine in chenopodiaceous plants and $K^+$-preponderance, an efficient regulation of ionic uptake (exclusion of $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$) and the accumulation of soluble carbohydrate in monocotyledonous plants enable them to grow dry and saline habitats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.245-245
• /
• 2004

현재 한국원자력 연구소에서 개발되고 있는 사용후 핵연료의 차세대관리기술은 산화물 핵연료를 전해환원시켜 금속으로 관리하는 기술이다. 이 공정에서 발생된 LiCl 폐용융염은 Cs, Sr과 같은 핵분열 생성물을 함유하고 있으며, 그 자체로서 수용성이고 방사선에 분해가 잘 되므로 처분 수용기준에 맞게 안정화시켜 처리해야 한다. 현재 이를 처리하기 위한 방법으로 고온에서도 핵분열 생성물의 이온교환 및 흡착이 가능한 제올라이트 A를 이용한 이온교환 및 단순혼합 방식이 주로 적용되고 있다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 1997

Water-soluble phosphate glasses containing Ag and Cu ion were prepared through melting process. Dis-solution characteristics, bactericidal effect and cytotoxicity were investigated with composition and time in D. I. water using the powdered sample. Surface change were observed with increasing dissolution time us-ing the bulk specimen. Dissolution amount was maximum at the molar Ag:Cu ratio of 1 and increased with increasing time. The behavior of dissolution was total dissolution from the early stage. But no new layer was observed at the glass surface during dissolution. The bactericidal effect for pseudomonas sp, e. coli, sta-phylococcus aureus, and salmonella increased with increasing dissolution amount and therefore great bac-tericidal effect appeared. The result of cytotoxicity experiment to L929 showed that solution with more than 10 ppm of Ag ion had strong cytotoxicity.