• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2023.05a
• /
• pp.486-486
• /
• 2023

하수처리장 내 생물반응조에서는 유기물을 제거하거나 질산화(Nitrification) 반응을 일으키기 위하여 산소를 요구하고 있으며, 필요한 산소는 송풍기 운영을 통해 공급하고 있는 상황이다. 질산화 반응을 일으키기 위해서 처리장 내 일정 이상의 산소가 수중에 공급되어야 한다. 생물반응조내 용존산소가 부족할 경우 활성슬러지의 침전성이 저해되어 오염물질 저감 효율이 떨어지게 되며, 과도한 산소가 공급되어도 수처리의 효율은 개선되지 않으며 반응에 사용되지 않은 산소들은 대기중으로 방출된다. 또한 유입수질에 따라 실시간으로 반응조 내 필요한 산소는 달라지게 되므로 유입수질에 맞는 효율적인 하수처리장 운영이 요구되고 있다. 하수처리장 내 적절한 산소를 공급하기 위하여 많은 연구들이 활발하게 진행되어 왔으나 실제생물학적 처리시 요구되는 산소의 양을 산정할 수 있는 한계점을 지니고 있으며, 하수 성분, 용량과 같은 환경에 따라 차이를 보이고 있어 범용적으로 사용하기에는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 적용 한계점을 극복하기 위하여 하수도 설계 시 사용되어지고 있는 하수도 시설기준의 산소요구량 및 공기공급량 산정식을 통하여 유입수질에 따라 실제 하수처리장에 필요한 산소요구량 & 공기공급량을 산정하는 시스템을 개발하고자 하였다. 하수도 설계기준의 여러 가지 수식을 실제 하수처리장 내 필요한 요소로 변환시켜 범용적으로 사용가능한 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 하수처리장 송풍량 산정 시스템 적용에 따른 송풍량 절감 효율을 비교분석하기 위하여 2021년 A하수처리장의 4월 월간 데이터를 활용하여 하수처리장에서 필요한 송풍량을 산정하여 실제 사용된 송풍량과 비교 분석하여 송풍량 절감 효율을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 실제 하수처리장 내 송풍량 산정 시스템을 도입하게 된다면 운전자 경험에 의존하고 있는 수동적인 제어 방식에서 벗어나 자율 제어를 통한 효율적인 하수처리장을 운영할 수 있어 송풍량 절감 및 탄소중립에도 이바지 할 수 있을 것이라고 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.104 no.4
• /
• pp.607-614
• /
• 2015

This study aims to analyze the current status of timber production operation and the effects of the forestry mechanization projects on timber production. In order to increase the domestic timber production, it is necessary to propel forestry mechanization project, improve policy and institution, broaden forest-road network, enlarge the number of forest workers, enhance timber production and supply system, provide forestry machines, establish forest operation system, and train forest workers. In addition, the reestablishment of policy goals, the consistency of policy, and the rearrangement of laws and institution are considered more important. To improve the results and effects of forestry mechanization project, it is necessary to drive of forestry mechanization project, the spread of forestry machines, the cultivation of trainer ability, the development of training materials, and the teaching of field skill. In order to meet timber buyersí preference, timber needs to be produced through whole tree logging operation system. Expanding the proportion of domestic timber among total timber demand in Korea requires price competitiveness, and the supply ability of high quality product from the perspective of length and width.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.45 no.11
• /
• pp.1131-1141
• /
• 2012

In this study, factors that influence water supply capacities of dams are extracted using factor analysis, and multiple regression equations for estimating water supply capacities of dams are developed using the analysis results. Twenty-one multi-purpose dams and twelve Municipal and Industrial (M&I) water supply dams are selected for case studies, and eight variables influencing water supply capacities of dams, namely: watershed area, inflow, effective reservoir storage, grade on amount of M&I water supply, grade on amount of agricultural water supply, grade on amount of in-stream flow supply, grade on river administration, and grade on average rainfall, are determined. Two case studies for multi-purpose dams and M&I water supply dams are performed, employing factor analysis, respectively. For the two cases, preliminary tests, such as reviewing matrix of correlation coefficient, Bartlett's test of sphericity, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test, are conducted to evaluate the suitability of the variables for factor analysis. In case of multi-purpose dams, variables are grouped into three factors; M&I water supply dams, two factors. The factors are rotated using Varimax method, and then factor loading of each variable is computed. The results show that the variables influencing water supply capacities of dams are reasonably selected and appropriately grouped into factors. In addition, multiple regression equations for predicting the amounts of annual water supply of dams are established using the factor scores as explanatory variables, it is identified that the models' accuracies are high, and their applications to determining effective storage capacity of a dam during dam planning and design steps are presented. Consequently, it is thought that the variables and factors are useful for dam planning and dam design.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.577-582
• /
• 2016

This Study focused on the development of SMPS (Switching Mode Power Supply) to supply the constant votage and current nevertheless LED fluorescent Light generated the electric noise (with Harmonics) and Inrush current at instant time of turn-on and off. Recently, according to the Green policy in government, the LED fluorescent Lighter showed the rapidly increasing tend as indoor and outdoor Lighter. But, because of costs, LED fluorescent Light not considered and neglected the following items; power factor, efficiency, Harmonics and Inrush current. So, we are developed the SMPS about 3 key issues as follows: 1st, power factor and efficiency is 85%. 2nd, the switching noisy by harmonic is minimized. 3rd, the Inrush current at turn on and off time is reduced the minimum 0.3 A after $100{\mu}sec$ on turnon time. The proposed SMPS adjusted by LNK 409 driver (included the high frequency modulation function). Although, the developed SMPS maintained the about 85% of power factor and efficiency. but, the SMPS must be generated low heat by the variation of minute load current at switching timing. To improve the above weak point, the developed SMPS have the feedback monitoring circuit between input side and output side to maintain the power factor and efficiency. Also, we are studied the time-constant of control circuit to output the constant voltage and current nevertheless the load disturbance of LED lighting. The LED fluorescent Light of 46W is checked the above items.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.93-103
• /
• 2021

S&OP(Sales and Operations Planning) is an ongoing process of periodic planning, reviewing, and evaluation through the involvement of all key stakeholders. Within this process, performance is regularly reviewed and early warning signals are generated, so that the company can react quickly to changing market and operational environment. This paper presents a framework for effective S&OP for fair alignment, accountability, teamwork, visibility, and risk management. This framework focuses on supply chain information governance, level of information sharing through S&OP, role of S&OP as coordination mechanism, APS effectivesness as a planning tool and SCM performance. In addition, a brief case study on the operating characteristics of S&OP at three Korean firms is presented. Implications of the study finding are also provided. It will also make companies that are considering the introduction of S&OP aware of the importance of S&OP, which will provide practical guidelines for the introduction of S&OP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 1998.04a
• /
• pp.31-31
• /
• 1998

위성체의 보조추진시스템은 임구궤도까지의 궤도진입 및 임무궤도상에서의 속도 또는 자세제어에 필요한 임펄스를 제공한다. 단일하이드라진 추력기는 하이드라진(H$_2$H$_4$)과 자발적 촉매(Shell 405)의 발열 및 흡열 열분해 반응에 의해 발생하는 질소($N_2$), 수소(H$_2$), 암모니아(NH$_3$), 혼합가스를 노즐을 통해 방출하므로써 요구되는 impulse를 얻는다. 단일하이드라진 추력기 설계는 주입기, 촉매대, 노즐과 기타 설계 형태에 따른 다지관, 링, 스크린, 지지판 등의 부수적인 부품으로 구성된다. 추력기 제작 과정은 크게 piece-parts 기계가공, HEA(Head End Assembly)와 TCA(Thrust Chamber Assembly)로 구성되고 각 세부공정마다 전수시험 및 검사를 가진다. 연소시험설비는 최소 모사진 공 수준이 고도 100,000 ft(8.4 torr)를 만족시킬 수 있는 진공설비, 시험제어부, 성능변수 측정 및 처리부, 추진제 가압 공급부, 기타 환경 안전 및 부대 설비로 구성된다. 추력기 연소성능시험 절차는 추진제 충전 및 오염 여부 표본 검사, 가압 및 공급 라인 이상여부 확인, 추력기 장착, 추진제 가압 및 공급, 시험장치 보정, 진공 모사 및 연소성능시험, data 처리 등으로 구성된다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.316-329
• /
• 2008

Recently the increased attention pays on the processing of multiple, relatively low quantity, high value-added products resulted in adoption of batch process in the chemical process industry such as pharmaceuticals, polymers, bio-chemicals and foods. As there are more possibilities of the improvement of operations in batch process than continuous processes, a lot of effort has been made to enhance the productivity and operability of batch processes. But the chemical process industry faces a range of uncertainties factors such as demands for products, prices of product, lead time for the supply of raw materials and in the production, and the distribution of product. And global competition has made it imperative for the process industries to manage their supply chains optimally. Supply chain management aims to integrate plants with their supplier and customers so that they can be managed as a single entity and coordinate all input/output flows (of materials, information) so that products are produced and distributed in the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time.The objective of this study is to solve the purchase, distribution, production planning and scheduling problem, which minimizes the total costs of production, inventory, and transportation under uncertainty. And development of SCM model in chemical industry including batch mode operations. Through that, the enterprise can respond to uncertainty. Also integrated process optimal planning and scheduling model for manufacturing supply chain. The result shows that, the advantage of supply chain integration are quality matters seen by customers and suppliers, order schedules, flexibility, cost reduction, and increase in sales and profits. Also, an integration of supply chain (production and distribution system) generates significant savings by trading off the costs associated with the whole, rather than minimizing supply chain costs separately.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.252-252
• /
• 2017

지금까지 이수유량의 산정은 공급의 안정성을 보장하고자 보수적인 관리체계를 유지해왔다. 시공간적 하천유량의 변동에도 최대 용수수요를 만족할 수 있게끔 기준갈수량을 기준으로 이수유량을 산정하였다. 이는 공급의 안정성은 보장되나 연중 동일 기준을 적용하여 홍수기와 같이 물량이 많은 경우에 있어서 추가적인 유량사용이 불가능하였다. 이에 따라 기존 방법의 단점을 보완하고 시 공간적인 하천유량의 변화를 고려하여 가용수량을 확보하며 물사용 효율성을 증대시킬 수 있는 방안 모색이 필요하다. 이에 선행 연구인 시 공간적 유량변화를 반영한 탄력적인 하천수 사용허가 기준유량 설정방법에서는 홍수기/이수기, 관개기/비관개기를 고려하여 4개의 기간 구분하였다. 본 연구에서는 이수기/홍수기 구분을 제외하고 시기별 변화가 큰 농업용수 사용 시기를 기준으로 관개기/비관개기만을 고려하여 이수 유량의 산정방안을 검토하였으며, 이를 통해 각 기간별로 안정적인 공급이 가능한 기준유량 산정방법을 제시하여 기존의 방법을 개선하고자 한다. 위방법론을 적용한 결과, 기간별 탄력적인 기준유량의 산정으로 수량확보시설을 설치하지 않고 관리기준을 변경하는 것만으로 금호강 유역에서는 약 56.6백만$m^3$/년, 내성천 유역에서는 약 43.4백만$m^3$/년의 유량을 확보 가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 추가적인 인프라를 구축하지 않고 관리기준을 변경하는 것만으로 가용유량의 추가 확보가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 탄력적 이수유량 산정 방법을 통해 확보된 수량은 신규 수원 확보 사업의 추진 및 이를 위한 예산 확보 등의 정책적인 어려움을 개선할 수 있는 방안으로 될 수 있으며, 또한 용수공급 안정도를 유지하면서 하천수의 효율적인 활용에도 기여할 수 있다.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.237-242
• /
• 2018

Researchers have suggested successful risk management as a key factor in successful IT outsourcing projects implementation. The documented investigations, however, have mainly addressed risk management only from a single perspective of either clients or IT vendors. This study explored the potential perception inconsistency regarding the risks between the client and the vendor for IT outsourcing projects by using a quasi-Delphi approach. The analysis results indicated some inconsistencies in the risks perceived by the two parties: (1) the clients regarded (a) lack of vendor commitment to the project and (b) poor vendor selection criteria and process as top critical risks but the vendors didn't; and (2) on the other hand, the vendors perceived (a) unclear requirements and (b) lack of experience and expertise with project activities as significant risks but the clients didn't. Insights into how the client and the vendor perceive risks may help both parties determine how to partner and manage project risks collaboratively to succeed in outsourcing.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 2017

Water supply safety index plays an important role on assessing the water supply capacity of hydrologic system. Due to the absence of consistent guidance, however, practical problems have been brought up on data period used for dam design and performance evaluation. Therefore, this study employed bivariate drought frequency analysis which is able to consider drought severity and duration simultaneously, in order to evaluate water supply capacity of multi-purpose dams. Drought characteristics were analyzed based on the probabilistic approach, and water supply capacity of five multi-purpose dams in Korea (Soyang River, Chungju, Andong, Daecheong, Seomjin River) were evaluated under the specific drought conditions. As a result, it would be possible to have stable water supply with their own inflow during summer and fall, whereas water shortage would occur even under the 1-year return period drought event during spring and winter due to low rainfall.