• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.924-928
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• 2009

국내의 다목적댐 저수지는 물이 흐르는 하천에 용수공급, 홍수조절 및 수력발전을 위해 만든 구조물로 형성된 저류상태를 의미한다. 이러한 수체의 유동에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요소로는 유입수와 저수지에서 하천으로 방류되는 방류수이므로 본 연구에서는 유입수와 방류수에 의한 수체의 유동만을 고려하였다. 대상지는 용담댐 유역중 취수탑이 있는 지점으로 길이는 약 1,250m이고 폭은 평균 375m 정도의 크기를 갖고 있는 지형이다. 대상 지역에서 저수지 수체의 흐름특성을 평가하기 위해 SMS-RMA2 모형을 적용하였으며 용담댐 저수지 구역에 대한 1m 간격의 등고선을 가지고 대상지역에 대하여 격자를 구성하였다. 격자 크기는 평균 길이 방향으로 43m, 폭 방향으로 15m 크기로 구성하였으며 유속이 상대적으로 빠른 취수탑 부근은 좀더 세밀하게 구성하였다. 4년간 수문자료를 분석하여 이 지역의 흐름을 년중 크게 3가지로 구분하였다. 수체거동이 급변하는 여름 강우기 후에 저수지에 물이 풍부한 경우의 흐름, 봄철 저수지 물이 풍부하지 않은 상태에서 주자천으로 부터의 유입은 최하인 상태의 경우 그리고 강우기에 짧은 기간 나타나는 주자천 위주 흐름의 경우로 구분하여 모의하였다. 각각의 경우 전체적인 흐름장은 확연히 다르게 나타났으며 이런 결과로 볼 때 수체의 흐름은 상하류의 유입량 변화에 따라 항상 흐름은 변화하는 것으로 평가되었으나, 저수지 수체의 흐름 속도는 모두 0.05$^{\sim}$1.5cm/sec 정도로 모의된 것은 수체적 대비 방류량이 적어서 나타나는 현상으로 평가되었다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.535-542
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• 1994

Remote sensing technique is based on the estimation of land surface characteristics from the measurement of the emitted radiation from the earth. The hydrologically related parameters studied using this approach include surface temperature, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, precipitation and snow. This study introduces a method for estimating moisture content of a bare soil from the observed and simulated brightness temperature. In a bare soil, microwave emission depends on moisture content, soil temperature, and surface roughness. The method is based on a radiative transfer model with some modifications of Fresnel reflection coefficient to take into account the effect of surface roughness. One smooth bare field and two fields with different surface roughness are prepared for the study. The results indicate that the effect of surface roughness is to increase the soil's brightness temperature and to reduce the slope of regression between brightness temperature and moisture contents.

• Water for future
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.237-247
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• 1996

In this study two rainfall-runoff models, the NWS-PC model and the Storage Function Model (SFM), were compared to see their applicability in the flood forecasting at the river system. The SFM has been adopted in the flood-forecasting and warning system for the major rivers in Korea since 1974, and the NWS-PC model, a physically based model, has been developed to simulate soil moisture changing as well as the surface and subsurface flow at the watershed and in the river streams. Case studies were carried out using flood event data observed at the Mihochun watershed in Geum-river basin during 1985 to 1995. Simulated results from both models were compared with the observed data with respect to the RMS errors and relative errors for peak flow discharges and total runoff volumes to show the advantages and disadvantages of both models and to suggest the way to improve their performances.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2015

In rainfall-runoff models employed in hydrological applications, runoff amount is estimated through temporal delay of effective precipitation based on a linear system. Its amount is resulted from the linearized ratio by analyzing the convolution multiplier. Furthermore, in case of kernel density estimate (KDE) used in probabilistic analysis, the definition of the kernel comes from the convolution multiplier. Individual data values are smoothed through the kernel to derive KDE. In the current study, the roles of the convolution multiplier for KDE and rainfall-runoff models were revisited and their similarity and dissimilarity were investigated to discover the mathematical applicability of the convolution multiplier.

• Water for future
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.251-263
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• 1990

For surcharge flow in a sewer, the slot technique simulates surcharge flow as open - channel flow using a hypothetical narrow open piezometric slot at the sewer crown. The flow in a sewer is described mathematically using the unsteady open - channel Saint-Venant equations. In this study, the computer simulation model(USS-slot) using slot techniques is develeped to simulate the inlet hydrographs to manholes and the flow under pressure as well as free - surface flow in tree - type sewer networks of circular conduits. The inlet hydrographs are simulated by using the rational method or the ILSD progrm. The Saint-Venant equations for unsteady open - channel flow in seweres are solved by using a four - point implicit difference scheme. The flow equations of the sewers and the junction flow equations are solved simulaneously using a sparse matrix solution technique.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.910-915
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• 2009

The ecohydrologic characteristics according to planting in riparian zone for the riparian restoration are analyzed in this research. The ecohydrologic components due to land use change in riparian zone from existing land cover to planted area such as pasture and wildrye are simulated in the test basin with the integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model. After analysis of change of the hydrologic properties such as surface flow, lateral flow, transpiration and soil water in riparian zone, it is revealed that soil water is one of the key factors and planting of wildrye can increase soil water in riparian zone. The simulation performance of the SWAT-MODFLOW model is validated in this study and it is expected that this model can be used to evaluate various riparian restoration scenarios.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1167-1172
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• 2004

Recently, runoff characteristics of urban area are changing because of the increase of impervious area by rapid increasing of population and industrialization, urbanization. It needs to extract the accurate topological and hydrological parameters of watersheds in order to manage water resource efficiently. In this paper, rainfall-runoff analysis in An-Yang stream basin was made using GIS(Geographic Information System) and XP-SWMM(Export Stormwater and Wastewater Management Model). The basin was divided into 13 sub-basins using GIS. The area, slope, width of each subcatchment and length, slop of each stream reach were acquired from topographic maps, and imperviousness rate, land use types, infiltration capacities of each subcatchment from land use maps and soil maps using GIS. We gave th runoff management method of urbanization area us ing XP-SWMM.

• Water for future
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.235-247
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• 1996

Meteorological and soil water content data measured from semiarid watersheds of Lucky Hills and Kendall during the summer rainy and winter periods were used to study the interrelationships between the controlling variables of the evapotranspiration, and to evaluate the effects of variables on daily actual evapotranspiration (ET) estimation. Simple and multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses were employed to evaluate the order of importance of the meteorological and soil water factors involved. The information gained was used for MLR model development. Theavailable energy and vapor pressure deficit were found to be the important variables to estimate actual ET (AET) for both periods and at both watersheds. Therefore, the important variables of evapotranspiration process in these semiarid watersheds appear to be simply the components of energy term in available energy and aerodynamic term in vapor pressure deficit of Penman potential evapotranspiration (PET) equation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.177-186
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of the stream flow of small rural streams for investigating the status of stream depletion located downstream of irrigation reservoir. Bonghyun and Hai reservoirs and each downstream were selected for this study. Streamflow was measured for 8 stations downstream from two reservoirs from 2010 to 2012. The water quality samples were collected monthly from the 8 stream stations and 2 reservoir stations from 2011 to 2012. The stream depletion was found in most of the downstream of reservoirs for the non-irrigation period and even in the irrigation period when there were a lot of antecedent precipitation. We found that the stream segments where there were few streamflow, vegetation covers the stream and block the streamflow which makes the stream lost its original function as a stream. Water quality monitoring results of Bonghyun stream indicated that the concentration of SS, Turbidity, TOC, COD were decreased as the stream flows from the reservoir to downstream while the TN and TP were increased. The correlation analysis for water quality data indicated that the correlation between T-N and T-P was high for Bonghyeon and Sukji streams, respectively. Continuous monitoring for rural streams located in downstream of reservoirs are required to quantify the status of stream flow depletion and determine the amount of environmental flows.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.124-124
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• 2012

기후변화가 수자원에 미치는 영향을 예측하는 데에 널리 사용되는 GCMs (General Circulation Models)는 모의 결과의 시 공간적 해상도가 낮기 때문에 상세화 (Downscaling) 기법을 거쳐 수문 모형에 적용된다. 상세화 기법은 크게 역학적 상세화 (Dynamical downscaling)와 통계적 상세화 (Statistical downscaling)로 구분되며, 종류가 매우 다양하고 각각의 모의 능력에 차이가 있으므로 적절한 기법을 선택할 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 통계적 상세화 기법 중 인공신경망과 LARS-WG 모형을 활용하여 CGCM3.1 T63의 모의 결과를 상세화하고, 두 모형의 모의 결과를 비교하는 데에 있다. 인공신경망은 비선형함수에 의한 전이함수 모형인 반면 LARS-WG는 추계학적 기상 발생기 모형으로, 각 모형을 이용해 CGCM3.1 T63의 강수량 및 평균기온 모의 결과를 서울 지역에 대해 공간적으로 상세화하였다. 모형의 검 보정은 1971년부터 2000년까지 30년 동안의 서울 관측소 일 기상 자료와 CGCM3.1 T63 (20C3M 시나리오) 모의 결과를 이용하여 수행하였다. 각 기법의 비교 및 평가는 2001년부터 2011년까지 11년 동안의 일 기상 자료와 CGCM3.1 T63 (IPCC SRES A1B 시나리오) 모의 결과를 이용하였다. 분석 결과, 인공신경망 모형은 입력 자료의 형태에 따라 모의 결과가 크게 달라지는 특성을 보였으며, LARS-WG 모형은 강수량을 실제보다 과소 추정하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 강수량과 평균기온만을 대상으로 하였으나, 추후에 다른 기상인자를 고려함으로써 모형의 적용성을 보다 종합적으로 판단할 수 있을 것이다.