• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the microbiological hazard on nursery school children's hands and to investigate the reduction effect of hand washing education. A total of 59 nursery school children's hands were tested. The average number of total aerobic bacteria was $3.72{\pm}0.38log\;CFU/hand$. Five children's hands(2 male and 3 female) were positive(14.3%) for the coliform bacteria. These results showed that hand washing education are required repetitively. Among the pathogenic bacteria tested in this study, $Staphylococcus$ aureus and $Bacillus$ $cereus$ were detected in 9(25.7%) and 16(45.7%) out of 35 their hands, respectively. Twelve out of sixteen $B.$ $cereus$ isolates(70.0%) produced enterotoxin. The results indicate that the hand hygiene of nursery school children needs to be improved. Comparing before and after hand washing in educated and non-educated group, the reduction effect of total aerobic bacteria on their hands was 0.42 and 0.60 log CFU/hand, respectively. The educated group showed 0.18 log CFU/hand higher reduction effect than non-educated group but microorganism did not eliminate perfectly. From the results, using a hand sanitizer after washing with soap and the continuous hand washing education are required to control the contaminated bacteria on nursery school children's hands.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate awareness of hand washing, hand washing behavior, and the levels of indicator microorganisms on hands of food handlers who work in the food court and cafeteria of a university campus. The three methods used were questionnaire survey by interview, direct observation in restrooms, and microbiological examination according to the Food Code of Korea. A positive attitude toward hand washing compliance was reported by the responded food handlers; however, improper hand washing and poor hand hygiene of the food handlers were recognized by the unnoticed direct observation. Significant differences were found between the questionnaire survey and the direct observation (p < 0.05) in hand washing compliance after using the toilet, duration of hand washing, use of hand washing agent, washing different parts of the hands, hand-drying method, temperature of water, and method of turning off the water. Samples taken from their hands before work showed higher level of standard plate count, total and fecal coliforms, and Escherichia coli than those taken after washing with water. After washing hands with antiseptic liquid soap, the bacterial populations including Staphylococcus aureus on hands were dramatically reduced. This study indicates that there is a remarkable difference between the food handlers' awareness of hand washing and their hand washing behavior. Poor hand washing compliance and hand hygiene were indicated by the positive results of total and fecal coliforms, E. coli, and S. aureus on hands of some food handlers. The findings of this study suggest that the hand hygiene of the food handlers need to be improved. More training/education on hand washing and hand hygiene of the food handlers should be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.11
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• pp.1757-1765
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to explore hygiene issues by analyzing the importance and performance of personal and school hygiene in school foodservices. Questionnaires were administered to 634 students (10 high schools) in the Busan area. Exactly 29% of respondents had received hygiene education. The average score of importance of students' personal foodservice hygiene was 3.81/5.00, and the performance score was 3.48/5.00. The same scores for school foodservice hygiene were 4.37/5.00 and 3.67/5.00, respectively. Regarding importance and performance of personal foodservice hygiene, students who had received hygiene education showed significantly (P<0.01) higher scores than those without prior education. In terms of importance of school foodservice hygiene, students who had received hygiene education showed significantly higher scores for environment hygiene (P<0.05) and equipment hygiene (P<0.05). Additionally, among grid analysis in personal foodservice hygiene, the areas of high importance and low performance included 'washing hands before the meal', 'using a designated cup for the water purifier', and 'keeping clean around the leftover container'. As for school foodservice hygiene, the same area was 'cleanliness of tray'. These findings suggest that hygiene education needs to be extended to more students, and for school foodservice hygiene, a cleaner environment should be created using equipment hygiene management, including emphasis on ensuring cleanliness of tray.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.91-103
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• 2022

This study surveyed 101 occupational therapists who were performing occupational therapy before and after the COVID-19 outbreak to compare their perceptions and performance of hand washing, use of personal protective equipment, and infection control of surrounding environment. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal wallis H test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Pearson's correlation coefficient were used analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that they received better infection control education after the outbreak compared to before the outbreak of COVID-19, and their experience with infectious diseases was lower. In addition, it was found that the perception and performance of infection control in hand washing, personal protective equipment, and surrounding environment cleaning were improved after the outbreak compared to before the outbreak of COVID-19. However, to this day, hand washing for more than 40 seconds in running water recommended by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cleaning the treatment room, and disinfection of treatment tools are still in need of improvement. Through this study, infection control education should be repeated regularly to minimize the occurrence of infectious diseases, and It will be a basic data that can be used in infection control education and follow-up studies for occupational therapists in the future.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.375-382
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness and performance of hand washing in some health-related college students and to provide basic data on the management of hand washing through the difference and correlation between awareness and performance. This study collected data from 367 questionnaires excluding non-response and unfaithful responses from health-related college students in nursing, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. The survey tool was a Likert 5-point scale self-filled questionnaire that examined general characteristics, hand washing awareness and performance. The general characteristics of the subjects were calculated by frequency analysis, and one-way ANOVA, awareness and performance were analyzed by Pearson's correlation. There was a significant difference in the awareness of hand washing in some health-related college students in the presence or absence of infection education and in all areas except gender. According to the characteristics of the health department, the awareness and performance of hand washing showed a significant difference in the order of physical therapy, occupational therapy, and nursing. There was a significant difference in hand washing awareness in grade characteristics and no significant difference in performance. There was a high correlation between awareness and performance of hand washing.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.165-172
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• 2023

This study involved 220 dental hygiene students who had experience in field clinical practice. It was carried out to grasp the awareness and practice of dental infection control and to use it as basic data for dental infection control practice. As a result of examining the awareness of dental infection control, the average score was 4.58 points, and the average infection control practice was 4.50 points. As a result of identifying differences between infection control awareness and practice, there were statistically significant differences in all domains. As a result of investigating the effect on infection prevention practices, the grade level, the experience of infection during practice, whether infection control guidelines are provided in the laboratory, awareness of handwashing areas, and wearing personal protective equipment were found to be significant predictors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.207-213
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• 2019

This study aimed to provide basic data for the development of education programs on food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene management of high school students according to gender. From July 16 to October 15, 2015, questionnaires were distributed to 30 students per grade at 16 high schools in Chungcheongnam-do, and a total of 1,214 questionnaires(excluding uncollected and insufficient questionnaires) were processed using SPSS(ver 18.0). According to the study, female students more checked the expiration date for food(3.78, 3.57), ate stored food without heating(2.83, 3.02) and stored it according to the characteristics(3.92, 3.72) than male students. On the other hand, male students answered they looked at food packaging more closely(3.34, 3.22), and always used personal plates when they ate(3.43, 3.32), than female students. Female students were always better at hand washing after went to toilet(4.25, 3.94), used individual cups when using water purifiers(3.45, 3.32), kept nails cleaner(3.61, 3.49), and went around(2.14, 2.53) and went to toilet during meals than male students(2.22, 2.57). Boys answered they were better at hand washing before meals(3.64, 3.50), with right way(3.58, 3.46), and covering with a tissue, handkerchief or sleeve when they coughed(3.55, 3.37) than girls. In this study, high school students showed significant differences between gender in food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene management, with different areas requiring improvement. Therefore, this study suggests the need for education on food hygiene attitude and personal hygiene management differentiated according to gender.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.171-177
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between toothbrushing and hand washing according to health education experience in middle school students. Methods: The subjects were 480 students of four middle schools in Y region. This is a cross sectional study and the study instrument was adapted from the knowledge, attitude and practice of hand washing and toothbrushing in elementary school students by Jung. Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 in the study. The questionnaire consisted of 5 questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, 5 questions of hand washing knowledge, 3 questions of hand washing behavior, 3 questions of health education experience. Toothbrushing questionnaire consisted of 10 questions of knowledge, 5 questions of behavior, 5 questions of health education experience, and 5 questions of dental health care facilities within schools. Data were analyzed by PASW 20.0 program. Results: Toothbrushing more than three times a day accounted for 76.8%. Those who receiving health education in elementary school accounted for 41.5% and those who had not accounted for 58.5%. Health education experience(75.8%) led to toothbrushing after meal(p<0.05). Those who receiving health education in elementary schools had 1.76 times of toothbrushing after meal than those who had not(p<0.01). Conclusions: Middle school students receiving health education had a tendency to do toothbrushing and hand washing frequently.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.909-918
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• 2022

The aim of this study is to explore the day care center administrators' educational needs and self-efficacy in prevention of infectious diseases and identify the factors affecting the self-efficacy in preventing infectious disease. The participants were 172 day care center administrators in G, J, S City, data was collected using self report questionnaires. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Multiple regression analysis using SPSS 24.0. Educational needs of infectious disease 'When and how to hand wash', 'Method to clean and disinfect' were high and self-efficacy in prevention of infectious diseases on hand washing education and time were high. And there was a positive correlation between educational needs and self-efficacy in prevention of infectious diseases (r=.528, p<.001). The factors affecting self-efficacy in prevention of infectious diseases were the educational needs for the prevention of infection (β=.53, p<.001) and experience in infection prevention education (β=.25, p<.001). This study showed that it is necessary to develop and apply programs that can meet the Educational need of infectious disease for day care center administrators. Through such education, the self-efficacy in prevention of infectious diseases of participants can be improved.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2016

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the status of infection for infectious diseases and infection control in occupational therapy. Methods : This study was implemented through the survey composed of the status of infection for infectious disease and the infection control and awareness of the infection control. The duration of survey was a month, June, 2016. 111 occupational therapists in 23 room of occupational therapy completed a survey. Results : 34.8% of occupational therapy room experienced the infectious diseases. This study showed the occupational therapists have high performance in almost items of infection control. But the occupational therapist showed the low performance in the items including 'Washing hands over than 15 seconds', 'Washing hands before and after wearing gloves', 'Wearing mask during treatment', 'Throwing away mask after using' and 'Washing your uniform separate from other cloths'. Almost occupational therapists think infection control is important and the education for infection control is needed in occupational therapy. But most of the education is implemented in only medical institution. Conclusion : To improve performance in infection control, individual effort of occupational therapists and institutional strategies are needed. This study will use as basic data for the education about infection control aimed at the occupational therapists.