• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2011

Injury of posterolateral corner is unusual, but it can cause disability due to severe instability and cartilage damage. However, the anatomical structures, diagnosis and treatment have not defined clearly yet. Posterolateral corner injury is regarded as the one of main factor to the results of failure in cruciate ligament reconstcution if it was undiagnosed and untreated. Diagnosis of postetolateral corner injury is consists of physical exam, radiographic finding, MRI, and arthroscopic findings. The treatment method of of postetolateral corner injury depends on the time and severity of injury. Anatomical reconstruction of posterolateral corner shows the better clinical outcome than non anatomical reconstructions, but the clinical results of long term follow up is still needed. Therefore, the aim of this article is to review the recent literatures and to organize diagnosis and treatment of posterolateral corner injury.

• Composites Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.62-70
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• 1999

It was well recognized that damages associated mainly with the aging of civil infrastructrues were one of very serious problems for assurance of safety and reliability. In recent, carbon fiber sheet(CFS) has been widely used for reinforcement and rehabitation of damaged concrete beam. However, the fundamental mechanism of load transfer and its load-resistant for carbon fiber sheet reinforced concrete are not fully understood. In this study, three point bend test has been carried out to understand the damage progress and micro-failure mechanism of CFS reinforced concretes. For these purposes, four kinds of specimens are used, that is, concrete, respectively. Acoustic Emission(AE) technique was used to evaluate the characteristics of damage progress and failure mechanism of specimens. In addititon, two-dimensional AE source location was also performed to monitor crack initiation and propagation processes for four types of these specimens.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.297-303
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• 2002

배 골판지 포장상자의 진동특성을 계측, 분석하기 위하여 유압가진기을 이용하여 단일 포장상자의 진동실험 및 적재된 포장상자의 진동실험을 위한 시스템을 구성하고 진동특성 계측용 컴퓨터 프로그램을 개발하며 진동실험을 하였으며, 그 결론은 다음과 같다. 1. 유압가진기의 성능실험을 하여 배 골판지 포장상자의 진동실험에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 2. 단일 배 골판지 포장상자의 피크 주파수는 27.02 Hz이었으며, 피크 가속도는 1.9 G이었다. 3. 적재된 배 골판지 포장상자와 적재 단수별 피크 주파수는 19.02, 18.14, 16.62 및 15.40 Hz이었으며, 피크 가속도는 2.2987, 3.7654, 5.6087 및 7.9852 G이었다. 4. 배의 경우에는 운송시 과도한 진동에 노출되어 손상을 입게 되는데 만약 골판지 상자안의 배가 팰리트 적재로 운송시 15∼20 Hz 주파수 대역의 진동을 하게 되면 포장상자의 최하단에서부터 최상단까지 가속도와 변위가 증가되어 배의 심각한 멍(bruise) 손상을 초라하게 된다. 5. 배 골판지 포장상자의 진동시 최하단의 상자의 경우에는 상단에 위치한 상자로부터 진동에 의한 압축력을 받아 배의 손상 원인이 되었다. 이것은 농산물이 유통중의 진동에 노출되었을 때 농산물의 손상은 최하단의 골판지 포장상자의 압상의 원인이 제일 크다는 것을 알 수가 있었다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

Over the past five years (2010-2014), the total number of traffic accidents has decreased from 226,878 to 223,552 with decrease of 0.37 percent each year. The death toll has also decreased from 5,505 to 4,762. However, the number of rental car accidents and fatalities has been steadily increased. Despite of its growth, no previous study has been conducted on rental car accident severity. This study analyzed data of 18,050 rental car accidents in South Korea collected from 2010 to 2014 and then processed in order to identify which factors could affect the accident severity. Seventeen factors related to rental car accident severity were grouped into four categories: driver, vehicle, roadways and environment. As a result of the ordered probit model analysis, fourteen variables excluding age, intersection, and day of week were found to affect the severity of rental car accidents. The results of the study summarized as follows. First of all, violation of traffic regulations such as speeding increase the severity of rental car accidents. Secondly, rental accident severity is higher at curved sections of complicated roadway, which the driver's field of view is impaired. The results of this study can be used to reduce the severity of rental car accidents in transportation safety.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.184-188
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• 2008

Performance degradation of concrete structures is generally caused by structural deteriorations, such as cracks. It may result in serious defects of concrete structures. Methods of damage detection are used a visual angle of human or non-destructive test, and they are using various sensors. Problems of crack damage detection are occurred to directions of cracks by using 1 axial type of accelerometer in concrete element. In addition, these sensors are not used to occurring fire in RC building. Thermocouple sensors are able to using measurement of temperature in fire, and then deformations of main element and structures are not used. In this study, fundamental studies for development of multiple function sensor using 3 axial type of accelerometer and electric resistance property of thermocouple sensors are discussed estimation to stability of structures when happened form active load or fire, and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.351-361
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• 2003

Brick wall models with window opening, length 1.844m $\times$ height 0.6m, representing 2-story building was constructed on a scale of 1/10 of actual size of brick building for the investigation of damage mechanism. Six settlement troughs presenting six stages of excavation were simulated by Peck(1969) and O'Rourke et al.(1976) methods. The results from the model tests using Peck(1969) and O'Rourke et al.(1976) method indicated that angular distortion of brick wall by O'Rourke et at. method was 21% greater than that of Peck method. Horizontal displacement by O'Rourke et al.(1976) was 24% greater than that of Peck. When the degree of building damage for the O'Rourke et al. method of settlement trough is plotted on the damage level graph(Boscardin & Cording, 1989), damage level becomes much more severe than the level obtained by peck's method. Also, building stiffness and soil-structure interface are considered important factors of expressing building damage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.1 s.270
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• pp.66-68
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• 2007

Traumatic cardiac injury is an extremely serious medical condition. It is possible to overlook a cardiac injury where there is no chest wall trauma. We here report the 47-year-old woman who got a crach car accident and had a tear of the right atrium. The distortion force from a decelerating injury may cause cardiac rupture at a fixed point. The most common symptom that alerts the clinician to a potentially fatal cardiac injury is the change in vital signs. Therefore cardiac injury should be considered in any patient with unexplained hypotension who has experienced decelerating trauma, even without external injury to the chest wall.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.293-296
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• 2001

MPEG-2 압축 방법을 이용한 비트열은 가변장 부호를 이용하기 때문에 에러에 매우 민감하다. 하나의 비트에러가 발생하더라도, 다음 동기화 부호를 찾을 때까지 매크로블록 또는 슬라이스 단위의 정보 손실을 초래하기 때문에 복원 영상의 화질 열화가 심각하다. 따라서 에러 영상의 복원을 위한 에러 은닉 기술은 복호기 쪽에 매우 중요하다. 기존에 발표된 방법들은 에러에 의한 손실이 매크로블록 단위로 발생했다는 가정 하에 손상된 매크로블록주위의 상, 하, 좌, 우 네 방향의 데이터를 이용하였다. 하지만 대부분의 심각한 에러는 슬라이스 단위로 발생하기 때문에 좌, 우의 데이터는 사용할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 슬라이스 단위의 에러를 은닉하기에 적합한 알고리즘을 제안한다. 상, 하, 오른쪽 상단, 왼쪽 상단, 오른쪽 하단, 왼쪽 하단의 6영역의 데이터를 이용하여 두 가지 대표적인 에러 은닉 방법인 boundary matching 방식과 주변 움직임 벡터 정보를 이용한 움직임 벡터 추정 방식에 적용하였다. 실험 곁과 기존의 방법에 비해 향상된 복원 화질을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2013

원전 화재 PSA에서 화재 초기사건발생빈도는 전체 노심손상빈도에 직접 비례하여 영향을 주기 때문에 중요한 요소이다. 미국 NRC는 EPRI와의 공동연구를 통하여 원전 화재 PSA의 신규 방법론(NUREG/CR-6850)을 개발하였고, 미국 원전사업자들은 신규 방법론을 적용하여 화재 PSA를 수행하고 있다. 최근 EPRI는 원전 화재 초기사건 발생빈도 추정시 NUREG/CR-6850에서 사용된 화재심각도 분류방법을 개정한 지침서를 발간하였다. 본 논문에서는 신규 분류기준에 대해서 살펴보고, 국내 원전에서 경험한 화재사건에 대해서 신규 분류 기준을 적용하여 고찰하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.747-754
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare inter-regional accident modes using the National Hospital Discharge Patient Injury Survey. In order to determine economic status of each region, 234 cities and counties were categorized as 5 groups according to their financial self-reliance ratio. The main results are as follows. First, transport accidents had increased by the age group of 25 to 44 but decreased thereafter. Second, the frequency of car accidents was the highest among several types of transport accidents. Most common site of transport accidents was roads and highways. Third, there was significant difference in the modes of transport accident among regions. Fourth, emergency admission rate was quite different according to regional groups but it was no significant difference by economic status. Lastly, there was significant difference in injury patterns by region groups. In regions which were high economic status, there were relatively less serious injury patterns such as sprain, strain, dislocation while regions which were in low economic status had experienced serious injury including fracture, stab wound, and open fracture. We could find the difference in accident modes by regional economic status. Therefore, health authority should consider different accident prevention strategies by regional groups.