• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.121-145
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• 2013

This study aims to examine the experiences and significance of a mother's learning community, which is a voluntary small get together of mothers who have infants and young children. For this, a participatory observation and in-depth interview were carried out from June 2012 to January 2013 targeting eight mothers who participated in the mothers' learning community. The mother's learning community is organized by mothers who mainly live and raise young children in P city. First, the mother's learning community gave three kinds of experience to mothers: finding ways of communication through the new meetings, a feeling of fulfillment through voluntary participation, and enjoying the pleasure of being recognized from other people. Second, the significance in this experience could be observed to allow children to have the pleasure of rapport with their mothers, to make more conversation at home, and to allow the community to have significance as network of life. The results of this study will be used as basic data in the mother's learning community in the near future, and for casting a lime light for follow-up research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.612-616
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• 2017

An experimental study investigates the flame response characteristics of non-premixed flame and premixed flame. Air was used as the oxidant. Hydrogen($H_2$)/methane($CH_4$) was used as the fuel, and the mixing ratio of the fuel was 50/50%. Flame response characteristics for various velocity perturbations were experimented. The flame images was acquired using the OH fluorescence measurement and the images were digitized using MatLab code. The results of the premixed flame show that flame perturbation increases as the oscillation amplitude increases. As the amplitude increases, the gain value of the flame transfer function is observed to be a linear behavior. The flame length of a nonpremixed flame decreases as the oscillation amplitude increases. Also, it was confirmed that the gain value according to the amplitude behaves nonlinearly.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1649-1655
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• 2010

OECD 농업위원회에서는 농업정책과 관련된 지지액(support)을 계측하는데 핵심지표로서 PSE(producer support estimate)를 사용하며, 이를 통해 국가별 생산왜곡(production distorting), 생산비(非)연계(decoupled), 시장목표(targeting) 등의 평가에 이용하고 있다. 농업분야 전체에 대한 PSE의 경우, 우리나라와 사정이 비슷한 일본은 1988년 이전 64(%PSE)에서 2007년도는 45로 많이 낮아지고 있고, 우리나라는 70에서 60으로 낮아지긴 했으나 OECD 평균(23)보다는 아직은 높게 평가되고 있기 때문에 지속적으로 개선하기 위한 노력을 진행 중에 있다. 현재 농업용수의 경우, 기반시설과 관련된 정부보조는 일반지지추정치(GSSE)에 포함되어 있으나 호주, 뉴질랜드 같은 농산물 수출국은 정부가 농산물 생산의 왜곡을 줄여야 한다고 강력하게 주장하면서 이 부분을 PSE에 포함하는 방안을 제기하면서 용수 사용에 따른 완전비용회수(Full Cost Recovery)를 정책대안으로 제시하고 있다. 이와 같이 OECD가 농업용수 PSE산정방식을 변경하게 되면 기존의 GSSE에 해당되는 건설비용, 유지관리비용 등을 PSE에 포함되어 우리나라와 일본의 경우 농업용수에 대한 PSE가 크게 증가 하게 된다. 따라서 이에 대해 적극적인 대응이 필요한 시점으로 본 연구에서는 우리나라 및 OECD 주요국의 농업용수 PSE 산정결과에 대해 사용된 정책과 수준을 비교하여 향후 우리나라 농업용수 PSE 산정에 대한 개선방안을 연구하였다. 각 국별 농업용수 PSE수준을 비교한 결과(2008년도 까지) 한국과 호주가 가장 낮은 수준인 것으로 나타났으며, 미국과 EU가 비슷한 수준으로 분석된 반면, 일본과 멕시코가 가장 높은 군에 속하였다. 또한 전체 PSE 중 농업 용수PSE비중의 변화추이를 보면, 한국과 EU가 가장 낮고, 다음이 일본과 미국이며, 호주와 멕시코의 순서로 높게 파악되었다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.395-400
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• 2017

The paper discussed the air-to-fuel ratio control of automotive fuel-injection systems using the cerebellar model articulation controller(CMAC) neural network. Because of the internal combustion engines and fuel-injection's dynamics is extremely nonlinear, it leads to the discontinuous of the fuel-injection and the traditional method of control based on table look up has the question of control accuracy low. The advantages about CMAC neural network are distributed storage information, parallel processing information, self-organizing and self-educated function. The unique structure of CMAC neural network and the processing method lets it have extensive application. In addition, by analyzing the output characteristics of oxygen sensor, calculating the rate of fuel-injection to maintain the air-to-fuel ratio. The CMAC may easily compensate for time delay. Experimental results proved that the way is more good than traditional for petrol control and the CMAC fuel-injection controller can keep ideal mixing ratio (A/F) for engine at any working conditions. The performance of power and economy is evidently improved.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.50-55
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• 2015

In this paper, we present background modeling method based on Gaussian mixture model to subtract background for night-time video surveillance. In night-time video, it is hard work to distinguish the object from the background because a background pixel is similar to a object pixel. To solve this problem, we change the pixel of input frame to more advantageous value to make the Gaussian mixture model using scaled histogram stretching in preprocessing step. Using scaled pixel value of input frame, we then exploit GMM to find the ideal background pixelwisely. In case that the pixel of next frame is not included in any Gaussian, the matching test in old GMM method ignores the information of stored background by eliminating the Gaussian distribution with low weight. Therefore we consider the stacked data by applying the difference between the old mean and new pixel intensity to new mean instead of removing the Gaussian with low weight. Some experiments demonstrate that the proposed background modeling method shows the superiority of our algorithm effectively.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2002

A number of MPLS ATM systems have been proposed to increase the access speed of current rooters, which only support the beat-effort service. However, the MPLS ATM systems have to support the so-called differential service, which discriminates the applications according to the servile clads because they do not be satisfied the Internet users who use diverse applications. In this paper, to support this differential service a detailed forwarding procedure based on a LSP control method and an application-based marking algorithm is suggested. The LSP control method establishes several different LSPs for each FEC according to the service class and the application-based marking algorithm chooses a proper differential service depending on the application category. Also, a design scheme of forwarding engine, which can be easily implemented with a minimum modification of existing MPLS ATM systems is proposed. And, the best simulation result of high priority application category is gained when the proposed forwarding algorithm is compared with existing algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.2131-2136
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• 2016

Before Industry 4.0, a purpose of manufacturing processes is simply overcoming the weakness of product line. However, Industry 4.0 should determine its method of work of facilities' own accord. Manufacturing processes such as FMS, AMS, MAS have been developed in these procedures, but there are possibilities of deadlock that can be happened for the reason of machine, agent or resource sharing. There were many studies to solve this problem. However, studies about prevention of deadlock happened in the situation that manufacturing processes are reconfigured dinamically because of human's intervention are incomplete. This paper proposes the model of the situation reconfigured dinamically and the method to prevent the deadlock in this situation. The proposed method adjusts production and manufacturing time by broadcasting time error messages to machines around when the manufacturing time of machine intervened by human is changed. Through this, it is anticipated to prevent the deadlock if conditions of the product line are changed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3440-3446
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• 2015

One of technologies that make it possible for users to enjoy always-on Internet service using potable devices does be Wifi. However, users frequently feel its connection is not stable or its speed becomes slow. On the other hand, users see multiple available Wifi access points exist often. In this paper, we present a smartphone application, called to WiSMax, that periodically changes its Wifi connection to the best one among available Wifi access points to maximize its speed. Experimental results show that WiSMax presents faster Internet connection than IEEE802.11 as much as about fifteen percent and higher signal strength than IEEE802.11 as much as about five dBm.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.129-142
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• 2014

Latest in Smart Grid projects are emerging as the biggest issue that smart meter should meet the security goal and the SW upgrade for compliance with future standard. However, unlike regular equipment, Smart meters should be designed in accordance with the regulation of legal metrology instrument in order to establish a fair trade-based business and unauthorized changes, it is not allowed and it is strictly limited by law. Therefore, this paper propose a new scheme of certification regarding type approval and verification for legal smart meter as analyzing the requirements of a smart meter regarding upgrade and security. This analysis shows that the proposed scheme comply with the regulation and the specification of smart meter by applying it to smart meter with smart card.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.303-312
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• 1991

This paper describes the general formulation for the in-plane flexural free vibration analysis of two layered structure by the transfer influence coefficient method. The structure is regared as a distributed mass system with lumped mass and inertia moments, massless linear and rotational springs, and joints elements of releases and rolls at which the displacements are discontinuous in each layer. The results of the simple numerical examples on a personal computer demonstrate the validity of the present method, that is, the numerical high accuracy, the high speed, the flexibility for programming of the present algorithm, compared with the transfer matrix method.