• Smart Media Journal
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.34-45
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• 2015

The illegal copy of Windows software is one of the problems, because Windows is the most popular operating system in the country. The illegal copy can be infringe a software copyright, and software birthmark is one of solutions which is protecting software copyright. Software birthmark is a technique to distinguish software piracy using feature information from software. The type of software birthmark can be differentiated between static birthmark and dynamic birthmark through an extraction method. Static birthmark and dynamic birthmark have strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we propose similarity measurement technique using dynamic birthmark based on API, and we explain extraction process of dynamic birthmark. In addition, we have verified that the proposed similarity measurement technique meet resilience and credibility through experiment. Furthermore, we saw that proposed measurement technique better than existing measurement technique.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2019

As smartphones become widespread, numerous applications are developed and social issues related to software copyright are emerging. Software watermarking is digital watermarking technology applied to software and is a technology that can be used to recognize copyright owners. Generally, Java language is used to develop applications on the Android environment. The Java is an object-oriented language that supports method overloading and overriding. In this paper, we propose and implement a method generation based watermarking technique. As a result of evaluating the overhead due to the watermark, it was confirmed that the increase of the executable file size and the decrease of the execution speed are not large. Using the watermarking technique proposed in this paper, it is expected that copyright information can be verified when illegal copying is suspected or actual program is stolen, and piracy attempts will be prevented in advance.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.177-180
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• 2013

A software birthmark means inherent characteristics that can be used to identify a program. Because the software birthmark is difficult to remove by simple program transformation, it can be used to detect code theft. In this paper, we propose a birthmark technique based on API k-gram of Android applications. Android SDK provides various libraries that help programmers to develop application easily. In order to use Android SDK, we have to use API method calls. The API call instructions are hard to be replaced or removed, so they can be a inherent characteristics of an application. To show the effectiveness of the proposed birthmark, we compared it with previous birthmarks and evaluated it with open source applications. From the experiments, we verified that the credibility and resilience of our birthmark is higher than previous birthmarks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.395-398
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• 2014

데스크톱 애플리케이션은 제품 활성화를 위해 제품번호나 라이선스 키, 아이디-패스워드를 이용한 인증을 활용한다. 그러나 크랙, 패치, 인증서버 우회로 인한 불법 복제 프로그램 사용 및 사용자 권한 도용이 끊이질 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내외 소프트웨어 품질 향상과 정품 소프트웨어 사용 및 안전한 인증을 위해 도입해야할 기본적인 보안 요구사항을 연구하고 검증하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.700-708
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• 2015

A software birthmark is the set of characteristics of a program which can be used to identify the program. Many researchers have studied on detecting theft of java programs using some birthmarks. In case of Android apps, code obfuscation techniques are used to protect the apps against reverse-engineering and tampering. However, attackers can also use the obfuscation techniques in order to conceal a stolen program. A birthmark (feature) of an app can be alterable by code obfuscations. Therefore, it is necessary to detect Android app theft based on the birthmark which is resilient to code obfuscation. In this paper, we propose an effective Android app birthmark and app theft detection through the proposed birthmark. By analyzing some obfuscation tools, we have first selected parameter and the return types of methods as an adequate birthmark. Then, we have measured similarity of target apps using the birthmarks extracted from the apps, where some target apps are not obfuscated and the others obfuscated. The measurement results show that our proposed birthmark is effective for detecting Android app theft even though the apps are obfuscated.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.389-394
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• 2012

Most current systems have ignored security vulnerability concerned with boot firmware. It is highly likely that boot firmware may cause serious system errors, such as hardware manipulations by malicious programs or code, the operating system corruption caused by malicious code and software piracy under a condition of no consideration of security mechanism because boot firmware has an authority over external devices as well as hardware controls. This paper proposed a structural security mechanism based on software equipped with encrypted bootstrap patterns different from pre-existing bootstrap methods in terms of securely loading an operating system, searching for malicious codes and preventing software piracy so as to provide reliability of boot firmware. Moreover, through experiments, it proved its superiority in detection capability and overhead ranging between 1.5 % ~ 3 % lower than other software security mechanisms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.560-563
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• 2007

본 논문은 소프트웨어의 완성도와 관련하여 발주사와 개발사간의 분쟁이 있을 시에 필요한 분쟁조정을 위한 평가방법을 연구하였다. 먼저 소프트웨어 개발 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 분쟁의 유형을 분류하였고, 객관적인 평가를 위한 감정 절차를 분류하였다. 본 연구에서는 분쟁조정의 객관성 확보를 위한 가중치 설정, 각 기능들에 대한 중요도를 설정하여 어느 정도의 완성도를 보였는지를 정량적으로 평가하였다. 또한, 프로그램의 복제 문제를 판단하기 위하여 필요한 감정 항목 설정 및 도용 여부를 판단하기 위한 기본 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2002.05c
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• pp.49-53
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• 2002

본 논문은 광학 현미경으로 관찰된 데이터들을 분산 시스템이나 병렬 시스템에 구현한 소프트웨어 시스템의 설계에 대한 것으로, 이 시스템이 처리하는 데이터들이 대용량이라는 특성과 함께 다중 해상도의 특성을 갖는다. 본 시스템은 고객/서버 모델을 기반으로 하였으며, 대용량 데이터 처리시 성능에 중요한 디스크 입출력의 대역폭을 높이기 위해 힐버트 곡선 기반의 분산 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 서버부는 조정자 노드와 서비스 노드로 구성되며, 시스템의 제 구성 요소들간에는 정해진 통신 규약에 따라 메시지를 주고 받고, 상호 독립적이다. 이 시스템은 의학 교육, 원격 병리, 가상 학술 회의 등에 응용될 때 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1007-1012
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• 2014

Software birthmarks are used to detect software plagiarism. For binaries, however, only a few birthmarks have been developed. In this paper, we propose a static approach to generate API sequences along major paths, which are analyzed from control flow graphs of the binaries. Since our API sequences are extracted along the most plausible paths of the binary codes, they can represent actual API sequences produced from binary executions, but in a more concise form. Our similarity measures use the Smith-Waterman algorithm that is one of the popular sequence alignment algorithms for DNA sequence analysis. We evaluate our static path-based API sequence with multiple versions of five applications. Our experiment indicates that our proposed method provides a quite reliable similarity birthmark for binaries.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Android apps are mostly distributed as an apk files, and when the apk file is uncompressed, resource files such as xml files, images, and sounds related to app design can be extracted. If the resources of banking or finance-related apps are stolen and fake apps are distributed, personal information could be stolen or financial fraud may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to make it difficult to steal the design as well as the code when distributing the app. In this paper, we implemented a tool to convert the xml file into Java code and obfuscate using the Proguard, and evaluated the execution performance. If the layout obfuscation technique proposed in this paper is used, it is expected that the app operation performance can be improved and the illegal copying damage caused by the theft of the screen design can be prevented.