• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.278-286
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• 2013

Phellinus xeranticus is an medicinal mushroom belongs to Family Hymenochaetaceae of Polyporales, Basidiomycota. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of methanol and hot water extracts prepared from fruiting bodies of Phellinus xeranticus. Besides measuring of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, a reducing power and a chelating activity on ferrous ions were also measured to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extracts. To measure the anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts, nitric oxide(NO) production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and carrageenan-induced acute hind paw edema of rats were investigated. The results showed that the extracts have excellent DPPH scavenging and chelating activity on the ferrous ions compared with positive controls. The nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were decreased as the concentration of the mushroom extracts increased. Significant reduction of paw edema of rats were observed at 2~6 h after treatment of methanol and hot-water extracts with 50 mg/kg concentration to the rats which are induced acute hind paw edema by carrageenan administration. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of the methanol extract of the mushroom showed 83.34% inhibition on AcHE which is lower than that of positive control galanthamine. The experimental results suggested that methanol and hot-water extracts of Phellinus xeranticus fruiting bodies might be used for good sources of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-acetylcholinesterase agents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2013

This study was suggested as fundamental data to control medical materials remained in Nakdong range gauge. The level of Iopromide detected in Nakdong mainstream was $0.0015{\sim}0.37{\mu}g/L$, Mefenamic acid $0.0087{\sim}0.056{\mu}g/L$, Diclofenac $N.D.{\sim}0.01{\mu}g/L$, Atenolol $N.D.{\sim}0.024{\mu}g/L$, Propranolol $N.D.{\sim}0.0038{\mu}g/L$, Lincomycin $0.0005{\sim}0.038{\mu}g/L$, and Trimethoprim $N.D.{\sim}0.0083{\mu}g/L$. At sewage disposal plant in the region, most of them were detected high levels of density. Especially, the level of Iopromide was found the highest up to $5.38{\mu}g/L$. At livestock wasted water disposal plant, the level of lincomycin was detected the highest figure of $477{\mu}g/L$. As a result, medical materials from Nakdong River mainstream got increasing the concentration due to inflow from sewage disposal plant in Gumi and River Geumho in Daegu, which affects residential and industrial areas significantly. Therefore, to control medical materials remained in Nakdong River efficiently, Geumho River and sewage disposal plants shall be continuously monitored and managed, which is recommendable.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.509-514
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• 2004

The fruit or root of Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica and its extract has traditionally been used as anti inflammatation medicines as well as a remedy of the digestive ulcer for a long time. Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica has also been used to cure palliative and diuresis, because it contains lot of mucus and tannin. In this study, we examined the moisturizing effect and anti-inflammation effect of polysaccharides extracted from Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica to investigated whether it can be used as a cosmetic ingredient or not. The polysaccharides were extracted from Ulmus davidiana var. Japonica. Then the hydrolyzed was obtained through the hydrolysis. It has been ascertained that the polysaccharides we mainly composed of rhamnose, galactose, and glucose through HPLC experiments, and it has 20,000 of the molecular weight and 89.3 dL/g of intrinsic viscosity In a moisturizing test of measuring water loss in a desiccator and moisture content by Comeometer CM820, Ulmus davidiana root extract showed a similar moisturizing effect as hyaluronic acid. And its anti-inflammation effect on carrageenin-induced edema evaluated by measuring the thickness of swelling over paw induced by carrageenin (25 uL of $2\%$ carrageenin saline injection), the $\%$ swelling over paw treated with Ulmus davidiana root extract was much less than that of paw treated with carrageenin only. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ulmus davidiana root extract was almost similar to that of ketoprofen. These results can say that Ulmus davidiana root extract can be effectively used as a cosmetic ingredient.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.113-117
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• 2005

After producing 4 kinds of hydrogel materials by mixing the composite preparation in Gardeniae Fructus extracts with ketorolac tromethamine, which is NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), through the experiment of measurement in the tensile strength, in the skin permeation, and in the periodontal-pocket reduction rate, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The tensile strength of a drug indicated the tensile strength 3.5-fold higher compared to the control group, in KGH gel B. 2. The skin-permeation volume in ketorolac tromethamine was highest with $105.62{\mu}m/cm^2$ in KGH gel B for 8 hours, and the permeation volume in geniposide was relatively high with $73.8{\mu}m/cm^2$ in KGE gel A, but the permeation volume in genipin, which is the hydrolysis, represented the highest permeation amount with $50.17{\mu}m/cm^2$ in KGH gel B. 3. In terms of the periodontal-pocket reduction rate, after 4 weeks, KGE gel A showed the falling rate of 23.85% compared to the control group, but did not indicate the significant difference, and KGH gel B represented the reduction rate of 29.46% compared to the control group, thus it indicated the significantly treatment effect.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.333-340
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• 2010

Zaltoprofen, a propionic acid derivative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is known to have powerful inhibitory effects on acute, subacute and chronic inflammation. We developed poly(lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA) microspheres loaded with zaltoprofen for sustained controlled delivery using an oil-water solvent evaporation methods by varying PLGA molecular weight and cosurfactant contents. Physicochemical properties and morphology of zaltoprofen-loaded PLGA microspheres were investigated by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimeter. The size of microspheres increased with the molecular weight of PLGA and the content of cosurfactants. The increase of PLGA molecular weight and cosurfactant content decreased the porosity of microspheres, subsequently resulting in the slow drug release. The results demonstrated that the adjustment of PLGA molecular weight and the cosurfactant content allowed us to control the drug release profiles of drug-loaded microspheres.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.114-121
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• 2023

Selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibition is a novel strategy to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects caused by conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, some selective COX-2 inhibitors have become apparent to increase the risk of severe cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of rosemary extract (RE) and confirm the safety of cardiovascular side effects. Inhibition of COX enzyme activity was assessed, and the levels of COX-2 and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and COX-1 and thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The 40% RE group showed increased COX-2 inhibition activity in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the 50% RE group only exhibited at 100 ㎍/mL. In a cell-based study, COX-2 mRNA expression was similar in both RE groups and PGE₂ levels tended to decrease in the 40% RE group compared to the LPS group in the LPS pretreatment condition. In the LPS posttreatment condition, the COX-2 mRNA expression decreased in the 40% RE group, and PGE₂ levels were increased in the 40 and 50% RE groups. In both conditions, there was no significant difference in COX-1 and TXB₂ levels. In conclusion, 40 and 50% RE showed significant COX-2 inhibition, similar to the positive control group. It was confirmed that the inhibition of the COX-2 expression, but the effect did not affect the balance between prostacyclin and TXB₂. These results indicate that rosemary showed COX-2 inhibition activity with a low risk of cardiovascular diseases.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.168-174
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• 2005

Purpose: We experienced 8 cases of osteoid osteoma arising around hip joint which had some characteristics that differ from those arising on long bone. we reports the characteristics of osteoid osteoma arising around the hip joint. Materials and Methods: 8 cases of osteoid osteoma were diagnosed during 1985 to 2004 at hanyang university hospital. all cases were comfirmed patholgically. 6 cases were male, 2 cases were female patients. The mean age was 17 years old (ranged from 8 to 29). They occurred in intertrochanteric area (4 cases), subtrochanteric area (2 cases), acetabulum (1 case) and femoral neck (1 case). We used radiologic tools including magnetic resonance image, computed tomography, bone scintigraphy. clinicopathologic test including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Creactive protein. Results: The patients expressed various symptoms including thigh pain, knee pain, low back pain and radiating pain respectively. 2 patients had experienced operation on knee joint. 3 patients showed limping gait. Aspirin relieved the pain in 3 patients. The difference in circumference was 1cm between both thighs in 2 cases. Conclusion: Patients with osteoid osteoma arising around hip joint which have various symptoms such as severe knee pain and claudication, differ from infectious disease by clinicopathologic test including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C- reactive protein and had better diagnostic result in computed tomography.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.247-251
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• 2013

The objective of present study was to develop a simultaneous determination method of 5 medical compounds, including beclomethasone, dexamethasone, prednisolone, ketoprofen, phenylbutazone in foods, using LC-MS/MS. To optimize MS analytical condition of 5 compounds, each parameter was established by MRM mode. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column successfully, with a mobile phase made up of A (0.1% formic acid) and B (0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile), at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min for 17 min with a gradient elution. LOD and LOQ of 5 compounds were in the range of 0.40~4.60 ng/mL and 0.81~11.46 ng/mL, respectively. As a result of analyzing the three concentrations of the standard mixture added to blank samples, the results showed that the mean recovery rate of 5 compounds was in the range of 81.52~103.83%, and RSD (%) of Intra- and Inter-day assay were 0.52-10.45. Since relatively fine selectivity, accuracy and reproducibility were shown in this qualified experimental method, it could be utilized efficiently to investigating those 5 compounds to see if it is added to food products illegally.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2003

Purpose: To report two cases of bone tumors other than osteoid osteoma in the proximal femur and treated with percutaneous high frequency radioablation method. Cases: We reviewed two cases with intracortical chondroma and enchondroma in the femoral head retrospectively. The patient with intracortical chondroma was a thirty one year old woman and had suffered right hip pain of 1 year duration. The lesion was located in the head of right femur and treated with CT guided percutaneous high frequency radioablation after needle biopsy under general anesthesia. The symptom was gone immediately after the procedure and was discharged postop. 1 day. 15 months has passed without symptom recurrence. Second case having enchondroma, was 56 year old woman complaining of gluteal area pain for 3 months. Radiologic evaluation showed osteolytic lesion with sclerotic rim on the inferior portion of the left femoral head. She received a same therapy with CT guided radiofrequency ablation following needle biopsy. She reported dramatic pain relief after the procedure and was discharged postop. 1 day. No symptom has occurred for 3 months until now. Conclusion: We present 2 cases of bone tumor occurred in the hip joint area other than osteoid osteoma which were treated with CT guided radiofrequency ablation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.424-430
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• 2006

Purpose : Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(JRA) is one of the most common rheumatic diseases of childhood and is an important cause of short- and long-term disability. The purpose of this study was to determine the disease course and outcome in childhood patients with JRA. Methods : Fifty nine patients with JRA who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center from August 1990 to November 2004 were enrolled in this study. Sex, age, type, affected joints, extra-articular manifestations, laboratory and radiologic findings, treatments, and outcomes of JRA patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results : Among JRA patients, 32.2 percent had pauciarticular type, 30.5 percent had polyarticular type and 37.3 percent had systemic type. The ratio of boys to girls was 1.7 : 1 and the mean age at onset was $9.3{\pm}3.7$(1.3-15.9) years. The most commonly affected joints were knee, ankle and wrist. The extra-articular manifestations observed were fever, rash, myalgia and lymph node enlargement, etc. The main laboratory findings observed were leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytosis, elevated ESR, and elevated CRP. Rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibody(ANA) were positive in 5.3 percent and 18.0 percent. Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAID) were used most frequently and methotrexate with or without steroids was added in 27.1 percent of patients unresponsive to NSAID. 88.1 percent of patients were cured without functional disability and only one patient was in functional status IV. One patient, who had pulmonary involvement, died. Conclusion : Our results showed an even distribution in type of onset, male predominance, older age of onset, low incidence of iridocyclitis, and low positivity of ANA in JRA patients; this differs from occidental data. This study may suggest regional differences and variability in disease groups of JRA among different racies, but further multi-center trials and large scale epidemiological studies are needed to confirm our conclusion.