• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.120-124
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• 2007

The thermal degradation kinetics of alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols was studied during heating at 100, 150 200 and 250$^{\circ}C$ for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min in the absence of oxygen. The tocopherols were separated by HPLC using a reversed phase ${\mu}$-Bondapak C$_{18}$-column with two kinds of elution solvent system in a gradient mode. The kinetics for degradation of ${\alpha}$-, ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$-tocopherols was analyzed as a function of temperatures and times. The degradation of tocopherols was described by the first-order kinetics in the absence of oxygen. The rate of tocopherols degradation was dependent on heating temperatures. The degradation rate constants for ${\alpha}$-, ${\gamma}$ and ${\delta}$-tocopherols showed an increasing trend as the heating temperature increased. The magnitude order of the experimental activation energy was ${\delta}$->${\gamma}$->${\alpha}$-tocopherol.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.245-249
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on maturation of bovine follicular oocytes in vitro. Oocytes were recovered from the ovaries of slaughtered Hanwoos. The oocytes were matured in TCM 199 at 39$^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ in air. Growth factors were added to maturation medium as follows: control (no serum), EGF (10ng/m1, 50ng/ml or 100ng/m1), IGF-1 (100ng/m1) and EGF (50ng/ml) + IGF-1 (100ng/m1). The oocytes were placed onto a slide and stained with aceto-orcein dye. Nuclear maturation was evaluated and classified as germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), metaphase-I (MI) or metaphase-ll(Mll). Maturation rates were 37.9% (control), 45.8% (EGF, 10ng/m1), 55.8% (EGF, 50ng/ml), 44.4% (EGF, 100ng/m1), 46.7% (IGF-1, 100ng/m1) and 67.0% (IGF-1+EGF). The highest group developed to Mll stage was IGF-1+EGF treatment group (p<0.05). Therefore, nuclear maturation of bovine oocytes were affected by both of growth factors, and it seems to have a mutual activity between them.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.527-543
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• 2010

구제역은 소 돼지 사슴 면양 산양 고라니 노루 등 우제류 동물에서 발생하는 제1종 가축전염병으로 빠른 시간내에 동물의 입 발굽 젖꼭지 등에 수포를 형성하는 것이 특징이다. 감염된 소의 혓바닥, 잇몸, 입술, 입 내부점막, 주둥이에 크기가 다양한 수포가 형성된다. 심한 경우에 혀 전체 넓은 부위에서 궤양이 형성될 수 있다. 수포는 24시간이내에 정상적으로는 파열되며, 그 수포액은 $10^8/ml$의 역가를 갖는 바이러스를 함유한다. 상피가 떨어지고, 유연이 심해지며, 타액이 입 주변에 흔건히 흘러내린다. 입 주변 병변과 동시 또는 이어서 수포가 발굽에 형성되며, 부분적으로 발굽갓띠 또는 제부의 갈라진 틈에서 생성되어 통증과 파행의 원인이 된다. 수포는 보통 유두와 유방에 발생되며, 때로는 세균성 유방염을 발생시킨다. 생산성의 감소는 보통 25% 정도로 추정된다. 돼지는 초기에 파행, 발열, 의기소침, 식욕부진이 있다. 소 보다 발굽에서 더욱 증상이 심하다. 유두, 유선, 콧등에 수포가 형성된다. 혀의 병변은 소보다 심하지 않다. 잠복기가 2~14일 (소에서의 약 6.2일, 돼지에서는 약 10.2일)로 짧고, 전파가 매우 빠르며 경제적 피해가 크기 때문에 국제 교역에서도 규제대상이 되는 질병이다. 구제역의 병인체는 피코르나바이러스과 아프토바이러스속에 속하는 구제역 바이러스로 현재까지 7개의 혈청형(A, O, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 및 SAT 3)이 알려져 있다. 이 전염병은 동물전염병 중에서 가장 악명 높은 전염병이다. 세계동물보건기구 (OIE)에서도 각 국간에 국제적인 위협을 최소화하기 위하여 질병의 발생을 보고해야 하는 질병으로 특별 관리하고 있다. 2006년 이후 최근까지 아시아 지역에서 지속적으로 많은 발생을 보이고 있다. 금년 들어 중국, 대만, 일본, 몽골, 우리나라까지 발생되어 이 질병의 위험성에 대하여 다시 한번 생각하게 하였다. 구제역의 재발방지를 위하여 최근 동북아시아 지역의 발생상황과 향후 구제역의 발생억제 또는 발생시 긴급 대응을 위하여 해야 할 일은 무엇인지 알아보자.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.572-576
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• 1997

Effect of anoxia treatment on alcohol fermentation in the placenta of oriental melons (Cucumis melo) at different developmental stages was studied. Results showed that fruits at the rapid growth stage (stage III) contained the lowest amount of acetaldehyde and ethanol as compared with fruits at other developmental stages. During anoxia treatment, a steady increase in ethanol content was observed in the placenta of oriental melons, regardless of their developmental stages, while the increment of acetaldehyde content was relatively small. Alcohol dehydrogenase in growing and maturing stage fruits showed increased activity with the maximum value at one day after the onset of anoxia treatment and then decreased gradually. An increase in the activity of pyruvate decarboxylase was also observed during anoxia.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2005

In the chemical laser system with a radial expansion nozzle array, the laser beam generation is achieved by mixing F atom from supersonic nozzle and $D_{2}$ molecule from holes of round-bended supply line. Based on that the fuel injection angle with main stream has a great influence of performance on supersonic combustor, the effects of $D_{2}$ injection angles with the main F flow on mixing enhancement are numerically investigated. The results are discussed by comparison with three cases of $D_{2}$ injection angles; $10^{o}$, $20^{o}$ and $40^{o}$ with the main flow direction. Major results reveal that as the $D_{2}$ injection angle increases, the maximum small signal gains and the static pressure in the laser cavity become higher. Consequently, the $D_{2}$ injection angle between $20^{o}$ and $40^{o}$ is recommended as an optimized geometric parameter in consideration of both of high gains and low cavity pressure.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.341-349
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• 1996

초기배의 성판정은 대상가축의 성을 선발하는 수단으로써 뿐만아니라 인간의 유전적 질병의 조기진단법으로서 매우 가치가 크다. 체외수정 소 초기배의 성을 결정하기 위해 PCR과 PRINS를 이용하였으며 성판정에 이용된 8 세포${\sim)$배반포기 초기배는 체외수정후 난관상피세포와의 공배양에 의해 생산되었다. 초기배 의 DNA는 $200{\mu}g/ml$ proteinase K가 함유된 PCR lysis buffer에 하나의 초기배를 부유한 후 $50^{\circ}C$에서 1시간동안 처리하여 준비하였다. 중기 염색체 spreads는 초기배를 nocodazole로 처리한 후 air-drying 방법을 이용하여 준비하였다. 가능한 false positive signals을 배제하기 위해 소특이 및 Y 염색체 특이 primers를 이용하여 PCR을 수행한 결과, 웅성 초기배에서는 두 개의 증폭산물 (소특이 및 Y 염색체 특이)이 합성된 반면 자성 초기배에서는 하나의 증폭산물만 합성되었다. 한편 중기염색체상의 Y 염색체를 동정하기 위해 FISH와 PRINS를 수행한 결과, FISH에서보다 PRINS에서 더 강한 Y 염색체 특이 형광 signals이 탐지되었다. 이러한 결과는 PCR에 의한 체외생산 소 초기배의 신속정확하고 효율적인 성판정이 가능함을 보여주었다. 또한 PRINS를 통해 PCR 에 이용된 Y 특이 probe의 신뢰성이 염색체 수준에서 확인되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.169-177
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• 1977

Plasma albumin and hemoglobin were purified from the blood of Rhabdophis tigrinus. Both purified proteins and R. tigrinus crude plasma were injected into rabbits. The resulting antisera were tested for reactivity with plasma albumin and hemoglobin from, eight species of squamate and four species of non-squamate-vertebrate. Reactivity was detected qualitatively by immunodiffusion tests and immunoelectrophoreses. Antisera against plasma albumin and crude plasma reacted only with R. tigrinus plasma albumin. No antigen-antibody reactions were detected in plasma albumins of other species. Antiserum against R. tigrinus hemoglobin reacted strongly with eight squamate hemoglobins. It is likely that the reptilian plasma albumin has been experiencing rapid structural change and the reptilian hemoglobin molecules seem to be of high homogeneity. Thus, by immunological evidences, the structure of the hemoglobin molecule is considered to have been changing at slower rate than that of the plasma albumin in reptiles.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.503-513
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning(significance) of improving early childhood music teaching classes while analyzing microteaching in small group mentoring process. Improvement on teaching was carried out in the form of fellow teacher mentoring made up of small groups of 4 members through microteaching analysis, and the research findings are as follows. First, it was discovered that a clear understanding of musical concepts and theories must take precedence for desirable teaching of early childhood music. Second, it could be confirmed whether musical concepts are well integrated with actual early childhood music teaching activities through small group mentoring. Third, in the process of small group mentoring using microteaching analysis, sympathy was found to be highly important in the improvement on early childhood music teaching by research participants.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2012

This paper reports the application of radiocarbon wiggle-matching for Korean wooden artifacts such as buildings and Buddhist statues for precise dating. Nine quinquennial (every five-year) samples of 41 years (AD 1250-1290) for AMS radiocarbon measurements were prepared from a wooden board used for the Main Hall at Jeongsusa (temple) in Kangwhado, Korea, which was dendrochronologically dated. The 95.4% confidence interval of radiocarbon dating prior to wiggle matching was 113.3 year in average. When wiggle-matching technique was applied, it became 20 years, 5.7 times smaller than that produced without wiggle matching. The results indicated that wiggle-matching technique using the calibration curve for northern hemisphere (IntCal04) can produce precise dates for Korean wooden artifacts, at least, for the $13^{th}$ century.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.14 no.1 s.35
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• pp.29-36
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• 2006

In the process of location selection, it is assumed that transformer substation socially recognized as a dangerous facility require especially more rigorous and resonable process. This paper implements suitability analysis for optimum location selection of transformer substation in southern Gyeonggi province using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) and spatial analysis of GIS in terms of safety, national land use, economical efficiency and environment preservation. To do this, necessary data from 1/5,000 digital map are extracted a s raster format for suitability analysis and a field investigation also was done. In the procedure of site selection, three candidate zones with 1.5km radius were selected for the whole research area and then through field survey low transformer sites were selected from candidate zones. In the last the appropriateness of selected sites was evaluated. The results of the suitability analysis showed that the first candidate site satisfied the location condition best and other candidate sites generally showed good location condition.