• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.195-204
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• 2004

A series of constant creep and repeated creep tests are performed to investigate the behavior of visco-elasto-plastic materials of chemical grouted sands. In the result of constant creep test, the material exhibits three types of shear strain : elastic, plastic, viscoelastic. The elastic, plastic and viscoelastic strains are linear, i.e., the strains are proportional to the stresses for loading. Good agreement is found between the predicted viscoelastic and test results by the power law and the generalized model. In the repeated creep test, the instantaneous recoverable strain is time-independent and the magnitude of accumulated plastic strain increases with number of cycles. Also it is seen that the accumulated plastic strains are approximately proportional to stress. There are no significant differences between test results predicted values for first cycle, and the differences increase relatively insignificantly with number of cycles.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.73-84
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• 2011

This is the fifth in a series of companion papers dealing with the dynamic hardening properties of various marine structural steels at intermediate strain rates. Five steps of strain rate levels (0.001, 1, 10, 100, 200/s) and three steps of temperature levels (LT ($-40^{\circ}C$), RT, and HT ($200^{\circ}C$)) were taken into account for the dynamic tensile tests of three types of marine structural steels: API 2W50 and Classifications EH36 and DH36. The total number of specimens was 180 pieces. It was seen that the effects of dynamic hardening became clearer at LT than at RT. Dynamic strain aging accompanying serrated flow stress curves was also observed from high temperature tests for all kinds of steels. The dynamic hardening factors (DHFs) at the two temperature levels of LT and RT were derived at the three plastic strain levels of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 from dynamic tensile tests. Meanwhile, no DHFs were found for the high temperature tests because a slight negative strain rate dependency due to dynamic strain aging had occurred. A new formulation to determine material constant D in a Cowper-Symonds constitutive equation is provided as a function of the plastic strain rate, as well as the plastic strain level. The proposed formula is verified by comparing with test flow stress curves, not only at intermediate strain rate ranges but also at high strain rate ranges.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.437-445
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• 2016

Recently, polyurethane foam has been used in various industry fields to preserve temperature environment of structures, and a wide range of loads from the static to the dynamic are imposed on the material during a life period. The biggest characteristic of polyurethane foam is porosity as being polymeric material, and it is generally known that insulation performance of the material strongly depends on internal void size. In addition, polyurethane foam's mechanical behavior has high dependence on strain rate and temperature as well as being highly non-linear ductile for compression. In the non-linear compressive behavior, volume fraction of voids and elastic modulus decrease as strain increases. Therefore, in this study, temperature-dependent viscoplastic-damage constitutive model was developed to describe the non-linear compressive behavior with the aforementioned features of polyurethane foam.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.141-146
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• 1995

In this study the plastic buckling analysis of a simply supported plate under biaxial compression/tension loading is carried out considering the plastic compressibility. Plastic buckling of a biaxially loaded rectangular plate is governed by two kinds of mechanism, the tension strengthening and plastic weakening under which the optimal combination of tension and compression is obtained for the buckling strength. To consider the plastic compressibility, the Drucker-Prayer plastic potential is employed. General eigenvalue equations are derived for a rectangular plate within the framework of small strain plasticity and isotropic hardening.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.257-260
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• 2011

마이크로 스케일에서 다결정 재료의 소성 거동을 살펴볼 때, 결정의 geometrically necessary dislocation(GND) 효과에 의한 소성 구배(plastic gradient)의 고려는 재료의 소성 거동에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 소성 구배의 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 다결정 고체(polycrystalline solids)의 거동을 유한요소해석을 이용하여 살펴보았다. 소성 구배의 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 구배 경화 계수(gradient hardness coefficient)와 먼 거리 변형률에 대한 재료 길이 변수(material length parameter)가 사용되었다. 재료 길이 변수의 영향을 살펴보기 위해, 재료 길이 변수의 차이에 따른 다결정 고체의 거동을 분석하였다. 또한 소성 구배 효과의 고려와 재료 길이 변수의 변화에 따라서 다결정 고체 내부에 위치한 단결정이 받는 영향을 살펴보았다. 재료 길이 변수에 따라 결정이 받는 영향을 비교하여, GND에 의한 다결정 고체 거동의 영향을 확인하였다.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.369-376
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• 2011

A non-quadratic anisotropic strain rate potential was introduced as a conjugate potential of the yield stress potential Yld2000-2d to describe anisotropic behavior of sheet metals, in particular, aluminum alloy sheets under plane stress state. This strain-rate potential takes into account the anisotropic yield stresses and R-values measured along the directions measured at 0, 45 and 90 degrees from the rolling direction, as well as the balanced biaxial yield stress and strain-rate ratio. The convexity of the strain-rate potential was completely proven. The strain-rate potential was applied for two anisotropic aluminum alloy sheets, AA6022-T4 and AA2090-T3. The results verified that the strain rate potential properly described the anisotropic behavior of aluminum alloy sheets and was closely conjugate of Yld2000-2d under the plane stress state.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.67-80
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• 2009

The basic concept of seismic design is to attain the ductility required in a design earthquake. This ductility can be obtained by providing sufficient lateral confinements to the plastic hinge regions of columns. The most cost-effective design might be derived by determining the proper amount of lateral confinement using a stress-strain relationship for confined concrete. Korean bridge design code requires the same amount of lateral confinement regardless of target ductility, but Japanese design code provides the stress-strain relationship of the confined concrete to determine the amount of lateral confinement accordingly. While design based on material characteristics tends to make the design process more involved, it makes it possible to achieve cost-effectiveness, which is also compatible with the concept of performance-based design. In this study, specimens with different numbers of lateral confinements have been tested to investigate the characteristics of the stress-strain relationship. Test results were evaluated, using several empirical equations to quantify the effects.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.19 no.4 s.74
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• pp.347-356
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• 2006

In this paper, practical nonlinear inelastic analysis method of 3-dimensional steel structures accounting for gradual yielding with fibers on a section is developed. Geometric nonlinearities of member(p-$\delta$) and frame(p-$\Delta$) are accounted for by using stability functions. Residual stresses are considered by assigning initial stresses to the fiber on the section. The elastic core in a section is investigated at every loading step to determine the axial and bending stiffness reduction. The strain reversal effect is captured by investigating the stress change of each fiber. The proposed analysis proves to be useful in applying for practical analysis and design of three-dimensional steel frames.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.363-375
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• 2015

This research investigated the effects of diameter and material of energy frame on the impact velocity or strain rate of Strain Energy Frame Impact Machine (SEFIM). The impact speed of SEFIM have been clearly affected by changing the diameter and material of the energy frame. The reduced diameter of the energy frame clearly increased the impact velocity owing to the higher strain at the moment of coupler breakage. And, titanium alloy energy frame produced the fastest speed of impact among three materials including steel, aluminum and titanium alloys because titanium alloy has faster wave velocity than steel. But, aluminium energy frame was broken during impact tests. In addition, the tensile stress versus strain response of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites at higher and wider strain rates between 10 and 72 /sec was successfully obtained by using four different energy frames.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.70-77
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• 1997

Welding is one of the most important and popular joining techniques employed in structures. In spite of, weld designs depend on the rules and regulations. Moreover, the study to optimize a shape of welding joint not may be sufficient and systematic on the theoretical and experimental sides. Therefore, in this study, a computer program based on thermal elasto plastic theory is developed for optimizing(minimizing) shape of weld joints. By the results, study is made on the characteristics of the distributions of welding residual stresses and plastic strains, and their production mechanisms. Also, Various kinds of tests are carried out to find out mechanical characteristics due to shape of weld joints. As a result of this optimization(minimization) of weld joints, the productivity and the reliability will be improved.