• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.240
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• pp.62-64
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• 2009

당뇨병성 신증이라 하면 임상적으로 당뇨병환자에서 염증이 없는 소변에서 단백뇨가 지속적으로 나타남을 의미하는 것이다. 이는 다른 신장질환이나 신부전증 등에 의하지 않고 당뇨병의 합병증으로 발생된 경우를 의미한다. 당뇨병환자의 25~50%가 신 질환을 갖게 되며 결국 투석이나 신장이식을 받게 된다. 20년 이상 기왕력을 가진 제 1형 당뇨병환자의 40~50%에서 당뇨병성 신증이 발생된다. 제 2형 당뇨병환자의 경우에는 임상적으로 문제시 되는 당뇨병성 신증 환자는 적게 발생되어 5~10%만 발생된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 2009

Purpose : Seizure associated with fever may indicate the presence of underlying inherited metabolic diseases. The present study was performed to investigate the presence of underlying metabolic diseases in patients with complex febrile seizures, using analyses of urine organic acids. Method : We retrospectively analyzed and compared the results of urine organic acid analysis with routine laboratory findings in 278 patients referred for complex febrile seizure. Results : Of 278 patients, 132 had no abnormal laboratory findings, and 146 patients had at least one of the following abnormal laboratory findings: acidosis (n=58), hyperammonemia (n=55), hypoglycemia (n=21), ketosis (n=12). Twenty-six (19.7 %) of the 132 patients with no abnormal findings and 104 (71.2%) of the 146 patients with statistically significant abnormalities showed abnormalities on the organic acid analysis (P<0.05). Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (n=23) were the most common diseases found in the normal routine laboratory group, followed by PDH deficiency (n=2) and ketolytic defect (n=1). In the abnormal routine laboratory group, mitochondrial respiratory chain disorder (n=29) was the most common disease, followed by ketolytic defects (n=27), PDH deficiency (n=9), glutaric aciduria type II (n=9), 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type III (n=6), biotinidase deficiency (n=5), propionic acidemia (n=4), methylmalonic acidemia (n=2), 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria (n=2), orotic aciduria (n=2), fatty acid oxidation disorders (n=2), 2-methylbranched chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (n=2), 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I (n=1), maple syrup urine disease (n=1), isovaleric acidemia (n=1), HMG-CoA lyase deficiency (n=1), L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (n=1), and pyruvate carboxylase deficiency (n=1). Conclusion : These findings suggest that urine organic acid analysis should be performed in all patients with complex febrile seizure and other risk factors for early detection of inherited metabolic diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.409-417
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• 2023

Purpose Patients with bladder cancer may show hematuria after radical cystectomy with ileal neobladder formation, causing anxiety regarding tumor recurrence. Here, we aim to show that the nutcracker syndrome (NCS) can be a cause of hematuria post-operation, and is a common, rather than a rare syndrome. Materials and Methods A retrospective review of contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT (CE-APCT) and urine analysis (UA) findings of 255 patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder formation between 2011 and 2016 was performed. In the CE-APCT review, the left renal vein flow patterns were evaluated to determine the presence of NCS findings. In the UA review, patients were classified according to the percentage of UA tests with positive hematuria among the total number of UA tests. Results CT findings of NCS were present in 31.9% of the 135 patients. In the positive hematuria group, there were 26% more patients with NCS findings than those without. Conclusion NCS findings are prevalent even for bladder cancer patients after surgery, and there is a strong correlation between NCS findings and hematuria. Furthermore, the prevalence of NCS findings is much higher than urinary tract recurrence after the surgery.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.357-366
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• 1993

Background: Lung clearance of inhaled $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA reflects alveolar epithelial permeability and it had been reported as more sensitive than conventional pulmonary function tests in detecting lung epithelial damage. However, measuring lung clearance of inhaled $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA by gamma camera may not always reflect alveolar epithelial permeability exactly because it is influenced by mucociliary clearance depending on the site of particle deposition. Moreover, this method takes much time and patient's effort because he has to sit or lie still in front of the camera for a prolonged period. Most of the absorbed DTPA is excreted in urine within 24 hours and the amount of excreted DTPA in urine during the first few hours after inhalation is influenced by absorption rate which is correlated with the alveolar-epithelial permeability suggesting that the urinary excretion, especially in first few hours, may be an alternate index for lung clearance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ratio of excreted $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA in 2 hour and 24 hour urine as an index of alveolar-epithelial damage. Methods: Pulmonary function tests including diffusing capacity and lung clearance of $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA measured by gama camera ($T_{1/2}$) and 2hr/24hr urine excretion ratio (Ratio) of inhaled $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA in 8 normal subjects and 14 patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease were compared. Results: 1) In the normal control, there was significant negative correlation between the $T_{1/2}$ and the Ratio (r=-0.77, p<0.05). In patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease, there also was significant negative correlation between $T_{1/2}$ and Ratio(r=-0.63, p<0.05). 2) In diffuse interstitial lung disease patients, the $T_{1/2}$ was $38.65{\pm}11.63$ min which was significantly lower than that of normal control, $55.53{\pm}11.15$ min and the Ratio was $52.15{\pm}10.07%$ also signifantly higher than that of the normal control, $40.43{\pm}5.53%$ (p<0.05). 3) There was no significant correlations between $T_{1/2}$ or Ratio and diffusing capactiy of lung in both patients and controls (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results suggests that 2hr/24hr urine excretion ratio of inhaled $^{99m}Tc$-DTPA is a useful simple bedside test in assessing alveolar epithelial permeability and that it may be used as an additive follow-up test in patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease complementing conventional pulmonary function tests.

• 건강소식
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.16-17
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• 2011

건강검진에서 혈압, 혈당과 더불어 빠지지 않는 항목이 바로 간 수치다. 흔히 간 수치가 높다 낮다 등으로 표현하는데, 정확한 의미를 아는 사람은 많지 않다. 간 수차(간 효소 수치)는 간이 얼마나 튼튼한지를 나타내는 척도다. 이 같은 간 수치를 알아보는 간 기능 검사는 1차적으로는 소변을 받고 혈액을 뽑으면 된다. 따라서 검사 전 금식은 필수다. 만약 1차 검사에서 이상이 발견되면 2차 혈액 검사를 진행하거나 종양표지자, 복부초음파, CT, MRI, 복강경, 복부혈관조영 등 다양한 방법으로 심층적인 검시를 진행한다. 간은 2/3가 손상돼도 정상기능을 유지하는 반면, 기능을 상실하기 전까지 이렇다 할 증상이 없어 질환을 알아차리기가 쉽지 않다. 그래서 간을 '침묵의 장기'라는 고약한 별칭이 따라붙는 이유다. 간 기능 검사를 통해 수시로 점검하는 길만이 최선이다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 2002

International Olympic Committee (IOC) prohibits the use of cyclofenil for male. To prove whether cyclofenil product was taken or not, the analytical method in urine using GC/MS was established. The extraction recoveries of cyclofenil and its metabolites were higher in the range of pH 5-9. Because the parent drug (cyclofenil) was not excreted in urine, metabolites were detected and theses were used as a criteria of cyclofenil dose. Therefore the metabolites were hydrolyzed, extracted at pH 9.6, derivatized with MSTFA and analyzed by GC/MS.

• Laboratory Medicine Online
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.64-66
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• 2011

Anti-Sd^a is of no clinical significance, because it rarely causes hemolytic transfusion reactions. Even when its presence is suspected during antibody screening test, further identification of the antibody is usually not performed. We experienced a case of anti-Sd^a in 73 yr-old male patient showing mixed field agglutination by microcolumn agglutination. Antibody specificity could not be identified by conventional antibody identification test, and it was proven to be anti-Sd^a by urine neutralization test. In spite of its little clinical significance, it may give incompatible crossmatching results reacting with Sd^a antigen, which occurs at a high frequency in general population. When incompatible crossmatch results arising from anti-Sd^a are suspected, the problem may be solved by using the urine-neutralized serum of in crossmatching test.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2015

In this paper, we have developed smart-phone App(application) for screening Dementia using bionic sensors, urine test and questionnaire. Since small amounts of urinary protein strongly predict faster cognitive decline in the elderly, smart-phone based urinalysis is adopted to screen dementia more accurately as well as bionic sensors such as $SpO_2$ and HRV(Heart Rate Variability). Firstly, DI(Dementia Index) is calculated from urinalysis, two bionic sensors and electric questionnaire, and then compared to the threshold from clinical test. Finally the results of Dementia screening is shown in your smart-phone and useful information to prevent or relieve Dementia is also given. We performed simple testing on persons aged over 60 and found out the proposed application can be useful devices for screening Dementia easily and quickly.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.115-120
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• 1984

To find clinical significance of routine "dipstick" urinalysis on admission, we analyzed the results of the "dipstick" urinalyses performed in 844 patients admitted to the pediatric department of Yeungnam University hospital from May 1, 1983 to October 31, 1984. Ketonuria, proteinuria, hematuria and glucosuria were found in 9.5%, 4.9%, 2.4% and 1.1% of the patients respectively. There were no significant differences by sex, age and presence of fever. However, proteinuria and ketonuria were found more frequently in the patients with dehydration (p<0.05). The degree of ketonuria showed a positive association w:th the severity of dehydration (p<0.005). All of the patients with proteinuria and ketonuria showed negative results on follow up. However, among 13 patients with hematura, 9 patients showed negative results and 4 patients had persistent hematuria on follow up. These 4 patients were found to have chronic pyelonephritis (2), asymptomatic urinary tract infection (1) and benign recurrent hematuria (1). This routine "dipstick" urinalysis on admission seems to be simple test which is useful in detecting unrecognized kidney and other urinary tract disease.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2004

Purpose: Membranoproliferative glomeulonephritis(MPGN) has been diagnosed in an increasing number of asymptomatic cases. These cases have been detected by school urinary screening test even though the total cases of MPGN show a decreasing trend. We have analyzed the clinical and pathological characteristics of children with MPGN according to the clinical manifestations at the time of disease presentation. Methods: A total of 18 patients who had been diagnosed with idiopathic MPGN by percutaneous renal biopsy from January 1990 to February 2004 were involved in our study. The patients were divided into 2 groups as the school urinary screening(A) group and the symptomatic(S) group according to the clinical manifestations at the time of disease presentation. Results: Out of the total 18 patients, 8(44.4%) were in the S group and 10(55.6%) were in the A group. The mean serum total protein, albumin and $C_3$ levels in the S group were significantly lower than those levels of the A group, respectively($4.9{\pm}1.2\;g/dL,\;vs\;7.0{\pm}0.5\;g/dL\;P=0.002,\;2.8{\pm}0.9\;g/dL\;vs.\;4.1{\pm}0.3\;g/dL\;P=0.002,\;63.9{\pm}36.4\;mg/dL\;vs.\;100.8{\pm}39.5\;g/dL\;P=0.041$). The mean total protein amount of 24 hour collected urine in the S group were significantly higher than that of the A group($3684.0{\pm}2601.3\;mg/m^2\;vs.\;559.4{\pm}4.6.9\;mg/m^2$, respectively, P=0.001). Hypocomplementemia was observed in 11(61.1%) out of 18 patients at the time of disease onset, 7(87.5%) in the S group and 4(40%) in the A group. However the hypocomplementemia was decreased in 6(33.3%) out of 18 patients at the time of final follow-up, 3(37.5%) in the S group and 3(30%) in the A group. According to the pathologic type, hypocomplementemia was observed 8 patients(61.5%) with type I disease, 1 patients (100%) with type II disease, 2 patients(50%) in type III disease at the disease onset, but 4 patients(30.8%) in type I disease, 1 patient(100%) in type II disease, 1 patient(33.3%) with type III disease at the time of last follow-up. The incidence of cellular crescent formation and tubular atropy. as observed on light microscopy, were higher in the S group compared to the A group. Mean grade of capillary wall thickening and, mesangial proliferation were significantly higher in the S group. Conclusion: MPGN, as diagnosed in patients with only asymptomatic urinary abnormalities, has been increasing, it is more frequent in asymptomatic patients than in patients with presenting symptoms. Our result suggests that MPGN should be considered in the renal biopsy diagnosis regardless of serum $C_3$ level when urinary abnormalities are found by school urinary screening test.