• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.217-222
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• 2002

The purposes of this study are to investigate the material characteristics and strength properties of concrete mixed with waste incinerated bottom ash(BA), and to evaluate the leaching of environmentally harmful heavy metals from the bottom ash itself and from hardened concrete mixed with bottom ash. For this purpose, two reference mixes with W/C ratios of 0.45 and 0.55 were used, and the replacement proportion of BA was varied with the ratios of 0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% by volume of fine aggregate in the reference mixes. The variation of compressive and splitting tensile strength, workability and unit weight of concrete were considered. Test results showed that the strengths, workability and unit weight decreased with increase in proportion of BA replaced. Leaching test results showed that there would be no environmentally harmful problem from using BA as the substitutes of fine aggregates in concrete.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1998

This study was to understand leaching characteristics with pH controlling agents and Temp. control, and investigate leaching characteristics with pH control from opening a leaching test to an end for reassessing leaching test of heavy metals with environmental conditions in landfill. Because leaching of heavy metals was increased in low pH, pH must control for leaching in existing leaching test. Generally, regulation time(6hr) of leaching was confirmed reasonablely, except for Cu in plating sludge. In pH controlling solution, there was nearly not difference between Acetic acid and HCl and if considering Cu, the former was appropriate. In a part of heavy metal, leaching rate was increased in high Temp., and normal Temp. in existing leaching test would be revaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.333-338
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the compressive strength properties of municipal waste ash hardening using the unrefined fly-ash and paper sludge ash and to offer basic data to someone for recycling municipal waste ash. Unrefined fly-ash and paper sludge ash are used with admixture. MWA are tested that grading, specific gravity and pH value and observed microsructure of particle with SEM. The compressive strengths of MWA hardening which is mixed with regular ratio according to each admixture are measured. In the results of test, fly-ash is very effective for reducing content of cement by 50% in the recycling of MWA. But proper content mixed paper sludge ash is recommend by about 20% in binder.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.773-776
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• 2005

MSWI ash is the residue from waste combustion processes at temperature between $850^{\circ}C\;and\;1000^{\circ}C$. And the main components of MSWI ash are $SiO_2,\;CaO\;and\;Al_2O_3$. The aim of this study is to find a way to useful application of MSWI ash(after treatment) as a structural material and to investigates the hydraulic activity, compressive strength development, composition variation of such chemicallyi-activated MSWI ashes concrete. And it was found that early cement hydration, followed by the breakdown and dissolving of the MSWI-ashes, enhanced the formation of calcium silicate hydrates(C-S-H), The XRD and SEM-EDS results indicate that, both the hydration degree and strength development are closely connected with a curing condition and a chemically-activator. Compressive strengths with values in the 40.5MFa were obtained after curing the activated MSWI ashes with NaOH+water glass at $90^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.190-195
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to use daily waste incinerated ash, which was reclaimed worthlessly, as substitutes of fine aggregates in concrete. Various kinds of admixture was utilized to strengthen the cement mortar mixed with waste incinerated ash, and altered the curing condition to diminish the rate of expansion. By the results of this experiment, it was possible to produce the lightweight concrete, charactered with the gravity below 1.5 and over 160kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ compressive strength by replacing all fine aggregates with waste incinerated ash. It was also observed that the low temperature curing condition, lessoned gas exhausts, was effective to increase the strength of cement mortar.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.257-262
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is grasping quality aggregate using Bottom Ash of Industrial Waste Incinerator, and is evaluating possibility of application as construction materials. Cement and Fly ash is used with binder of aggregates using bottom ash. It is tested for basic property and strength of artificial aggregates, and the results are compared with crushed stone and elution tests is done for environmental safety. In the results of tests, it is confirmed that basic property and strength are lowe than crushed stone but the aggregates have possibility of application as artificial lightweight aggregates. When it is manufactured with aggregates, it is sage environmentally because of protecting elution of harmful heavy metals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.65-68
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• 1999

A plasma melting system to vitrify ny ash from MSW(Municipal Solid Waste) incinerator has been operated in SHI(Samsung Heavy Industries) since 1996. Waste feeding rate was 200kg/hr. with maximum working power of 500㎾. Because of high melting temperature of fly ash, bottom ash was used as an additive to decrease melting temperature. Data analysis for discharged slag shows volume reduction up to 30% and no leaching of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr which were an obstacle for landfill and recycle. Atmospheric pollution gas like nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and PCDD/PCDF were restrained below the regulatory limit.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.186-190
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• 2003

유리고화체의 내구성과 조성에 관한 이 연구의 목적은 구조적 모델, 비가교 산소 모델(NBO) 및 간단한 경험적 모델(Valence-oxygen)과 함에 침출실험결과들을 비교하는 것이다. 조성에 기초한 모델들 사이의 연관성들은 이와 같은 모델들이 지질학적 유리와 제조된 유리의 관련성에 대해 유리고화체의 내구성을 설명할 수 있다는 것을 나타낸다 이러한 관계는 유리고화체의 장기간 내구성을 결정하는데 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 모델을 통한 유리고화체의 조성에 의한 실험결과에의 영향성을 검토하였다 9$0^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 수행된 PCT 침출시험을 대상으로 모델들을 비교하였으며 Ash Loading wt%가 증가할수록 망목형성이온이 증가하기 때문에 침출농도 및 침출분율이 감소하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었으며, VO model의 변수 값이 증가할수록 주요 유리매질의 침출분율은 완만한 기울기를 가지며 감소하다. 금속류의 침출분율은 VO model의 변수 값이 감소함에 따라 대체적으로 증가함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.52-55
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.133-135
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• 2004

1. 침출수 수질 조사결고, pH는 $3.7\~5.0,\;COD_{Mn}$은 $760\~1,800mg/\ell,\;NO_3-N\;26.124\~78.150mg/\ell,\;NH_3-N$는 $144.5\~350mg/\ell,\;Cl^-$는 $13272.0\~34137.0mg/\ell$,는 $450\~1620mg/\ell$, SS는 $81.2\~652.7mg/\ell$, T-N은 $228\~430mg/\ell$, T-P는 $0.921\~1.108mg/\ell$로 분석되었으며, 중금속류는 거의 검출되지 않았다. 2. 지하수 수질조사결과, 수질상태는 지하수를 생활용수, 농업용수, 어업용수 및 공업용수로 이용하는 수질기준을 모두 만족시키고 있으며, 또한 분석을 실시한 항목에 대한 전조사지점이 대장균군을 제외한 수질조사 항목의 먹는 샘물기준을 만족시키고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 3. 토양오염도 조사결과, 농경지 및 산업지역의 토양오염 우려기준을 크게 밑도는 것으로 분석되어 대상 매립지에서 발생하는 침출수 및 소각재 등의 주변지역 토양오염에 미치는 영향은 미약한 것으로 추정된다.