• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.435-439
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• 1994

채종 후 성숙한 인삼 종자 배유에서 cellulase의 국재를 rabbit anti-cellulase와 protein A-gold를 사용한 면역세포화학적 방법을 이용하여 확인하였다. Cellulase의 immunogold particle이 전자밀도가 높은 단백질체와 배유세포벽 주변부에 나타났다. 또한 금입자가 세포벽에 균일하게 분포하였고, 제형층에 접한 분해과정 중의 배유세포벽을 따라 나타났다. 그러나 세포벽의 섬유성 물질과 배유세포의 분해물질로 구성된 제형층에서는 금입자가 관찰되지 않았다.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1976

An electron microscopic study has been made of the effects of change of cell structure of Escherichia coli treated with several disinfectants. The alterations observed as follows: 1. Nucleoid, cytoplasm which contain ribosomes and cell wall appeared to be composed of a parallel triple. layered membrane can observed in control Escherichia coli. 2. The nuclear material was no longer demonstrable in its normal sites. The cytoplasm lost its granularity, became homogeneous and disruption of cell wall were observed by the treatment with 70% ethyl alcohol and 3% $H_2O_2$. 3. Aggregation of ribosomes and condensation of nuclear material were also observed by the treatment of 5% lysol solution and 1% dodecyl-diamino-ethyl-glycin-hydrochloride. 4. In autoclaved group, the each layer of cell wall was separated and destroyed in some sites where cytoplasm was extracted.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.350-354
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• 1998

This paper was investigated to changes of cell components during drying for studies on the softening of jujube fruits. The contents of alcohol-insoluble material, cell wall and water-soluble material were not changed at 6 days of drying, but alcohol-insoluble materials and cell wall were decreased at 9 days of drying, however water-soluble materials were increased. Pectin and hemicellulose were not changed at 6 days of drying. Pectin and alkali-soluble hemicellulose were remarkable decreased at 9 days of drying, but acid-soluble hemicellulose was increased. Water-soluble pectin was not changed at 6 days of drying, but increased at 9 days of drying. EDTA-soluble and insoluble pectin were decreased after 6 days of drying. The non-cellulosic neutral sugars were not changed at 6 days of drying. The contents of arabinose, galactose and total neutral suger were decreased at 9 days of drying.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 1991

Two cell types, tip cells and hyphal cells, were found at the front of Cuscuta australis endophyte growing into the stem parenchyma of the host plant, Trifolium repens. Each tip cell developed into an elongate, filamentous hypha. The cells of both types possessed a dense cytoplasm including abundant organelles and enlarged nuclei with the deeply lobed envelope. The unevenly thick walls were observed in certain tip cells. The wall penetrated through the middle lamellae of the host cells and engulfed the debris of broken host cells. Some front cells had the plasmalemma-wall invaginations, which increased the surface area and would facilitate material uptake from the host No plasmodesmata between the host and parasite cells were found; instead, an apoplastic continuity was established by fused cell walls at the interface of the two partners. The apoplast was thought to be the main route for water and nutrients transport.nsport.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 2004

We studied active substances like crude cell wall components, crude protein, composing amino acids and free amino acids including orinithine cycle-related amino acids such as asparagine, ornithine and citrullin in fully ripe fruits of Korean native squash, Cucurbita moschata Poir. Crude protein content of 'Jeju 2' was the highest with $2,830\;{\mu}g/g$, while 'Sangju' was the lowest with $1,319\;{\mu}g/g$. Regarding the contents of crude cell wall components, fruit 'Kanghaw' was the highest with 2,961 mg% while 'Namhea' was the lowest with 1,582 mg%. Pectin contents of crude cell wall components were the highest in 'Kanghaw' (2,198 mg%) followed by 'Jeju 2' (2,178 mg%) and 'Jeju l' (1,461 mg%). The main contents of amino acids in squash were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine and valine, which comprised to be more than 50% of total amino acid contents. Especially, in 'Jeju 2' aspartic acid and threonine were not detected. In fully ripe fruits, a total of 34 kinds of free amino acids were detected including 8 kinds of essential amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, methionine, threonine and valine). More than 50% of the total free amino acids were aspartic acid and asparagine, and also all varieties were detected in ornithine, citrullin, and arginine, which are related to Ornithine cycle. There was a big difference in the contents of arginine in all varieties whereas the contents of ornithine and citrullin were very similar. 'Teaan' 29.34% was 7 times higher than 'Namhea' 4.30% in regards to arginine contents.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.250.2-250.2
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• 2010

빛과 공기 중의 이산화탄소를 고정화하여 생성되는 바이오매스(biomass)로부터 다양한 에너지 및 물질을 생산하는 연구는 석유고갈과 환경문제 해결의 한 방안으로서 활발히 진행되어 왔으며, 앞으로도 그 지속 가능성과 환경 친화성에 의해 바이오에너지 이용 및 보급은 꾸준한 증가세를 보일 것으로 전망된다. 바이오디젤, 바이오에탄올의 경우는 미국, 브라질, EU, 한국 등에서 상용화되어 사용되고 있으며 그 생산량이 계속적으로 증가하고 있다. 하지만, 바이오연료의 보급 증가는 식량 자원과의 충돌과 열대우림 파괴 등의 부작용을 일으키고 있다. 이러한 문제 해결의 일환으로 단위면적당 생산성이 대두, 유채보다 월등한 것으로 보고되는 미세조류에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있으며 우수 미세조류종 개발, 미세조류 고속배양 및 수확, 미세조류로부터 에너지 및 유용물질, 소재 생산에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 미세조류로부터 바이오디젤 원료유를 생산하기 위해 Soxhlet을 이용한 추출 방법을 이용하였다. 추출되는 오일은 사용 용매의 극성에 따라 물성과 추출 효율에 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 강한 극성의 용매일 경우, 엽록소와 단백질이 같이 추출되는 문제가 있으며 약한 극성 용매는 세포벽의 방해로 용매가 세포내부로 흡수되지 못하는 문제가 있다. 추출 효율이 높은 극성용매의 경우 불순물을 제거해야 고순도의 바이오디젤의 생산이 가능하고 비극성 용매는 추출 오일의 물성은 좋으나 수율이 매우 낮게 측정되었다. 이러한 동시추출을 방지함과 동시에 추출 효율을 높이기 위해 본 연구에서는 세포벽 파괴 후 용매추출하는 방법으로서 미세조류를 Microwave에 노출시켜 오일 추출율을 증가시키는 전처리 연구를 수행하였다. 전처리시, Microwave에 의한 열 발생은 미세조류를 탄화시키기 때문에 열매체로서 물을 혼합하여 탄화를 방지하고 세포벽 내외부의 가열효과로 세포벽을 파괴하고자 하였다. Microwave에 의한 에너지 손실을 줄이며 세포벽 파괴에 효과적인 수분혼합비를 조사하였으며 Microwave에 노출 후 잔류수분을 건조하고 효율적으로 용매를 접촉시키기 위해 분쇄를 수행하였다. 모든 전처리 반응을 거친 미세조류에서 약 2배 증가된 추출수율을 얻을 수 있었으며, SEM을 통해 전처리 미세조류와 미전처리 미세조류를 분석해본 결과 전처리 미세조류의 다공성이 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한, 90%의 메탄올에 미세조류를 녹여 엽록소 함유량을 측정한 결과, 전처리 미세조류의 엽록소가 미전처리 미세조류보다 약 7배가량 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.522-526
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• 1999

Bactericidal effects of chitosans with varying molecular weight $(10,000{\sim}170,000)$ were investigated for Streptococcus mutans, a primary causative bacterium of dental caries. The molecular weight of chitosan was a significant contributor to the bactericidal effect, and a chitosan having approximately 30,000 of molecular weight exhibited the highest bactericidal effects on S. mutans. Treatment of chitosan resulted in leaking intracellular protein and nucleic acid out of S. mutans cells. In addition, the divalent cations such as $Ca^{2+}\;and\;Mg^{2+}$ were also significantly released out of the cell. Visible damage of chitosan treated cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in which the cell wall was notably distorted and cytoplasmic membrane was separated from the cell wall. The results suggested that the bactericidal effect of chitosan on S. mutans was attributable to both leakage of intracellular materials and structural disintegration of cell wall.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 1991

This study is performed to investigate the relation between cell components and hardness which affect to the quality of dried persimmons. Moisture contents of dried persimmons were interrange of 30 to 36%. Enpung Junsi (EJ), Dungsi (Young dong) (DY) and Haman Susi (HS) had higher moisture contents than Dungsi (Sang Ju) (DS), Kojongsi (KS) and Hagakure (HK). Hardness was high in the varieties which has low moisture content such as DS, KS and HK. The significant differences of hardness and fracturability among varieties were appeared conspicuously but those of cohesiveness, adhesiveness and springiness were not appeared. Crude cell wall content, pectin and calcium content of cell wall were high in hard varieties. In the pectin fractions, water soluble pectin content was high in EJ, HS and DY but that of acid and alkali soluble pectin were high in DS, KS and HK. The cell wall of high hardness varieties observed thick and firm than that of low hardness varieties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.89-89
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.162-163
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• 2001

기질농도, HRT, 온도, pH, $Ca^{2+}$ 농도변화에 따른 반응기의 생물막형성과 세포외고분자물질의 조성변화에 따른 기질 제거율을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 반응기의 초기 생물막 형성은 각 조건에 따라서 약간의 차이를 보였다. 반응기 운전 초기에 균에 의해 생산된 세포외고분자물질은 점액질의 형태로 세포벽에 부착되어 주위환경의 해로운 요인으로부터 세포를 보호하는 기능을 가지고 있어 생물막 형성을 촉진시키는 역할을 하였으나, 생물막이 안정화된 후에는 오히려 생물막의 산소투과와 영양분의 접촉을 떨어뜨리는 역할을 하여 기질 제거율을 저하시키는 작용을 하는 것으로 나타났다.