• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the condition of feminine hygiene behaviors to identify factors predicting bacterial vaginosis infection. Methods: A self-reporting survey was conducted with 385 female university students in Korea through a descriptive survey. Data were collected on demographics, feminine hygiene behaviors, and bacterial vaginosis infection. Results: The bacterial vaginosis infection rate was 37.9%. Factors predicting bacterial vaginosis infection were grade, age of menarche, history of sexual intercourse, history of sexually transmitted infection, experience of using a bidet, internal douche during menses, over the counter drug anti-itch products, tampons, and tampons/pads combination. Conclusion: To prevent bacterial vaginosis infection among female university students, information and education should be provided to promote positive feminine hygiene behaviors at the university and at home. Results of this study are essential to improve education and practices that will prevent bacterial vaginosis in female university students.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.145-149
• /
• 2001

A pathogenic bacterium was isolated from galls on Wistaria floibunda at Jinryang of Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, Korea in May, 2000. This bacterium was cultured and tested for pathogenicity on the host. Also its morphological and physiological characteristics were examined. Inoculation with the bacterium isolated from the gall caused the same symptoms as those under natural conditions. On the basis of bacteriological characteristics and pathogenecity on the host plant of the organism, the causal bacterium was identified as Pantoea agglomerans pv. milletiae. This is the first report of this bacterium to occur on W. floribunda plant in Korea. Therefore we proposed to name the disease as "bacterial gall of Wistaria floribunda" by P. agglomerans pv. milletiae.milletiae.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.689-701
• /
• 2013

Bacterial growth and corresponding consumption of carbon and phosphorus were examined in which tap water samples containing a very low concentration of free chlorine were supplemented with organic carbon and/or phosphorus. The experiments were performed in a fed-batch mode under a controlled temperature of $20^{\circ}C$. In the phosphorus alone-added water, there was no significant increase in bacterial numbers measured as heterotrophic plate count (HPC) in the bulk water. However, bacterial growth was stimulated by the addition of carbon (e.g., bulk HPC levels increased to $10^3CFU/mL$) and further stimulated by the combined addition of carbon and phosphorus (e.g., bulk HPC to $10^5CFU/mL$). The same effects were observed in biofilm HPC and biomass formed on polyethylene (PE) slide surfaces. In the water where organic carbon and phosphorus were added together, the highest biofilm HPC and biomass (measured as extracellular polymeric substance components) densities were observed which were $7.6{\times}10^5CFU/cm^2$ and $5.3{\mu}g/cm^2$, respectively. In addition to the bacterial growth, additions of organic carbon and/or phosphorus resulted in different bacterial carbon-to-phosphorus (C/P) consumption ratios. Compared to a typical bacterial C/P consumption ratio of 100:1, a higher C/P ratio (590:1) occurred in the carbon alone-added water, while a lower ratio (40:1) in phosphorus alone-added water. Comparative value (80:1) of C/P ratio was also observed in the water where organic carbon and phosphorus were added together. At the given experimental conditions, bacterial growth was deemed to be more sensitive to microbially available organic carbon than phosphorus. The effect of phosphorus addition, which resulted in a lower C/P consumption ratio, seemed to be tightly associated with the presence of microbially available organic carbon. These results suggested that the control of extrinsic carbon influx seemed to be more important to minimize bacterial regrowth in drinking water system, since even low content of phosphorus naturally occurring in drinking water was enough to allow a bacterial growth.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.128-136
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to define clinical characteristics of fever without localizing signs (FWLS) in infants younger than 100 days of age with a goal of providing baseline data to establish a new diagnostic paradigm in the future. Methods: We reviewed medical records of 183 patients who admitted to Daegu Catholic University Medical Center for FWLS younger than 100 days of age from January 2013 to September 2015 retrospectively. Demographic, clinical features and laboratory findings were analyzed. Patients were divided into serious bacterial infection (SBI) and non-SBI groups, and then were compared between two groups to find risk factors for SBI. Results: Among 183 patients, lumbar puncture was performed in 98.9% and CSF pleocytosis was present in 35.9%. Sterile CSF pleocytosis was found in 43% of urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. None had concomitant bacterial meningitis in patients with UTI. As final diagnosis, febrile syndrome without source (25.7%) was most common. Among SBI, UTI was most common (99%). Birth weight, ESR, and CRP were significantly higher in SBI group compared to non-SBI group. Male sex (OR 4.93, 95% CI 1.60-15.24) and pyuria (OR 18.88, 95% CI 6.76-52.76) were identified as risk factors for SBI. Presence of sibling (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.83) was significantly lower in SBI group. Conclusions: Our results showed UTI was the most common SBI in young infants with FWLS. Though aseptic meningitis can be coexisting with UTI, lumbar puncture may not be necessary in all patients having UTI.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.33-48
• /
• 2007

목적 : 본 연구에서는 한국인 소아의 침 및 성인의 질부로부터 분리한 1367개의 유산 생성 균주 중 4가지의 장내 병원성 세균;Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157에 대해 발육억제 효과를 나타내는 유산 균주를 분리하고 분리된 균주의 Probiotic으로서의 가능성을 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 네 가지 병원성 세균을 대상으로 agar spot test와 Catalse test를 시행하여 1367개 균주 중 최종적인 실험대상 균주를 선정하였다. 최종 선정된 유산균과 네 가지 병원성 세균을 혼합 배양하여 병원성 세균증식 억제 효과를 보았다. 또한 최종균주의 probiotic으로서의 가능성을 확인하기 위해 균을 동정하고 내산성 등 몇 가지 특성을 관찰하였다. 결과 : Agar spot test 결과 전체의 15.7%에 해당하는 215 균주가 MRSA에 대해 억제 효과를 나타내었으며 215 균주 중 9.8%에 해당하는 21 균주가 L. monocytogenes에도 동시에 억제효과를 나타냈다. 이들 균주 중 가장 탁월한 효과를 보인 Lb 1250을 실험 대상 균주로 선정하였다. Lb(Lactobacillus) 1250과 상술한 병원성 세균을 각각 혼합 배양하면 Lb 1250 존재 하에서 MRSA의 증식은 $10^4$배 억제되었으며, L. monocytogenes는 $10^3$배의 억제 효과를 보였다. 그러나 S. typhimurium, E. coli O157에 대해서는 아주 미약한 효과를 나타냈다. Lb 1250의 몇 가지 특성을 조사한 결과 Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii로 동정되었으며, 이는 $H_{2}O_2$를 잘 생산해 내는 균주이었다. 또한 이 균주는 우유에서 curd를 약하게 생성하며 이 curd의 향은 달콤하고 최종 pH가 4.6까지 감소하였으며, pH 2와 같은 강산의 조건하에서 배양한 결과 2시간 후에도 상당한 생존도를 유지하였다. 결론 : 이상의 결과에서 Lb 1250은 병원성 세균의 성장을 억제함을 관찰하였고, probiotic으로서의 이용가능성을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.245-254
• /
• 1993

Distribution and variation of bacterial densities of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) and Enterobacteriaceae in the water supply systems comprising raw, treated, and three tap water samples of a water treatment plant in Seoul were studied 23 times from 1991 to 1992. HPC bacteria of raw. treated, and tap waters on $R_{2}A$ agar media were at a density of $1.22{\times}10^{3} to 3.05{\times}10^{5}$, $1.50{\times}10^{1} to 4.29{\times}10^{3}$ and 2 to $5.41{\times}10^{3}$ cfu/ml, respectively. Densities of Enterobacteriaceae in raw, treated, and tap waters on mENDO-LES agar media ranged from 0.] to 8200 cfu/ml, 0 to 17.5 cfu/JOO mI. and 0 to 47.5 cfu/IOO ml, respectively. Injured Enterobacteriaceae of treated and tap waters on m-T7 agar media were at a density of o to 27 and 0 to 35 cfu/100 mI. These results showed that the density of bacteria in the treated water outflowing from the water plant significantly increased as the water flowed along the distribution sytems, which is so-called bacterial regrowth. The predominant bacteria] types in the water supply system were Pw'udomonas and Acinerobacter. In raw water, the ratio of Pseudomonas was higher than that of Acinetobaeter, but in treated and tap waters. both ratios were reversed. The most predominant species of Enterobacteriaceae was Enterobacter agglomerans. Some species such as Citrobacter freundii. Escherichia coli. Klebsiella pneumoniae. and Shigella dysenteriae which are opportunistic pathogens or pathogens were not found in the treated water but additionally detected in tap waters.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.313-319
• /
• 2004

The distribution and characteristics of acidotolerant heterotrophic and naphthalene-degrading bacteria were investigated in two forest areas, one near Ulsan petrochemical industrial complex (Sunam) and the other in countryside (Daeam). Average values of soil pH at Sunam and Daeam were 3.8 and 4.6, respectively. When het­erotrophic and naphthalene-degrading bacteria were enumerated by most probable number (MPN) procedures at Sunam, the median values of heterotrophs growing at pH 7.0 and pH 4.0 were $5.3{\times}10^7\;and\;3.3{times}10^7$ MPN/g, whereas those of naphthalene-degraders were $5.6{\times}10^4\;and\;4.0{times}10^5$ MPN/g, respectively. While the medians of heterotrophs at Daeam were larger than those at Sunam, the concentrations of naphthalene-degraders were higher at Sunam compared to those at Daeam. From the MPN tubes and enrichment cultures, we obtained 17 isolates of naphthalene-degraders which were identified as Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Brevundimonas vesic­ularis, Burkholderia cepacia, Ralstonia pickettii, Pseudomanas fluorescens, and Chryseomonas luteola. Among them, 6 isolates showed higher naphthalene-degrading activity on minimal media of pH 4 compared to pH 7, whereas the extent of growth was not greater at pH 4 than at pH 7 when they were inoculated on nutrient-rich media. It is plausible that the pH may affect naphthalene-degrading activity of the isolates by changing fatty acid composition of bacterial membrane.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.28 no.12
• /
• pp.1529-1535
• /
• 2018

The number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is increasing rapidly while the discovery rate of new antibiotics is in decline. A systematic study is therefore necessary to investigate which bacteria are resistant to medically important antibiotics and how high that resistance is. To that end, this study aimed to analyze which bacteria demonstrated resistance to ampicillin, one of the currently most-widely used medical antibiotics. Water samples were collected from the Changwon-Cheon that runs through Changwon City and from the pond in front of the dormitory building at Changwon University. Hundreds of ampicillin-resistant colonies were obtained and 22 morphologically distinct examples were chosen for further study. These bacteria were identified by amplifying their 16S rRNA genes and comparing those sequences with data in GenBank. The bacteria was identified as belonging to 10 families, 12 genera, and 17 species, and all were able to grow in the presence of $50{\mu}g/ml$ ampicillin while seven showed growth at ampicillin concentrations as high as 1.5 mg/ml.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2000

In order to characterize the genetic diversity of bacterial community in groundwater, samples were collected from used for drinking water and polluted with heavy metal wastewater in Seoul city and natural cave of Kangwondo. The DNA was amplified with 165 rDNA-based primers by use of the PCR, and then analysed ARDRA (amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis). Restriction endonuclease analysis patterns of amplified 165 rDNA in drinking water and wastewater relatively showed high genetic diversity in situ and drinking groundwater. The number of DNA fragments varied with in situ and drinking water. This method of ARDRA of bacterial communities in groundwater could be used for a quick assessment of genotypic changes between different locations reflecting different environmental conditions and the diversity reflected pollution of groundwater (natural cave water>drinking water>waste water, as in order of grade). [Genetic diversity, Groundwater, 165 rDNA, PCR, ARDRA].

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.445-447
• /
• 2006