• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2006

세계적인 환경 보호 정책에 따라 할로겐화탄소 냉매를 대체할 환경 친화적인 초저온 냉매의 개발과 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 일반적으로 캐스캐이드 2원 냉동 시스템에서 아직까지 할로겐화탄소 냉매가 널리 사용되고 있다. 탄화수소 화합물의 한 종류인 에탄은 낮은 지구 온난화 지수와 낮은 오존층 파괴지수를 가진 친 환경적인 자연 냉매이다. 본 연구는 지구 온난화 지수가 높은 R-23 냉매와 비교하여 캐스캐이드 2원 냉동 시스템에서 에탄의 성능 시험을 목적으로 수행 하였다. 1원측에는 R-22를 사용하였으며, 증발 온도에 따른 성능은 R-23 보다 에탄(R-170)이 더 높게 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.450.1-450.1
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• 2014

열에너지를 전기에너지로 변환하거나 또는 전기에너지를 열에너지로 직접 변환하는 열전 변환 기술이 주목받고 있다. 열전 변환 효율은 성능지수($ZT={\alpha}^2{\sigma}T{\kappa}^{-1}$)로 평가되며, 여기서 ${\alpha}$, ${\sigma}$, ${\kappa}$, T는 각각 열전재료의 제벡계수, 전기전도도, 열전도도 및 절대온도이다. 따라서 우수한 열전재료는 높은 제벡계수와 전기전도도 그리고 낮은 열전도도를 가져야 한다. Bismuth telluride는 상온영역에서 성능지수가 높은 재료로서, $Bi_2Te_3$에 $Bi_2Se_3$와 고용체를 형성하면 원자의 치환으로 포논산란에 의해 열전도도가 낮아지고, 도핑으로 전기적 특성을 조절하여 성능지수를 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 진공밀폐 용해법으로 $Bi_2Te_{2.85}Se_{0.15}:I_m$ (m=0.0~0.045) 고용체를 합성하여 상분석을 실시하고, 전자 이동특성 및 열전 특성을 평가하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.598-600
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• 2005

군집 유효화 평가란 기본적으로 클래스 (Class)에 대한 정보가 주어지지 않은 상태에서 다양한 입력 변수에 의해 발생되는 군집화의 결과들을 평가하여 그들 중에서 주어진 데이터 집합의 자연적인 분할 상태에 가장 적합한 결과를 찾는 기법을 말한다. 군집 유효화 평가에서 그 척도로 사용되는 것이 군집 유효화 지수이다. 본 논문에서는 우선 현존하는 다양한 군집 유효화 지수들 중에서 합 형식을 가지는 지수들을 다룬다. 구체적으로 이 지수들의 설계 원리와 각 지수들의 부합성 (Compliance) 분석한다. 다음으로 분석을 통해 밝혀진 그들의 단점을 보완할 수 있는 새로운 군집 유효화 지수들을 제안한다. 마지막으로 기존의 군집 유효화 지수들을 포함한 새로이 제안한 지수들의 성능을 실험 학습을 통해 평가한다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.2A
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• pp.351-361
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• 2006

In this study, nonlinear finite element analysis procedures are presented for the seismic performance assessment of circular reinforced concrete bridge piers with confinement steel. This paper defines a damage index based on the predicted hysteretic behavior of a circular reinforced concrete bridge pier. Damage indices aim to provide a means of quantifying numerically the damage in circular reinforced concrete bridge piers sustained under earthquake loading. The proposed numerical method is applied to circular reinforced concrete bridge piers with confinement steel tested by the authors. The proposed numerical method gives a realistic prediction of seismic performance throughout the loading cycles for several test specimens investigated.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.133-141
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• 2017

Traffic volume increases according to highway expansion and industrial development which causes repetitive defect and durability degradation on pavement. The research of quality assurance system used abroad has introduced Korea. Korea Expressway Corporation (KEC) has developed a Quality Performance Index (QPI) that quantitatively assesses the level of quality of the final product, and practical applications. Assessment factor on concrete pavement consisted of pavement thickness, compressive strength, IRI and spacing factor. Assessment factor on concrete pavement is determined by empirical evaluation factor from abroad. In this study, analysis of evaluation factors of concrete pavement by using pavement life prediction simulation and measured data were evaluated with consideration of feasibility of the assessment factor. Pavement life, performance and durability are affected by pavement thickness, compressive strength, IRI and spacing factor in assessment factor on concrete pavement, QPI.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.152-155
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• 2013

In this paper, the reduction of the figure of merit depending on the increased spill-over when the parabolic reflector is cut off partially for low-profile configuration in the satellite broadcast receiving antenna is analyzed. Also for the accurate analysis and simulation, it is considered that the noise temperature is increased due to the effect of ground thermal noise toword the sidelobes and back lobes when the antenna is tracked from $0^{\circ}$ to $60^{\circ}$ in elevation angle, and that the total noise temperature is increased because to the noise figure of LNA. As the results, noise temperature is increased up to about 15K and G/T ratio is decreased to about 2.5dB, when the reflector is cut 35% off partially.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.179-189
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• 2008

The object of this study is to develope a program with proposed numerical techniques for an optimal seismic control of structures using active tendon systems. Ricatti closed-loop algorithm has been applied to control the active tendon systems with time-delay problem. The optimal control is formulated as an optimization problem which is finding optimal weighting matrices by minimizing the quadratic performance index by SUMT. In order to find the optimal location of active tendons in structures, controllability index has been introduced. From numerical examples, the current optimal control technique with optimal location of tendons was suitable to control the seismic response of structures.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.313-316
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• 2009

관계형 데이터베이스를 사용하는 응용시스템들은 어플리케이션 소스 코드에 내재된 SQL을 통하여 데이터를 액세스하게 되며, SQL을 통한 데이터베이스 액세스 성능은 응용시스템의 성능에 결정적인 영향을 미치기 때문에, 관계형 데이터베이스시스템의 튜닝에 대해서는 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 데이터베이스시스템 튜닝을 통해 얻은 성능 수준은 응용시스템의 변경이나 데이터 저장량 증가 등 여러 요인에 의해 다시 저하될 수 있으며, 이와 같은 성능 수준의 변화를 정량적으로 관리하면서 최소 비용으로 성능 수준을 유지할 수 있도록 튜닝 시점을 결정하는 방법에 대한 연구는 현재까지 연구된 바가 없다. 이 논문에서 제시하는 DB 성능지수와 이를 이용한 데이터베이스시스템의 성능관리 모델은 특정 벤더에 종속되지 않고 성능수준을 정량화함으로써 이해관계자들에게 성능 수준의 변화를 가시적으로 보이고 데이터베이스 관리자의 성능관리 및 튜닝 시점 판단을 지원하여 일정 수준의 성능을 유지할 수 있는 방법으로 활용될 수 있다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3A
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

Structural design requires simultaneously to ensure safety by considering quantitatively uncertainties in the applied loadings, material properties and fabrication error and to maximize economical efficiency. As a solution, system reliability-based design optimization (SRBDO), which takes into consideration both uncertainties and economical efficiency, has been extensively researched and numerous attempts have been done to apply it to structural design. Contrary to conventional deterministic optimization, SRBDO involves the evaluation of component and system probabilistic constraints. However, because of the complicated algorithm for calculating component reliability indices and system reliability, excessive computational time is required when the large-scale finite element analysis is involved in evaluating the probabilistic constraints. Accordingly, an algorithm for SRBDO exhibiting improved stability and efficiency needs to be developed for the large-scale problems. In this study, a more stable and efficient SRBDO based on the performance measure approach (PMA) is developed. PMA shows good performance when it is applied to reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) which has only component probabilistic constraints. However, PMA could not be applied to SRBDO because PMA only calculates the probabilistic performance measure for limit state functions and does not evaluate the reliability indices. In order to overcome these difficulties, the decoupled algorithm is proposed where RBDO based on PMA is sequentially performed with updated target component reliability indices until the calculated system reliability index approaches the target system reliability index. Through a mathematical problem and ten-bar truss problem, the proposed method shows better convergence and efficiency than other approaches.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate flame retardant performance, thermal stability and toxicity of combustion gases for some commercial wallpapers. ID evaluate flame retardant performance 45 degree combustion experiment method was used and thermal stability was evaluated using DSC and TGA apparatus (OSC-50/Shimadzu, TGA2050/TA Instruments Inc) . Concentrations of CO, $CO_2$, HCN and HCI were measured with (GASTEC/Japan, MSA400 Gas Monitor/Infitron Inc) and toxicity indices using NIST N-Gas Model were applied to evaluate the toxicity of combustion gases. The evaluation produced the following results : First, paper cork and PVC wallpaper treated with flame retardants were found to be suitable for flame retardant performance standards. Second, paper, cork and PVC wallpaper non-treated with flame retardants were shown to be relatively more hazardous because they had greater calorific values and a faster decomposition time than the flame retardant treated wallpapers. Third, the toxicity indices of non-treated wallpapers were found to be higher than those of treated wallpapers, and the toxicity index of PVC wallpapers was higher than those of paper and cork wallpapers.