Browse > Article

A Study on Total Fire Risk Assessment of Wallpapers  

박미라 (인제대학교 보건안전공학과)
김광일 (인제대학교 보건안전공학과)
김태구 (인제대학교 보건안전공학과)
Publication Information
Fire Science and Engineering / v.17, no.1, 2003 , pp. 33-39 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate flame retardant performance, thermal stability and toxicity of combustion gases for some commercial wallpapers. ID evaluate flame retardant performance 45 degree combustion experiment method was used and thermal stability was evaluated using DSC and TGA apparatus (OSC-50/Shimadzu, TGA2050/TA Instruments Inc) . Concentrations of CO, $CO_2$, HCN and HCI were measured with (GASTEC/Japan, MSA400 Gas Monitor/Infitron Inc) and toxicity indices using NIST N-Gas Model were applied to evaluate the toxicity of combustion gases. The evaluation produced the following results : First, paper cork and PVC wallpaper treated with flame retardants were found to be suitable for flame retardant performance standards. Second, paper, cork and PVC wallpaper non-treated with flame retardants were shown to be relatively more hazardous because they had greater calorific values and a faster decomposition time than the flame retardant treated wallpapers. Third, the toxicity indices of non-treated wallpapers were found to be higher than those of treated wallpapers, and the toxicity index of PVC wallpapers was higher than those of paper and cork wallpapers.
Keywords
Fire risk; Flame retardant performance; Thermal stability; Toxicity of combustion gases; Paper wallpaper; Cork wallpaper; PVC wallpaper;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 함성근, 김 홍, 김운형, '아파트 마감재에 연기유독성', 한국화재소방학회, Vol. 15, No.3, pp.36-43(2001)
2 Levin, B.C., Paabo, M., Bailey, C.S. and Harris, S.E., 'Toxicity of the Combustion Products from a Flexible Polyurethane Foam and a Polyester Fabric Evaluated Separately and Together by the NBS(NIST) Toxicity Test Method', Fire Safety Science, Proceeding of the First International Symposium, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, NY, p.1111(1986)
3 Harrold L. Kaplan, Arthur F. Grand, Gordon E. Hartzell, Combustion Toxicalogy, Principles and Test Methods, Technomic Publishing Co., pp.7-67(1983)
4 Wall Paper and Wall Covering for Decorative Finish, KSM 7305(1994)
5 Babrauskas, V., Levin, B.C. and Gann, RG., 'A New Approach to Fire Toxicity Data for Hazard Evaluation', ASTM Standardization News, September(1986)
6 Archibald Tewarson, 'Correlation for the Generation of Carbon Monoxide in Small and Large Scale Fires', Ninth Meeting of the U.S./Japan Panel on Fire Research and Safety, May (1987)
7 박형주, 곽동일, '다중이용업소에서 사용하는 실내장식재에 대한 방화 . 방염제도 개선에 관한 연구', 한국화재소방학회, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp.47-54(2001)
8 Bernard Martel, 'Chemical Risk Analysis A Practical Handbook", Taylor & Francis, p.369(2000)
9 Levin, B. C. et at., 'Effects of Exposure to Single or Multiple Combinations of the Predominant Toxic Gases and Low Oxygen Atmospheres Produced in Fires', Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 9, pp.236-250(1987)   DOI   ScienceOn
10 'Method for Measuring Smoke Density and Concentration of Gases Evolved by Incineration or Decomposition of Plastics', KSM 3047(1993)
11 김영범, 송석정, '열분석기기(DSC, DTA, TGA, TMA)의 원리 및 응용', 고분자과학과기술, Vol. 4, No.5, pp.387-397(1993)
12 화재에 대한 연소생성물의 독성에 관하여, 조사연구위원회의 보고서, Japan(1987)
13 김광일, '실내화재의 특성에 관한 연구', pp.114-115(1990)
14 '2001화재통계백서', 행정자치부, pp.11(2002)
15 Harord kapalan, Ph.D and Gordon E. Hartzell, Ph. D., Modeling of Toxicological Effects of Fire Gases, I. Incapacitating Effects of Narrcotic Fire Gases, Journal of Fire Sciences, Vol. 2, pp.286-305(1984)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 이형섭, '각국의 연소생성물 독성기준에 관한 고찰'. 방재기술, pp.31-39(1988)