• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.69-89
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• 2018

This study first investigated the relationship among elementary school students' perceived academic stress, self-esteem, and aggression. This study further tested the moderating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between academic stress and aggression. In particular, the moderating effect was tested three times for the three dimensions of aggression (i.e., behavioral aggression, hostility, & anger). A total of 758 (woman 52.1%) 5th to 6th grade elementary school students participated in this study by responding to a questionnaire including measures of academic stress, self-esteem and aggression. The main results of the study were as follows. First, academic stress perceived by the elementary school students showed significant, positive correlations with all of the three dimensions of aggression. Second, the students ' self-esteem was negatively associated with the three aggression dimensions. Third, self-esteem was found to be a significant moderator between academic stress and two dimensions of aggression (hostility & anger), respectively, yet forth, the moderating effect of self-esteem was not significant between academic stress and the behavioral aggression dimension. This study suggests that academic stress can be a risk factor to increase elementary school students' aggression, and that their level of self-esteem can be a buffer to lower the risk. This study provides implications for educators to develop a program that can reduce elementary school students' aggression under academic stress by boosting the students' self-esteem.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.307-317
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze relationship between effect on social value realization efforts and company performances, focusing on the mediating effect of external-support environment. Data for the analysis is collected from open data source from Social Enterprise Promotion Agency. The results of the analysis are, first the social value realization efforts has positive effect on both social and economic outcome of the social enterprises. External-support environment has influence on both social performance and social value realization efforts. Additional analysis to test mediation effect of external-support environment were carried out by statistical software package, Process for SPSS4.0. Mediation effect could be found between social realization efforts and social performances, however, no evidence could be found on economic performance. The result indicates that social value realization efforts as a social capital has influence on social performance mediated by external-support environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.179-188
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• 2014

This study analyzes the impact of followership on the relationship between leadership and organizational performance, and also which type of leadership-followership combination brings out higher performance in the local government of South Korea. Using the survey data conducted to the civil servants in Kyounggi-do, Pyeongtaek-shi and Dongdoochun-shi, this study analyzes the mediating and moderating effects of followership. The results show followers do affect the organizational performance in the local government and the mediating effects exist in all types of followership. These results emphasize the fact that the role of followers should be investigated as a main factor determining organization performance along with leadership. Moreover, this study found out the more similar the set of values between leaders and followers, the higher performance an administrative organization can get. This implies the necessity of more investigation of the interaction between leaders and followers in the study of organizational performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.156-166
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• 2007

Traditional financial approaches have been failed to satisfy the firms in evaluating the payoffs from information technology(IT) investment. This research developed a processed-oriented model to evaluate the impacts of IT on the primary business activities within the value chain. The model proposed in this research incorporates corporate goals for IT and strategic alignment as key measurements of IT impacts. We found that corporate goals for IT can be classified into one of four categories: unfocused, operations focus, market focus, and dual focus(operations and market focus), using survey data collected from 137 corporate executives in Korea. The empirical analysis confirms that corporate goals for IT are useful indicators of impacts from IT in that executives in firms with more focused goals for IT perceive higher payoffs from IT in the value chain. We also found that strategic alignment contributes to higher perceived levels of IT payoffs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.717-724
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• 2014

Although team cohesion can be a double-edged sword, empirical studies have focused positive effect of team cohesion. This study claims that team cohesion can be divided social task cohesion, so we can investigate positive effect of social cohesion and negative effect of task cohesion on technological innovation. Cohesion emphasize homogeneity, thus creativity supporting team climate alleviate negative effect of social cohesion and increase positive effect of task cohesion. This study has used materials collected from 205 NPD teams The results show negative effect of social cohesion(${\beta}$=-.19, p<.01), positive effect of task cohesion(${\beta}$ =.18, p<.05), positive interactive effect between social cohesion and creativity supporting team climate(${\beta}$=.14, p<.10) and positive interactive effect between task cohesion and creativity supporting team climate(${\beta}$=.16, p<.05) on technological innovation.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.177-205
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• 2022

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have strong incentives to engage in open innovation to enhance innovation efficiency and effectiveness due to their 'liability of smallness.' Previous research examined the performance effects of various open innovation practices, but whether coupled open innovation practices positively affect SMEs' firm performance is somewhat controversial. To resolve the issue, this study examined the effects of coupled open innovation activities on SMEs' firm performance using Heckman's two stage model to control endogeneity of the firms' self-selection bias in open innovation engagement. This study used the Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) 2020 collected by the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI), and tested the effects of SMEs' coupled open innovation activities, R&D and non-R&D cooperation, on their innovative and financial performance indicators. The results showed that SMEs' R&D cooperation positively affects the new-to-market (NTM) product innovation only. Moreover, SMEs' non-R&D cooperation has positive effects on the product innovation, business process innovation, new-to-the-market product innovation, and new-to-firm (NTF) product innovation. However, the results showed that both R&D and non-R&D innovation cooperation activities have no significant effects on SMEs' financial performance indicators. This study contributes to research on SMEs' open innovation and provides insights for SMEs' managers and policymakers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.4
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• pp.472-485
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• 2016

The main purpose of this research was to develop a multi-level evaluation framework for the management effectiveness of the Forest Genetic Resources Reserve (FGRR) at both the system level and the site level. The initial system level Management Effectiveness Evaluation (MEE) framework for FGRR was developed based on the MEE Framework designed by IUCN WCPA and MEE framework for Korean National Parks that was designed jointly by IUCN, the Korean Ministry of Environment, and the Korea National Park Service. Several indicators were added or modified considering characteristics of the FGRR. The final system level MEE frameworks consisted of 6 categories with total of 39 criteria and 42 indicators based on expert survey results. The initial site-level MEE framework was developed based on the site level MEE framework for Korean National Parks that was designed jointly by IUCN, the Korean Ministry of Environment, and the Korea National Park Service. The final site level MEE framework consisted of 6 categories with total of 16 criteria and 40 indicators based on both an expert survey and an intensive workshop with the officers in charge of managing the FGRR from the Korea Forest Service and local governments.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 1996

병원성 Fusarium에 의한 아스파라거스 감염은 비병원성 Fusarium을 5일과 7일 전에 접종하였을 때 방제효과가 있었다. 비병원성 F. oxysporum은 F. moniliforme에 대하여 방제효과가 있었고, F. solani는 F. oxysproum에 대하여 방제효과가 있음이 밝혀졌다. 실험에 사용된 Fusarium 균들은 모두 주근과 측근의 말단 부위, 상처부위, 그리고 표피의 세포벽 사이를 통하여 감염하였다. 경우에 따라 감염하는 동안 appressorium과 유사한 구조를 형성하기도 하였고, 직접 감염하는 경우도 있었다. 병원성 그리고 비병원성 Fusarium 균 모두 공통적으로 생장점 부위를 통하여 감염하였다. 병원성이 강한 Fusarium 균의 경우 비병원성 균들보다 감염의 속도가 빨랐고 더욱 생장이 왕성하였다. F. solani는 생장속도나 기주 조직 침입속도가 매우 느렸다. 기주 감염의 결과 처음에는 cortical rot을 유발시켰고 나중에는 tracheary elements를 감염하고 결국은 조직의 괴사를 유발하는 것이 관찰되었다. 비병원성 F. oxysporum은 표피조직에 두터운 균사층을 형성하였고, 이는 병원성 Fusarium 균에 대한 방제효과를 나타내는 원인을 제공한 것으로 여겨진다. F. solani는 측근의 생성을 촉진시켜 표면적을 증대시킨 것으로 여겨진다. 결론적으로 AVFO와 F. solani를 이용하여 아스파라거스에 발생하는 병원성 Fusarium균의 침입을 저지할 수 있는 생물적 방제가 가능함이 밝혀졌다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.270-280
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• 2022

There has been a stream of literature studying moderators of the relationship between organizational ambidexterity and firm performance, but there remains a lack of research on moderators with a strategic perspective. We examined the effect of organizational ambidexterity on a firm's long-term performance and the moderating effect of a firm's relative exploration and exploitation based on a sample of 8,916 firms. We found a positive relationship between organizational ambidexterity and long-term performance measured by Tobin's q. The results also suggest that a firm's relative exploration positively moderates the relationship between organizational ambidexterity and long-term performance, whereas exploitation negatively moderates this relationship. We contribute to the current ambidexterity literature by integrating it with strategy literature. We found that the positive relationship between organizational ambidexterity and long-term performance is enlarged and long-lasting when a firm is a differentiator. In contrast, this positive relationship is lessened and short-lasting when a firm is a cost-leader.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.258-270
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• 2015

The study aims at verifying the effect of the image, trust and responsiveness to social welfare organizations on continuing the sponsorship of private donors, the mediating effect of the organizational identification and the moderating effect of their financial status. As a result of causal analysis of the variables by structural equation models, regardless of donors' financial status, social welfare organizations' image, trust and responsiveness has no direct effect on continuing the sponsorship. Among the donors in relatively good financial status, social welfare organizations' image, trust and responsiveness positively have direct effects on organizational identification, which has a direct effect on continuing the sponsorship. That is, the image, trust and responsiveness influence the continuity of the sponsorship through the full mediating effect of organizational identification. On the other hand, among relatively poor donors, only the organizations' image and trust positively influence the organizational identification, The direct and indirect effects on the continuity of the sponsorship are different according to the private donors' financial status, which means that the moderating effect of the donors' financial status is proved. The result of latent mean analysis regarding 5 main latent variables according to the private donors' financial status, shows the significant difference in the continuity of sponsorship only(Mean= .197, Cohen's D=.779). By emphasizing that Organizational identification is a critical factor in terms of enhancing the continuity of sponsorship, some practical implications are discussed based on the study's findings.