• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.273-293
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• 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the size of the e-commerce has been increased rapidly. This pandemic, which made contact-less communication culture in everyday life made the e-commerce market to be opened even to the consumers who would hesitate to purchase and pay by electronic device without any personal contacts and seeing or touching the real products. Consumers who have experienced the easy access and convenience of the online purchase would continue to take those advantages even after the pandemic. During this time of transformation, however, the size of information source for the consumers has become even shrunk into a flat screen and limited to visual only. To provide differentiated and competitive information on products, companies are adopting AR/VR and steaming technologies but the reviews from the honest users need to be recognized as important in that it is regarded as strong as the well refined product information provided by marketing professionals of the company and companies may obtain useful insight for product development, marketing and sales strategies. Then from the consumer's point of view, if the ratings of reviews are widely diverged how consumers would process the review information before purchase? Are non-converged ratings always unreliable and worthless? In this study, we analyzed how consumer's regulatory focus moderate the attitude to process the diverged information. This experiment was designed as a 2x2 factorial study to see how the variance of product review ratings (high vs. low) for cosmetics affects product attitudes by the consumers' regulatory focus (prevention focus vs. improvement focus). As a result of the study, it was found that prevention-focused consumers showed high product attitude when the review variance was low, whereas promotion-focused consumers showed high product attitude when the review variance was high. With such a study, this thesis can explain that even if a product with exactly the same average rating, the converged or diverged review can be interpreted differently by customer's regulatory focus. This paper has a theoretical contribution to elucidate the mechanism of consumer's information process when the information is not converged. In practice, as reviews and sales records of each product are accumulated, as an one of applied knowledge management types with big data, companies may develop and provide even reinforced customer experience by providing personalized and optimized products and review information.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.185-198
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• 2017

Since the year 2000, the growth rate of domestic manufacturing has declined and the sales and employment have decreased. Major developed countries have established a variety of strategies to strengthen their manufacturing competitiveness, and promote manufacturing innovation through the convergence of technology and ICT. The key to manufacturing innovation is to reduce the time and cost for developing new products using modeling and simulation (M&S) technology in the product design stage. M&S industries, which belong to the top sector of the industry value chain, have a huge ripple effect across other industries. On the other hand, the competitiveness of the domestic M&S industry is weak compared to developed countries and even the definition and classification of domestic M&S companies have not been made. In this paper, by analyzing the Korea Standard Industry Classification (KSIC), five fine industry classifications included in M&S service companies were derived. In addition, the 307 M&S service companies were derived in accordance with the selection procedure of 3 steps from the 11,822 related companies. To analyze the capabilities of domestic M&S service companies, the current status of the selected M&S service companies was investigated. Considering the Korean economy's high dependence on the manufacturing industry, strengthening the competitiveness of manufacturing industry is required by enhancing the capacities and building an ecosystem in domestic M&S services for future sustainable economic growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.772-779
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• 2019

The subsea pipeline has received considerable attention as a high-value-added industry linked to the energy and steel industries including natural resource development. The design and installation of the subsea pipeline require a variety of key technologies to carry out the project. In particular, a thorough pre-verification process through pre-commissioning is essential for the safe operation of the subsea pipeline. The hydrotesting stage in the pre-commissioning process of the subsea pipeline is known to be affected significantly by the ambient temperature change; however, there is a little study based on the theoretical and numerical approach. In this study, the method of predicting the internal temperature change using the transient heat transfer method for the stage of hydrotesting during the pre-commissioning process of the subsea pipeline and the prediction method of the pressure variation in the pipeline using it were proposed. The predicted results were compared with field test results and its effectiveness was verified. The proposed analysis procedure is expected to contribute to the productivity improvement of the subsea pipeline installation project by enabling the prediction of pressure variation through pipeline heat transfer simulation from the initial design stage of the subsea pipeline installation project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.123-130
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• 2006

Recently, Korean government promotes BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease) for their public construction project to apply private sector's experience and finance initiatives. Many of public buildings and civil infrastructure projects were planned to be delivered by BTL and it helps to continue public projects under tight budget conditions. Since the characteristics of BTL projects, creative ideas for the project function, performance and its LCC (Life Cycle Cost) become more important than usual public work project. This paper introduces the systematic "VE job Plan" application techniques for BTL project and shows the process. This study shows the application of "VE job Plan" for BTL project to help decision making and value improvement. Also, Project cost was estimated by LCC (Life Cycle Cost) analysis. Technical "FAST diagram"was developed and used to find major functions of the project. So, it helps to improve performance of functions and make creative ideas. FAST diagram also help to find relationships between functions and cost. A case study (Daegu Art Gallery BTL Project) was conducted using proposed "VE job Plan. Study demonstrates how value management helps save money and increase functional performance. Researcher found that project can save cost and improve performance of functions significantly by using appropriate VE analysis process at appropriate time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.418-429
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• 2012

In this study we surveyed the packaging preferences of consumers for Korean rice cakes as current commercial products in Korea. The questionnaire was developed from a preliminary investigation of typical rice cake packaging patterns and sent to 2332 residents in Korea by random sampling mail. The questionnaire contained questions on the preferences of interior design in packaging, opening methods, individually separated types, printing position, packaging methods, and packaging materials such as paper and plastic. There were responses from 304 residents. The collected data was analyzed by an SPSS package program. Most of the packaging used for Korean rice cakes was plastic (58.9%) which was used for packaging materials and stretch wrap (42.9%) as packing methods. The results showed the preference was the perforated line type used by hand for opening a packaging and interior packaging design with 2~3 partitions. Most respondents expressed an interest in using individual packaging and having printing directly on the packaging. Also, the respondents preferred the packaging design that let them see the contents of a package. Based on the results of the questionnaire, this paper suggested that most consumers would prefer to choose a packaging system with a partition design in a plastic container, individually separated products, and a transparent container for Korean rice cakes. The results of packaging preferences could provide important information for suitable packaging development for Korean rice cakes. Further research should be conducted to improve the shelf life of Korean rice cakes with functional packaging systems such as modified atmosphere packaging or anti-microbial packaging.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.140-148
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• 2002

컴퓨터를 통해 편리한 생활을 추구해온 인간들은 전자상거래 분야에서도 이러한 욕구를 충족시키기 위해 자동협상이라는 기능을 요구하게 되었다. 지능형 에이전트를 이용한 자동협상은 인간의 거래협상 업무의 부담을 많은 부분을 덜어주고 있어 자동협상 에이전트에 관한 연구들이 활성화되고 있다 소비자간 전자상거래에서는 다수의 자동협상 에이전트 연구들이 경매시장에서의 자동협상에 초점을 맞추고 있는데 반해, 가격 이외의 여러 거래속성을 갖는 상품에 대한 제안기반 협상시장에서의 자동협상 에이전트에 관한 연구들이 최근에 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소비자간 전자상거래에서 거래속성의 변화에 따라 개인의 효용가치의 차이를 이용한 다속성 상품의 제안기반 협상시장이 가져야할 특성에 대해 연구하고, 이를 기반으로 자동 거래협상을 수행에 필요한 거래속성 변화에 따른 소비자 개인의 선호체계를 표현하기 위한 방법을 개발하였다. 그리고 이러한 자동 거래협상을 공정하게 수행하기 위해 협상시장이 가져야할 특징과 프로토콜을 제안하고 시장운영 에이전트 시스템의 구조를 설계하였다. 마지막으로 이러한 분산형 시장구조를 갖는 제안기반의 협상시장에 참여하는 사용자 에이전트 시스템이 최적의 거래상대와 최적의 거래안을 찾기 위한 탐색방법을 구체적으로 개발하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 소비자간 전자상거래에서 구매자 뿐만 아니라 판매자도 협상결과에 따른 거래로 얻어지는 자신의 효용을 극대화할 수 있는 공정한 협상시장을 운영할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 사용자들도 손쉽게 자신의 협상 선호체계를 쉽게 표현하고, 표현된 선호체계를 반영한 자동 거래협상을 수행할 수 있을 것 이다. 기존의 UN/EDIFACT표준을 사용하고 있는 EDI환경과 기존 VAN 방식의 EDI 중계 시스템과 연동되며, 향후 관세청의 XML/EDI 표준 시행을 미리 대비하는 선도연구로서 자리매김이 된다. 본 연구에서는 개발된 XML/EDI 통관시스템은 향후, 서비스의 최대 걸림돌이 되어왔던 값비싼 EDI 사용료의 부담에서 벗어날 수 있게 할 것이며, 저렴한 EDI구축/운영 비용으로 전자문서교환의 활성화와 XML이 인터넷 기반의 문서유통 표준으로 자리매김할 수 있는 중요한 계기가 될 것이다.재무/비재무적 지표를 고려한 인공신경망기법의 예측적중률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 로지스틱회귀 분석의 재무적 지표모형은 훈련, 시험용이 84.45%, 85.10%인 반면, 재무/비재무적 지표모형은 84.45%, 85.08%로서 거의 동일한 예측적중률을 가졌으나 인공신경망기법 분석에서는 재무적 지표모형이 92.23%, 85.10%인 반면, 재무/비재무적 지표모형에서는 91.12%, 88.06%로서 향상된 예측적중률을 나타내었다.ting LMS according to increasing the step-size parameter $\mu$ in the experimentally computed. learning curve. Also we find that convergence speed of proposed algorithm is increased by (B+1) time proportional to B which B is the number of recycled data buffer without

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.9-18
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• 2017

Construction Management at Risk (CMAR) is a project delivery method that enables CM companies to deliver projects at a Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP). General contractors can apply CMAR from the initial design phase right through the construction phase to reduce risks and improve project performance. One of the major advantages CMAR offers is that it permits a general contractor to provide a comprehensive suite of preconstruction services, including estimating, a constructability review, value engineering, drawings and a specification review, green building, and Building Information Modeling(BIM), among others. However, general contractors in South Korea currently provide only limited preconstruction services using CMAR because few CMAR projects have yet been implemented in Korea and their experience using the method is therefore limited. This benchmark study of how foreign general contractors utilize CMAR in their projects, particularly during the preconstruction process, its purpose, and the roles and responsibilities of each of the different participants in successful implementations thus provides invaluable information and will serve as a useful guide for Korean contractors seeking to incorporate CMAR preconstruction services in their projects and thus improve the competitiveness of their construction businesses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.389-397
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• 2018

Modern countries have almost ratified the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities and are creating environments to prevent discrimination against these individuals. In 1996, the International Maritime Organization presented a recommendation for the design and operation of passenger ships to respond to elderly and disabled persons' needs. In Korea, an act on the promotion of transportation convenience for mobility disadvantaged persons has been implemented, and facilities for the disabled have been rapidly installed in ships, vehicles, aircraft, railways and passenger terminals. However, the maritime transport environment is less concerned about disabled persons than safety. In this study, basic research was conducted to improve the maritime transport environment for disabled people in Korea through a field survey and literature survey. As a result, it was found that relevant laws and regulations have not been properly applied to excursion ships and ferries as well as small-scale ports, which are responsible for a large part of coastal passenger transportation. In addition to low installation rates of facilities for the transportation of persons with disabilities in ships and terminals, loose equipment was also considered. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the human rights of persons with disabilities, which are universal values of humanity, by complementing laws and introducing improved facilities.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.162-189
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a Design Thinking-based Maker education program utilizing Arduino for middle school students. The study progress was made in four stages of preparation, development, implementation and evaluation according to the PDIE model. In this study, experts were verified for validity and pre-applied to students to improve the maker education program developed based on literature review. Then, it was applied to middle school club classes to check the effects through analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. In addition, the development of the program was completed by supplementing the improvements found in the course. The results of this study are as follows. First, the topics of the maker education program that can be used in middle schools were selected in consideration of the analysis of the 2015 revised curriculum, methods to using the Arduino, and social interest. Second, the program developed based on the selected topic consists of 4 classes of maker basic learning and 16 classes of design thinking-based maker activities. Third, the developed maker education program had a significant effect in improving STEAM literacy of middle school students, but did not have any significant effect in the interest in technology and orientation towards an engineering career. Fourth, learners were interested in the activities of designing and freely making by themselves, and they positively evaluated the experience of realizing the physical computing with Arduino. In addition, they practiced the spirit of a maker, such as autonomously collecting data and sharing them with colleagues, etc. while acting as a maker.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2023

In this study, LiDAR-reflective black hollow-structured silica/titania(B-HST) materials are successfully synthesized by employing the NaBH₄ reduction and etching method on silica/titania core/shell(STCS) materials, which also effectively enhance near-infrared(NIR) reflectance. Moreover, core-etched supernatant solutions are collected and recycled for the synthesis of extracted silica(e-SiO₂) process, which successfully applies as filler materials for semiconductor epoxy molding compound(EMC). In detail, B-HST materials, fabricated by the sequential experimental steps of sol-gel, reduction, and sonication-mediated etching method, manifest blackness(L^*) of 13.2 similar to black paint and excellent NIR reflectance(31.1%). Consequently, B-HST materials are successfully prepared as LiDAR-reflective black materials. Additionally, core-etched supernatant solution with silanol precursors are employed for synthesis of homogeneous silica filler materials via sol-gel method. As-synthesized silica fillers are incorporated with epoxy resin and carbon black for the preparation of semiconductor EMC. Experimentally synthesized EMC exhibits comparable mechanical-chemical properties to commercial EMC. Conclusively, this study successfully proposes designing procedure and practical experimental method for simultaneously synthesizing the NIR-reflective black materials for self-driving vehicles and EMC materials for semiconductors, which are materials suitable for the industrial 4.0 era, and presented their applicability in future industries.